Question 1

What factor contributes to an iron deficiency risk for Deborah?​

Accepted Answer

Limited financial means can contribute to an iron deficiency risk as it may restrict access to a variety of iron-rich foods, leading to inadequate dietary intake of iron.

Question 2

Deborah, age 24, is a Caucasian woman who is attending her first prenatal appointment with the clinic obstetrician. Deborah is single and employed in a minimum-wage job with limited financial resources. She resides with her mother. In the first month of her pregnancy, Deborah has experienced mild nausea but no vomiting, and has had a ravenous appetite. Because she works as a waitress, she has access to balanced meals at breakfast and lunch, whereas at home she and her mother primarily eat ready-to-eat dinners, and occasionally make a home-cooked meal. She is a well-appearing, normal-weight woman with no known medical conditions. She is taking no medications except for an over-the-counter prenatal vitamin-mineral supplement, which she began on her own the day she administered her pregnancy self-test two weeks ago. She does not smoke nor drink alcohol. Because she does not own a car, she walks about four miles a day; however, she has been very tired and may need to decrease the number of shifts she works at the restaurant if that continues.
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-​Deborah needs more iron in her diet in addition to the prenatal vitamin-mineral supplement that she takes. What foods are recommended for Deborah to increase her supply of heme iron before and during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Seafood is the best choice for increasing heme iron in Deborah's diet. Heme iron is a type of iron found in animal sources, such as seafood, that is more easily absorbed by the body compared to non-heme iron found in plant sources. Other sources listed, such as citrus fruits and dark green vegetables, are sources of non-heme iron and may not be as effective in increasing iron levels in the body. Legumes and eggs are also sources of iron, but may not be as easily accessible or affordable for Deborah.

Question 3

​A breastfeeding mother is worried that her baby will develop food allergies if she eats peanuts or tree nuts before breastfeeding. food allergies do not develop after breastfeeding, but they do develop if the infant is formula fedCurrent evidence regarding breastfeeding and food allergies states that _____.

Accepted Answer

Current evidence suggests that dietary restrictions in breastfeeding mothers do not prevent or delay the development of food allergies in infants.

Question 4

The social worker at the prenatal clinic determines that Deborah is eligible for WIC (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children). This program provides _____.​

Accepted Answer

The answer of The social worker at the prenatal clinic...

Question 5

The American Academy of Pediatrics and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics support exclusive breastfeeding until an infant is _____ months old.​

Accepted Answer

The American Academy of Pediatrics and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics recommend exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of an infant's life.

Question 6

To meet her increased energy needs, a breastfeeding woman is advised to consume an extra _____ kcalories per day until her infant is 6 months old.​

Accepted Answer

The answer of To meet her increased energy needs, a...

Question 7

Deborah, age 24, is a Caucasian woman who is attending her first prenatal appointment with the clinic obstetrician. Deborah is single and employed in a minimum-wage job with limited financial resources. She resides with her mother. In the first month of her pregnancy, Deborah has experienced mild nausea but no vomiting, and has had a ravenous appetite. Because she works as a waitress, she has access to balanced meals at breakfast and lunch, whereas at home she and her mother primarily eat ready-to-eat dinners, and occasionally make a home-cooked meal. She is a well-appearing, normal-weight woman with no known medical conditions. She is taking no medications except for an over-the-counter prenatal vitamin-mineral supplement, which she began on her own the day she administered her pregnancy self-test two weeks ago. She does not smoke nor drink alcohol. Because she does not own a car, she walks about four miles a day; however, she has been very tired and may need to decrease the number of shifts she works at the restaurant if that continues.
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-Deborah receives affirmation for choosing taking vitamin-mineral supplements to support her health. Prenatal supplements may be especially beneficial in preventing which risk to the fetus?​

Accepted Answer

Prenatal supplements are known to reduce the risk of low infant birthweight.

Question 8

In the United States, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at six months is about _____.​

Accepted Answer

As of recent data, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at six months in the United States is approximately 19%.

Question 9

The only acceptable alternative to breast milk is _____.​

Accepted Answer

Iron-fortified infant formula is the best alternative to breast milk as it provides all the necessary nutrients for infant growth and development. Goat's milk, cow's milk, low-iron infant formula, and 10 percent dextrose water are not recommended for infants as they do not provide the necessary nutrients to support growth and development. Cow's milk and goat's milk also have proteins and minerals that are difficult for infants to digest, making them not suitable for babies under one year old.

Question 10

Milk moves to the front of the breast when an infant begins to nurse. This is called the _____.​

Accepted Answer

The letdown reflex is the release of milk from the milk ducts in response to the suction of nursing. This results in milk moving to the front of the breast for easier access by the infant. The rooting reflex is the infant's instinctual search for a nipple, the initial force and mammary descent are not recognized terms in the field of lactation, and infant grasp refers to the infant's ability to grasp and hold onto objects.

Question 11

​The ideal time for the first breastfeeding is _____.

Accepted Answer

The ideal time for the first breastfeeding is immediately after delivery. This allows for early initiation of colostrum and promotes bonding between the mother and infant. Delaying breastfeeding may lead to a decreased milk supply and difficulty with latching on.

Question 12

​In order to best protect herself against dehydration, a lactating woman is advised to drink ____ of fluid per day.

Accepted Answer

A lactating woman is advised to drink 13 cups of fluid per day in order to best protect herself against dehydration. Lactation significantly increases the body's need for water, so it is important for nursing mothers to stay well-hydrated in order to maintain adequate milk supply and prevent health complications.

Question 13

A breastfeeding mother should _____.​

Accepted Answer

A breastfeeding mother should allow the infant to suckle on the first breast offered as long as he likes to ensure he gets enough milk and stimulate milk production. It is also important to feed on demand rather than on a schedule. The infant should be allowed to finish the first breast before offering the second. Water is not necessary for a breastfed infant as breastmilk provides all the fluids they need.

Question 14

What do experts cite as one of the most common deterrents to breastfeeding?​

Accepted Answer

The answer of What do experts cite as one of...

Question 15

Breastfeeding has been shown to have which benefit for the nursing infant?​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Breastfeeding has been shown to have which...

Question 16

​If a lactating woman's diet is poor, her milk _____.

Accepted Answer

The quality of breast milk is generally maintained at the expense of the mother's nutrient stores, ensuring the infant receives adequate nutrition even if the mother's diet is poor.

Question 17

To successfully breastfeed her infant, what steps should a mother be encouraged to perform?​

Accepted Answer

Holding the breast with the hand behind the areola helps the infant latch onto the breast properly, leading to successful breastfeeding. Pushing the infant's face toward the nipple or touching the infant's nose to the nipple are not recommended as they can cause discomfort and difficulty in latching. Using lotion is also not necessary and may interfere with the natural process of breastfeeding. Using a breast pump prior to breastfeeding may help in removing any milk that may have accumulated but is not necessary for successful breastfeeding.

Question 18

​Kelly is a 16-year-old adolescent who is 19 weeks' pregnant with her first child. What factors increase the risk of low birthweight and infant death among teen pregnancies?

Accepted Answer

Adolescent mothers are less likely to seek early prenatal care, which can lead to a lack of monitoring and management of potential health issues that could affect the baby's development and increase the risk of low birthweight and infant death. While the other choices may also be risk factors for some teen pregnancies, they are not necessarily universally true for all teen pregnancies.

Question 19

After reading a clinic brochure on prenatal nutrition, Deborah discovers that she can "kill two birds with one stone" by eating more _____, which is a good source of both iron and zinc, minerals that might be lacking in the average pregnant woman's diet.​

Accepted Answer

Meat is a good source of both iron and zinc, which might be lacking in the average pregnant woman's diet. By eating more meat, Deborah can fulfill the requirements of both minerals. The other options listed do not provide both iron and zinc in significant amounts.

Question 20

A lactating mother wants to breastfeed but she has a short-term prescription for antibiotics that have been shown to cross into breast milk and that could affect her baby. What solution is most appropriate in this situation to protect the health of this mother and her baby?​

Accepted Answer

The most appropriate solution in this situation to protect the health of the mother and her baby is to have the mother use a breast pump and discard the milk until she has finished taking the medication. This ensures that the baby is not exposed to the medication through breast milk while also supporting the mother's decision to breastfeed. Once the medication is complete, the mother can safely resume breastfeeding.

Quiz 10: Nutrition Through the Life Span - Pregnancy and Infancy

What factor contributes to an iron deficiency risk for Deborah?

The social worker at the prenatal clinic determines that Deborah is eligible for WIC (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children) . This program provides _____.

The American Academy of Pediatrics and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics support exclusive breastfeeding until an infant is _____ months old.

To meet her increased energy needs, a breastfeeding woman is advised to consume an extra _____ kcalories per day until her infant is 6 months old.

In the United States, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at six months is about _____.

The only acceptable alternative to breast milk is _____.

Milk moves to the front of the breast when an infant begins to nurse. This is called the _____.

The ideal time for the first breastfeeding is _____.

In order to best protect herself against dehydration, a lactating woman is advised to drink ____ of fluid per day.

A breastfeeding mother should _____.

What do experts cite as one of the most common deterrents to breastfeeding?

Breastfeeding has been shown to have which benefit for the nursing infant?

If a lactating woman's diet is poor, her milk _____.

To successfully breastfeed her infant, what steps should a mother be encouraged to perform?

Kelly is a 16-year-old adolescent who is 19 weeks' pregnant with her first child. What factors increase the risk of low birthweight and infant death among teen pregnancies?

After reading a clinic brochure on prenatal nutrition, Deborah discovers that she can "kill two birds with one stone" by eating more _____, which is a good source of both iron and zinc, minerals that might be lacking in the average pregnant woman's diet.

A lactating mother wants to breastfeed but she has a short-term prescription for antibiotics that have been shown to cross into breast milk and that could affect her baby. What solution is most appropriate in this situation to protect the health of this mother and her baby?