Question 1

During a given semester, the most important people, the ones who truly influence how I behave and what I do in the classroom, are my present students. Past students and my colleagues really do not affect how I behave. My present students can be considered a:

Accepted Answer

A reference group is a group that individuals use as a standard for evaluating themselves and their own behavior. In this context, the present students serve as a reference group influencing the teacher's behavior in the classroom.

Question 2

Soon I will be going up for tenure. For that reason, I am trying to accomplish what my peers expect of me and avoid the things they do not like. Which term best applies to this scenario?

Accepted Answer

A positive reference group is one that an individual aspires to join or emulate, and in this scenario, the individual is trying to meet the expectations of their peers, indicating they view them as a positive reference group.

Question 3

The norms operating in groups determine the behavior each individual can perform. What we are talking about is a person's:

Accepted Answer

A person's role in a group is determined by the norms and expectations of that group, guiding their behavior.

Question 4

A _____ in a group is a position that has norms attached to it specifying appropriate behavior for an individual.

Accepted Answer

A role in a group is a position that has norms attached to it specifying appropriate behavior for an individual.

Question 5

There are two types of leaders. _____ leaders refers to the group members who take responsibility for seeing that the group completes its task whereas _____ keep the group working as a unit with as little negativity as possible.

Accepted Answer

Instrumental leaders focus on completing tasks, while social-emotional leaders maintain group cohesion and positivity.

Question 6

What general conclusion can be drawn from Zimbardo's Prison Study?

Accepted Answer

Zimbardo's Prison Study demonstrated that social roles and situational factors can heavily influence individuals' behavior, often leading them to act in ways they might not typically consider.

Question 7

In Zimbardo's Prison Study:

Accepted Answer

All of the statements are true about Zimbardo's Prison Study.

Question 8

The performance-enhancing effect of the presence of others is known as:

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation refers to the tendency for people to perform better on simple tasks when in the presence of others.

Question 9

According to social facilitation:

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation refers to the tendency for people to perform better on well-learned tasks when in the presence of others.

Question 10

I'm not very good at shooting pool, although I enjoy it anyway. It is reasonable to assume that the presence of an audience will cause me to

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation suggests that the presence of an audience can enhance performance on well-learned tasks but can impair performance on tasks that are not well-learned or are difficult, such as shooting pool for someone who is not very good at it.

Question 11

It is a strange thing. If I ask five people to independently work on a project, they will complete each of their parts in less than an hour. However, if I put those people together, it takes about three times longer to get the same job done. In psychology, this is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Social loafing refers to the phenomenon where individuals exert less effort when working in a group compared to when they work alone.

Question 12

According to your textbook, adopting an autocratic leadership style will likely lead to:

Accepted Answer

Autocratic leadership often results in good performance when the leader is present due to clear directives, but can lead to discontent among team members due to lack of input and autonomy.

Question 13

According to your textbook, adopting a democratic leadership style will likely lead to:

Accepted Answer

Satisfaction and highly motivated group members are the likely outcomes of adopting a democratic leadership style.

Question 14

According to your textbook, adopting a laissez-faire leadership style will likely lead to:

Accepted Answer

Laissez-faire leadership often results in a lack of direction and support, leading to inefficient and unsatisfying work as group members may feel unguided and unmotivated.

Question 15

In the Kurt Lewin study of the effects of leadership style, the group that had laissez-faire leadership:

Accepted Answer

The group with laissez-faire leadership was neither satisfied nor efficient because this style often leads to a lack of direction and motivation, resulting in poor performance and dissatisfaction.

Question 16

Culture also influences the efficacy of leadership styles. In the United States, managers tend to be more concerned with _____, whereas in China managers tend to be more concerned with _____.

Accepted Answer

In the United States, leadership often emphasizes productivity and results, while in China, there is a cultural emphasis on harmony and maintaining good relationships within the workplace.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a principle of social influence discussed in your textbook?:

Accepted Answer

The principle of satisfaction is not a principle of social influence discussed in the textbook.

Question 18

I ask a colleague if she would be kind enough to read over a paper I just finished writing. When I tell her it is about 56 pages long, she regretfully declines due to too much of her own work to do. When I ask her to read the 10 page long introduction, she agrees. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

The door-in-the-face technique involves making a large request that is likely to be refused, followed by a smaller request that is more likely to be accepted. In this scenario, the initial request to read the entire 56-page paper is declined, but the smaller request to read the 10-page introduction is accepted.

Question 19

A friend asks me to do him a favor and pick up his wife's birthday gift. I agree. Just as I am about to leave, he says, "Since you are going to be passing by the florist anyway, would you mind also picking up some red roses for me? I agree. This exemplifies which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A friend asks me to do him...

Question 20

Differentiate between situational and dispositional variables. In terms of human behavior, which do YOU think has a greater influence? Or do you think that they are equivalent forces affecting people's behavior? Provide an example that supports your viewpoint and thinking.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Differentiate between situational and dispositional variables. In...

Quiz 17: Interpersonal Processes