Question 1

Inflammation of the membrane that covers the heart valves and chambers of the heart is associated with:

Accepted Answer

Inflammation of the membrane that covers the heart valves and chambers of the heart is called endocarditis. Pericarditis is inflammation of the membrane that surrounds the heart. Aneurysm is the abnormal enlargement of an artery caused by weakness in its wall. Arteriosclerosis is a condition where the walls of arteries become thickened and lose their elasticity.

Question 2

Mr. L works in a meat locker. He has recently been diagnosed as having Raynaud's phenomenon. His employer has requested a consultation from you to evaluate what work modifications may be needed as a result of Mr. L's condition. One modification which would most likely be needed is to:

Accepted Answer

Raynaud's phenomenon is a condition where there is excessive vasoconstriction of small blood vessels in response to cold or emotional stress, resulting in reduced blood flow to the extremities. In Mr. L's case, working in a cold environment may exacerbate his condition. Therefore, work modifications may include avoiding cold environments and emotional stressors to reduce the likelihood of triggering an episode of Raynaud's. Choices A, C, and D do not address the primary concern of Raynaud's phenomenon, which is the vasoconstriction of small blood vessels, and are not necessary modifications for this condition.

Question 3

Mrs. E, in addition to her primary disability, also has hypertension. Even though hypertension is not a primary disability, it is important for you to consider this condition when considering vocational issues with Mrs. E because:

Accepted Answer

Hypertension can lead to additional disabilities if left untreated or not properly controlled. It is important to consider this condition when evaluating Mrs. E's vocational issues to ensure that her health is not further compromised by the demands of her job.

Question 4

Mr. O recently was diagnosed as having mitral stenosis. Because of Mr. O's diagnosis, he will probably require:

Accepted Answer

Mitral stenosis is a condition where the mitral valve (which controls blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle) is narrow, partially obstructing blood flow. Treatment typically involves a surgical procedure to either repair or replace the valve. Coronary bypass surgery and pacemakers are not typically used to treat mitral stenosis. Diet and exercise may be recommended to prevent complications, but they are not effective in treating the underlying valve obstruction.

Question 5

You have recently been working to develop vocational goals with Mr. G, who had a heart transplant. In reviewing factors specific to transplantation, you note that persons with cardiac transplants are placed on immunosuppressants:

Accepted Answer

Persons with cardiac transplants are placed on immunosuppressants for the rest of their lives to reduce the risk of rejection of the transplanted heart. Rejection can occur at any time, even years after the transplant, so it is important to continue taking these medications.

Question 6

Mrs. G has a cardiac condition and, according to the medical report, experiences significant arrhythmias. This means that she experiences

Accepted Answer

According to the medical report, Mrs. G experiences significant arrhythmias, which means she has an irregular heart rate or rhythm. Option A is incorrect as weakened blood vessels are not mentioned in the medical report, and option B is unlikely as it is not mentioned in the report that Mrs. G needs a heart transplant. Option C could be a symptom of cardiac condition, but it is not specific to arrhythmias. Therefore, the most accurate answer is D.

Question 7

Mr. D is a 40-year-old man who has extreme difficulty functioning in his job as a lineman with the telephone company because of his peripheral vascular disease. In helping him determine job modifications which may be necessary, or other jobs which are more appropriate, you would consider that with his current condition the specific limitation(s) he experiences is/are:

Accepted Answer

Peripheral vascular disease causes reduced blood flow to the legs, which can result in pain or cramping during physical activity. Given this, Mr. D's limitation would be pain in his lower extremities when walking short distances.

Question 8

Although you realize that it is important to always consider individual differences, in general, you recognize that individuals with cardiac conditions:

Accepted Answer

Individuals with cardiac conditions can be immobilized by fear, subsequently restricting their activities more than needed. It is important to consider each individual's experience and adjust treatment accordingly, but in general, cardiac conditions can have a significant impact on a person's emotional well-being and daily functioning.

Question 9

Your client's medical report states that she experiences periods of angina pectoris, which has begun to interfere with her work as a waitress. You suspect that the way this condition interferes with her work is due to:

Accepted Answer

Angina pectoris is a condition that causes chest pain or discomfort, often triggered by physical activity or emotional stress. As the client is a waitress, which requires physical activity for long hours, the pain in her chest due to angina pectoris is likely to interfere with her work. Choices A, B, and C are not directly related to angina pectoris, and therefore, not relevant to the client's condition.

Question 10

__________________________is the term describing an abnormality of the heart rate or rhythm.

Accepted Answer

Cardiac arrhythmia is the term used to describe an abnormality of the heart rate or rhythm. Cardiac tamponade is a condition where there is excess fluid in the pericardial sac, causing compression and dysfunction of the heart. Congestive heart failure is a condition where the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, leading to symptoms such as fatigue and fluid buildup in the lungs and legs. Myocardial infarction, also known as a heart attack, occurs when there is a blockage of blood flow to the heart.

Question 11

Mr. L is a diesel truck mechanic who recently received an internal pacemaker. You have been asked to determine the suitability of his current job given the fact that he now has a pacemaker. You review the job tasks required and find that in his current job he is responsible for repair and maintenance of diesel engines, using mainly hand tools, precision measuring instruments, and machine tools. Activity on the job is moderate. Describe any precautions specifically related to the pacemaker itself which Mr. L should keep in mind.

Accepted Answer

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Question 12

Describe what is meant by cardiac arrhythmia.

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

Describe vocational implications of heart transplant.

Accepted Answer

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Question 14

Discuss psychological implications for cardiovascular conditions.

Accepted Answer

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Question 15

Discuss general vocational issues for individuals with cardiovascular conditions.

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

What are the four chambers of the heart and discuss the flow of blood through them.

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

What is atherosclerosis and what are the manifestations of this condition?

Accepted Answer

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Question 18

Explain how myocardial infarction is managed.

Accepted Answer

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Question 19

What is the difference between left-sided and right-sided heart failure?

Accepted Answer

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Quiz 28: Cardiovascular Conditions