Question 1

Lispro,a rapid-onset,short-acting insulin,differs from regular insulin in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

Lispro has a rapid onset and shorter duration of action than regular insulin and provides insulin whose action is more like that produced by the body.

Question 2

Lipodystrophy is best defined as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Lipodystrophy,or shrinkage and loss of fatty tissue,occurs when insulin is given in the same spot too frequently.

Question 3

A 56-year-old patient has had late-onset type 2 diabetes (NIDDM)for the past 5 years.He has been taking a variety of oral hypoglycemic agents,but his blood sugar level is getting higher.He comes in today with blurred vision,lethargy,polyuria,polyphagia,and polydipsia.The doctor may suggest which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Patients with type 2 diabetes may require insulin because of oral antidiabetic agent failure or to give an additional glucose-lowering effect.

Question 4

Laboratory findings in thyroid disease may include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Laboratory findings in thyroid disease may include reduced free T₄ index and elevated serum TSH.

Question 5

Which of the following is true about vasopressin?

Accepted Answer

The posterior pituitary gland produces the antidiuretic hormone (ADH)vasopressin.

Question 6

A patient came to the clinic for follow-up care after his last visit.His laboratory tests for serum T₄ and TSH confirm hypothyroidism.The nurse expects that this patient will be started on which of the following medications?

Accepted Answer

Levothyroxine is the drug of choice in the treatment of thyroid replacement.

Question 7

A 14-year-old boy is excessively small for his age.He has also failed to develop any secondary sex characteristics.After endocrine evaluation,the physician decides to institute hormone therapy to stimulate growth.Which of the following is the general category of drugs that would be ordered?

Accepted Answer

The main action of androgens is to develop secondary male sex characteristics.Androgens are anabolic,increasing the building of tissue.

Question 8

Patients taking antidiuretic hormone (ADH)need to be monitored frequently for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A patient on ADH should be monitored for a decrease in the frequency and the amount of urination,the specific gravity of the urine,and water intoxication or signs of dehydration.

Question 9

A newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patient is started on a new drug that comes from incretin hormones.Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1)is used because of which of the following effects?

Accepted Answer

The incretin that has received the most attention is GLP1.It regulates homeostasis and inhibits endogenous glucagon secretion.

Question 10

Which of the following are two of the major glucocorticoids produced by the adrenal glands?

Accepted Answer

Hydrocortisone and cortisone are two of the many glucocorticoids produced by the adrenal glands.

Question 11

When used for a short period to treat dysfunctional bleeding,progestins will have which of the following effects?

Accepted Answer

Progestins can be used to control uterine bleeding and cause the uterine endometrium to shed.

Question 12

When a patient is on hormone replacement therapy,the nurse should regularly monitor the patient for which of the following changes?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen therapy affects many body systems.Women who use estrogen are at risk for fluid retention,resulting in weight gain.

Question 13

A patient is taking 36 units of glargine insulin (Lantus)each morning.This insulin's duration is in which of the following ranges?

Accepted Answer

Glargine (Lantus)is a long-acting insulin whose duration is 20 to 24 hours.

Question 14

A patient is found to have hyperthyroidism.The health care provider wants to start the patient on medication before performing surgery and would most likely prescribe which of the following medications?

Accepted Answer

Propylthiouracil is an antithyroid product used to treat hyperthyroidism or to improve hyperthyroidism in preparation for surgery or radioactive iodine therapy.

Question 15

A patient comes in with a bad case of poison ivy.He has been scratching the red,swollen area on his arm because it itches.The arm has been getting increasingly swollen over the last 3 days.The doctor is most likely to order which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Corticosteroid hormones regulate glucose,fat,and protein metabolism and control the antiinflammatory response and the immune response system.

Question 16

Hormones used in the suppression of ovulation include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen,progesterone,and a combination of the two hormones are very effective as oral contraceptives.They prevent ovulation and cause a state that mimics pregnancy in the female.

Question 17

In instructing a patient about corticosteroid therapy,the patient asks if he can just stop this medication before returning to the physician's office.Which of the following would be the nurse's best response?

Accepted Answer

Corticosteroids cannot be stopped without tapering,or slowly reducing the dose over time.Stopping the drug suddenly leads to steroid withdrawal syndrome.

Question 18

A patient is started on Byetta,one of the new antidiabetic agents.The patient asks how this medication will help lower blood sugar.Which of the following is the nurse's response?

Accepted Answer

Another new drug,Byetta,is the first drug that has been shown to restore first-phase insulin secretion when it is missing in type 2 diabetics.

Question 19

Myxedema is the most severe form of hypothyroidism.Changes with this condition include which of the following signs?

Accepted Answer

On examination the nurse may find skin changes associated with myxedema,the most severe form of hypothyroidism.These changes include nonpitting edema,doughy skin,puffy face,large tongue,decreased body hair,and cool,dry skin.

Question 20

A patient is taking insulin each morning.When the insulin peaks,the patient should be observed for which of the following signs of hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

Hypoglycemia is serum glucose of less than 60 mg/dL,which is caused by taking too much insulin.Symptoms include nervousness;hunger;weakness;cold,clammy skin;and change in the level of consciousness.

Quiz 21: Hormones and Steroids