Question 1

Your friend was a recent victim of a sexual assault.According the DSM 5,at what point can a diagnoses of PTSD be made?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your friend was a recent victim of...

Question 2

What is the minimum time needed to treat most specific phobias?

Accepted Answer

Exposure therapy, often used to treat specific phobias, can sometimes be effective in just a single day with intensive sessions.

Question 3

Compulsions can be behavioural in nature.What else could they be?

Accepted Answer

Compulsions can involve repetitive thoughts or images that a person cannot control, also known as mental compulsions.

Question 4

What is the term for behaviours that people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)perform because they believe they will help their obsession,when in reality the behaviours have no effect?

Accepted Answer

These behaviors are referred to as "magical" because individuals with OCD believe these actions will prevent or alleviate their obsessions, despite there being no logical or causal connection.

Question 5

According to research,what area of the brain was activated in people with social anxiety disorder who viewed angry and contemptuous faces?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that people with social anxiety disorder who view angry and contemptuous faces demonstrate increased activity in the amygdala, which is responsible for processing emotions such as fear and aggression. This suggests that individuals with social anxiety disorder may have an overactive amygdala in response to social threats, contributing to their heightened level of anxiety in social situations.

Question 6

What are the most common traumatic events experienced by the 8 percent of the Canadian population who have experienced post-traumatic stress disorder?

Accepted Answer

Research shows that combat and sexual assault are the most common traumatic events experienced by individuals with PTSD, with approximately one-third of individuals who develop PTSD following exposure to trauma experiencing combat and another one-third experiencing sexual assault.

Question 7

What do we call actions,or sometimes thoughts,that an individual with obsessive-compulsive disorder uses to reduce anxiety?

Accepted Answer

Compulsions are the actions or thoughts that individuals with OCD use to alleviate their anxiety. Perseverative movements may be a symptom of OCD, but they do not necessarily serve to reduce anxiety. Conditioned responses are learned associations between a stimulus and a response, but they do not capture the nature of the repetitive and anxiety-reducing nature of OCD symptoms. Obsessions refer to persistent thoughts or impulses that cause distress, but they are distinct from the compulsions that individuals engage in to relieve that distress.

Question 8

Darrel is a Vietnam veteran.He wakes up in the middle of the night in a cold sweat due to dreams in which he relives his most frightening war experiences.He refuses to talk about the war with anyone and is constantly fidgety and "on edge." He is unable to enjoy himself or develop intimacy with friends or romantically.What disorder does Darrel appear to have?

Accepted Answer

Darrel displays classic symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), including intrusive memories, avoidance of reminders of the trauma, and hyperarousal symptoms like being "on edge".

Question 9

Which of the following symptoms often accompanies obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Accepted Answer

Panic attacks often accompany obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) as individuals may become overwhelmed by their compulsions or obsessions, leading to high levels of anxiety and panic. Delusions and specific phobias are not typically associated with OCD, although individuals with OCD may have other co-occurring mental health conditions such as social anxiety disorder.

Question 10

Which of the following is a common symptom of people with post-traumatic stress disorder?

Accepted Answer

Memories and nightmares of the traumatic event are a common symptom of PTSD. Chronic worrying and difficulty learning new things are not specific to PTSD, and excessive emotional responsiveness can be a symptom of various disorders.

Question 11

What did the Heinrichs and colleagues (2006)cross-cultural study of social phobia find?

Accepted Answer

The Heinrichs and colleagues (2006) cross-cultural study found that the more that attention-avoiding behaviours were accepted in a given culture, the greater were the levels of social anxiety. This suggests that cultural factors can influence the development and manifestation of social anxiety.

Question 12

Why were there lower rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)in citizens who endured bombing and shelling in wartime England compared to victims of crime?

Accepted Answer

Many people may not have directly experienced the horrors of death or direct attack during the wartime air raids.

Question 13

The "alarm reactions" experienced in both post-traumatic stress disorder and panic disorders are very similar and result in conditioned responses.However,which of the following describes the alarm in panic disorder?

Accepted Answer

In panic disorder, the alarm reaction is considered "false" because it occurs without any real external threat, unlike in PTSD where the alarm is triggered by reminders of a past traumatic event.

Question 14

In Japan,what does the anxiety syndrome termed taijin kyo fusho involve?

Accepted Answer

Taijin kyo fusho is a Japanese cultural syndrome characterized by an intense fear of offending or embarrassing others, rather than oneself.

Question 15

What is an important factor in determining whether an individual will develop post-traumatic stress disorder following a traumatic event?

Accepted Answer

The extent of emotional support from family and friends is an important factor in determining whether an individual will develop post-traumatic stress disorder following a traumatic event. Studies have shown that individuals with strong support systems are less likely to develop PTSD than those without such support. Other factors such as the severity and duration of the trauma, as well as past and current mental health issues, may also play a role in the development of PTSD.

Question 16

Who is most likely to avoid all contact with other people?

Accepted Answer

Someone with an illness phobia is most likely to avoid all contact with other people, as their fear is related to contracting an illness from others.

Question 17

Which of the following is a diagnostic symptom associated with social phobias?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with social phobia often recognize that their fear is excessive or unreasonable, which is a diagnostic criterion for the disorder.

Question 18

For months,Greg has been plagued by worries as he drives to work.He thinks he forgot to lock the door,close the windows,or turn off the stove.Often,he returns home and double-checks the house before he can rid himself of these worries.Which of the following describes Greg's worries?

Accepted Answer

Greg's worries are obsessive because they are persistent, intrusive thoughts that cause him anxiety and lead him to repeatedly check things to alleviate his concerns.

Question 19

The obsession in tic-related OCD is almost always related to:

Accepted Answer

The obsession in tic-related OCD is usually related to symmetry, such as the need to perform tics in a specific order or number, or to have bodily sensations feel symmetrical on both sides. While self-harm and unacceptable behavior can be obsessions in OCD, they are typically not specific to tic-related OCD. Cleaning may be an obsession in OCD, but it is not usually associated with tic-related OCD.

Question 20

When they are part of post-traumatic stress disorder,what are symptoms such as feelings of unreality and/or amnesia for all or part of the traumatic event called?

Accepted Answer

Symptoms such as feelings of unreality and/or amnesia for all or part of the traumatic event are known as dissociative symptoms, which are commonly associated with post-traumatic stress disorder.

Quiz 5: Anxiety,Trauma-Related,and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders