Question 1

For a pediatric patient with a pulmonary disorder who would benefit from a positive expiratory pressure device,which of the following alternatives would provide a similar effect as an acapella?

Accepted Answer

An acapella provides oscillations as air passes over a pair of magnets.To create that same effect in a device for a child would be to have the child blow into a straw in a cup of water.The water provides the resistance to exhalation and the bubbles provide the oscillations.

Question 2

Which of the following sleeping positions for an infant was advocated by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)in response to the incidence of sudden infant death syndrome?

Accepted Answer

The "Back to Sleep" campaign was launched by the NICHD in 1994 in order to decrease the incidence of SIDS.The campaign,after revision,encouraged putting infants to sleep only in the supine position.

Question 3

The child's experiences during therapy may be affected by which of the following family situations?

Accepted Answer

It is also important to consider the patient's family situation during examination.There may be many additional stressors to the family that will affect the child's experiences during therapy such as the family may be from out of town,a parent may have had to quit his or her job,there may be other children who require the parent's attention,or the family may not speak English.

Question 4

Which of the following techniques would be considered an intervention used as a tone-inhibiting technique to facilitate proper breathing mechanics in a pediatric patient?

Accepted Answer

Various tone-inhibiting techniques may be used including positioning the child in flexion in his or her extremities and trunk,rhythmic rocking,dissociating extremities,and decreased external stimulation (loud noises,bright lights,television,and siblings).

Question 5

Placing a cotton ball in the middle of a table and having the child blow the cotton ball off the table facilitates improvements in which of the following functions?

Accepted Answer

Giving a child a couple of toys to work on blowing can be as effective at encouraging deeper breathing as an incentive spirometer.

Question 6

Which of the following physiological changes related to cardiovascular/endurance training would NOT be considered a reason to terminate the exercise?

Accepted Answer

Reasons to stop exercise include chest pain,RPE of 17 or greater,dyspnea of 4,dizziness,visual changes,pale or ashen appearance,new-onset joint pain,heart rate greater than 80% of maximal heart rate,and oxygen saturation that falls below 90%.

Question 7

If a child is afraid of moving after surgery,which of the following techniques may result in the MOST success for motivating the child out of bed post surgery?

Accepted Answer

Children are often afraid to move after surgery.Medial play dolls can help children cope with experiences.It helps many children if they can do the desired activity with a doll first.

Question 8

The Trendelenburg position for postural draining and subsequent airway clearance is recommended for all ages.

Accepted Answer

In pediatrics,the Trendelenburg position is not always an appropriate position.The lower esophageal sphincter is not strong enough until 2 years of age to prevent reflux in this position.Therefore,the therapist should never use or recommend the Trendelenburg position in children younger than 2 years old.

Question 9

If the normal patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)in a fetus remains open,then which of the following respiratory conditions occurs within the first 12 hours of infancy life?

Accepted Answer

PDA is normal anatomy as a fetus.Within hours to days of birth,the PDA spontaneously closes in response to prostaglandin E1 levels dropping after birth.When it remains open,persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn can result.

Question 10

Which of the following pediatric diagnoses is considered a connective tissue disease that is commonly associated with aortic aneurysm and aortic/mitral insufficiency?

Accepted Answer

Marfan syndrome is a connective tissue disease that is commonly associated with aortic aneurysm and aortic/mitral insufficiency.The connective tissues of the cardiac valves and great arteries are affected.

Quiz 20: Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy