Question 1

A group of community health nurses are assessing the current health status of the community and note that certain individuals are not utilizing the services of the clinic. What is the best action for the nurses to take?

Accepted Answer

The nurses should conduct a community subsystem assessment to evaluate the situation. This would involve investigating the situation to determine the cause by focusing on a single dimension of community life. Increasing advertisement or offering incentives would not accomplish the goal of determining why the individuals are not utilizing the services. The nurses should meet with the local leaders to get them involved in correcting the disparity.

Question 2

A community health nurse is preparing to assess the current health care needs of the community. If the nurse desires to collect data concerning the health beliefs, which assessment method would be best?

Accepted Answer

Conducting a survey would be an appropriate assessment technique to use to collect data concerning the health beliefs of a community. Surveys are commonly used to provide a broad range of data that will be helpful when used with other sources or if other sources are not available. The other choices are other methods to collect information but would not be the most appropriate in this situation.

Question 3

A community health nurse is working to change the focus of the public health department from one of needs oriented to one of being a partner and recognizing the community's strengths. Which nursing priority will help assist make the transition?

Accepted Answer

Assets assessment begins with what is present in the community. This approach requires that the assessor look for the positive or see the glass as half full. Identifying barriers, evaluating previous programs for weaknesses, and identify local subcultures are needs oriented and conducted in response to needs, barriers, weaknesses, problems, or perceived scarcity in the community.

Question 4

A group of student nurses are discussing various resources that are available to assist in collecting and evaluating data. The instructor recognizes that the students understand the discussion when they identify which source as the most significant for providing data for the local level?

Accepted Answer

For nurses, the most significant state source of assessment data comes from the state health department. This official agency is responsible for collecting state vital statistics and morbidity data. The CDC collects information on a national level. The NIH focuses on improving the health of the nation. Nonofficial agencies have data sources generated from research they conduct that focuses on the population, disease, or condition they were developed to serve.

Question 5

The community health nurse is working with a local community in identifying the goals and objectives of a solution for a health issue. Which factors will the nurse utilize when writing the objectives? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The acronym SMART is a useful guideline when writing objectives: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Time-bound. Money required and teachable are not factors to consider when writing objectives.

Question 6

A nurse is reviewing public health models. Which model uses three practice priorities and three general categories of nursing interventions?

Accepted Answer

There are various models used in public health. Each clinic may use one or many of the models. The model that uses three practice priorities and three general categories is Salmon's construct. Salmon proposed a model to guide community health nurses using prevention/protection/promotion and three general categories of nursing intervention of education/engineering/enforcement. The Betty Neuman's Systems model focuses on the client's response to actual or potential environmental stressors and the use of primary, secondary, and tertiary nursing prevention intervention for retention, attainment, and maintenance of client system wellness. The Omaha system model is a multidisciplinary standardized interface that incorporates document of nursing assessment and interventions. Roger's model of the Science of Unitary Human Beings is a model that emphasizes the individual and environment as one unit, focusing on the individual without examining his or her environment.

Question 7

A nurse has collected information regarding death rates of children between the ages of 0 and 5 years from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). What is this data classified as?

Accepted Answer

Community health nurses can assess a wealth of official and nonofficial sources. National data are derived from two official resources: the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Local data would come from the county or locality health departments. State data are from state health departments. An international source would be the World Health Organization (WHO).

Question 8

A nurse is preparing interventions to implement a violence prevention program. Which are included in the plan?

Accepted Answer

According to the public health nursing practice model, the implementation interventions include informing/educating/empowering constituents, enforcing laws currently in place, linking or providing care, and assuring a competent workforce. Monitoring the health of the community is assessing. Preparing a nursing diagnosis would have already occurred. Examining services already in place is an example of evaluation.

Quiz 15: Community As Client