Question 1

The third phase of ethnic identity achievement involves

Accepted Answer

The third phase of ethnic identity achievement, according to psychologist Jean Phinney, is called "Achievement" and involves creating a distinct ethnic self-concept. In this phase, individuals have fully explored their ethnic heritage and have made a conscious decision to incorporate their cultural background into their sense of self. They understand their ethnicity as a source of pride and feel comfortable interacting with both members of their own ethnic group and people from other cultures.

Question 2

The emphasis in the second phase of ethnic identity formation is on

Accepted Answer

In the second phase of ethnic identity formation, individuals explore and seek to understand their ethnic background and heritage, which helps them develop a deeper connection to their ethnic identity.

Question 3

About one-_____ of adolescents/young adults living in the United States is a member of an ethnic minority group.

Accepted Answer

Approximately one-third of adolescents/young adults in the United States belong to an ethnic minority group.

Question 4

Ford is considering driving his car onto a lake that appears to be frozen but may not be safe. He thinks to himself, "Only dummies fall through the ice in their cars, and I am no dummy, so I will drive on the ice even though I am not sure it's safe." Ford's decision best exemplifies the concept of

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ford is considering driving his car onto...

Question 5

Jerry is upset because his comedy partner, Dean, just broke up with him. When his parents attempt to console Jerry, he tells them, "It's no use-you couldn't possibly know how I feel. No one knows how I feel!" Jerry's statement is an example of

Accepted Answer

Jerry's statement reflects a belief in the personal fable, which is the tendency of adolescents to believe that their experiences and feelings are unique and incomprehensible to others. He believes that his parents, and by extension anyone else, could not possibly understand how he feels.

Question 6

Learning about one's culture and heritage sets the foundation for a person's ____ identity.

Accepted Answer

Ethnic identity refers to an individual's sense of belonging to a particular ethnic group and is shaped by factors such as cultural traditions, beliefs, and practices. Understanding one's cultural and heritage background is important for developing a strong sense of ethnic identity. Crystallized, index, and imaginary do not accurately describe the importance of cultural and heritage background for developing ethnic identity.

Question 7

Which parents are most likely to raise a teenager with high achievement status?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that parents who encourage autonomy in their children and allow for some level of independence tend to have teenagers with high achievement status. Children who are allowed some control over their own lives tend to have higher self-esteem and are more likely to set and achieve goals. Encouraging autonomy also helps teenagers develop problem-solving skills and decision-making abilities.

Question 8

Jinfa was born in the United States. His father is African and his mother is Japanese. If he is in the third state of ethnic identity development, he would most likely consider himself as

Accepted Answer

At the third state of ethnic identity development, individuals engage in exploration of their heritage and culture. Jinfa, who has roots in both Africa and Japan, would most likely consider himself as American with roots in both Africa and Japan. This choice acknowledges his multicultural background while still identifying with his American identity.

Question 9

Which statement would indicate that a teenager is in the third stage of ethnic identity development?

Accepted Answer

The third stage of ethnic identity development is called "encounter" and is characterized by an increased interest in exploring one's ethnic heritage and developing a more complex understanding of one's place within their ethnic group and society as a whole. Option A indicates the first stage of "unexamined ethnic identity," where the individual does not give much thought to their ethnicity. Option B also indicates the first stage, where the individual is not considering their ethnicity. Option D indicates the fourth stage of "ethnic identity achievement," where the individual has a strong sense of self within their ethnic group, but not necessarily in relation to society as a whole.

Question 10

Twenty-year-old Talisker emigrated to the United States from Scotland at age 12. What is his most likely ethnic identity?

Accepted Answer

Talisker moved to the United States at age 12, which is a significant enough period of his life to have formed a cultural and ethnic identity. It is likely that he still identifies as Scottish, even though he may also identify as American.

Question 11

The belief that misfortunes only happen to others is referred to as the illusion of

Accepted Answer

The belief that misfortunes only happen to others is referred to as the illusion of invulnerability. This illusion can lead to a lack of preparedness for potential negative outcomes and a feeling of shock when they do occur.

Question 12

Which statement indicates that Margareta is in the initial stage of ethnic identity development?

Accepted Answer

Margareta's statement suggests that she is in the initial stage of ethnic identity development, known as unexamined ethnic identity. This stage is characterized by a lack of awareness or interest in one's ethnic background or cultural heritage. Margareta's statement "Who cares if I am Latino?" suggests a lack of interest or emphasis on this aspect of her identity.

Question 13

What is the best description of the relationship between strength of ethnic identity and self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown a positive correlation between strength of ethnic identity and self-esteem, indicating that individuals with a stronger sense of ethnic identity tend to have higher levels of self-esteem.

Question 14

The defining feature of the personal fable is a feeling of

Accepted Answer

The personal fable is characterized by an exaggerated sense of uniqueness and feeling different from others which can result in feelings of invincibility and a belief that one's experiences and feelings are not understandable by others.

Question 15

The phenomenon whereby an individual believes that he or she is like an actor on a stage, who is under constant watch by others, is referred to as

Accepted Answer

The phenomenon described is known as the imaginary audience, in which an individual feels as though they are constantly being watched and judged by others, like an actor on a stage. A is the personal fable, which refers to the belief that one is unique and invincible. C is learned helplessness, which describes a state of feeling helpless and unable to control one's environment. D is diffusion status, which refers to a lack of commitment to a particular identity or role.

Question 16

Which statement best exemplifies the second phase of ethnic identity achievement?

Accepted Answer

The second phase of ethnic identity achievement is the exploration phase, where individuals actively explore and seek out information about their ethnic heritage. Choice D exemplifies this phase as the individual is curious about an event celebrating Scottish heritage.

Question 17

Aniston's decision to stay home from school because she thinks everyone will notice a pimple she recently discovered on her chin serves as an excellent example of

Accepted Answer

Aniston's belief that everyone will notice her pimple is an example of an imaginary audience, which is a common cognitive distortion in adolescent development where teenagers believe that their emotions, experiences, and appearance are intensely scrutinized by others. Aniston may feel self-conscious and embarrassed, leading her to avoid social situations or skip school entirely.

Question 18

Gayord sets random rules for his children to follow and enforces them without explanation. This parenting style will most likely result in Gayord's teenage children displaying a(n) _____ identity status.

Accepted Answer

Gayord's parenting style is authoritarian and can lead to a foreclosure identity status in his children. Foreclosure identity means that they have accepted their parents' beliefs and values without question, resulting in a lack of exploration of their own beliefs and values. They are also unlikely to experience any crisis in identity formation.

Question 19

Hantaywee is Native American and has absolutely no interest in learning anything about her family's Navajo culture. Which is most likely to be true concerning Hantaywee?

Accepted Answer

Hantaywee's lack of interest in her Navajo culture suggests that she is not yet fully developed in her ethnic identity. It is common for young adolescents to experience a disconnection from their cultural heritage as they navigate the complexities of identity development. Therefore, option C is the correct answer. Option A is not relevant to the scenario, and there is no indication that Hantaywee has higher self-esteem than her peers (Option B).

Question 20

Based on past research, one would predict that a strong association with American culture would have the most detrimental effects on the ethnic self-concept of

Accepted Answer

The answer of Based on past research, one would predict...

Quiz 9: Moving into the Adult Social World: Socioemotional Development in Adolescence