Question 1

Diversity can provide competitive advantage for a firm and is easy to implement.

Accepted Answer

Diversity can indeed provide a competitive advantage by bringing in varied perspectives, enhancing creativity, and improving decision-making. However, implementing diversity effectively is challenging and requires significant effort in changing organizational culture, overcoming biases, and ensuring inclusive practices.

Question 2

According to Hofstede's dimensions of national cultures,the degree to which a society emphasizes short-term or long-term goals is called:

Accepted Answer

The degree to which a society emphasizes short-term or long-term goals is called time orientation, which is one of Hofstede's dimensions of national cultures. Uncertainty avoidance refers to how comfortable a society is with ambiguity and uncertainty, individualism-collectivism refers to the degree to which the society values individualism vs. collectivism, and power distance refers to the acceptance of power inequalities in a society.

Question 3

Hofstede was concerned about the tendency for people to assume that generalized cultural values could be applied to all members of a culture.He called this tendency __________.

Accepted Answer

Hofstede called this tendency the "ecological fallacy." It refers to the assumption that what applies to the majority of a population automatically applies to all individuals within that population. This assumption can be problematic because it ignores the variations and individual differences that can exist within a culture.

Question 4

According to Hofstede's dimensions of national cultures,which is the degree to which a society values assertiveness and materialism?

Accepted Answer

Masculinity-femininity is the dimension that measures the degree to which a society values assertiveness and materialism. High masculinity cultures value competitiveness, achievement, and wealth, while feminine cultures prioritize relationships, quality of life, and caring for others.

Question 5

Hall argues that we need to be aware of more than just the verbal languages of other countries; his emphasis on "silent languages" refers to understanding communication context,the perspective of time,and the use of space.

Accepted Answer

Hall's concept of "silent languages" refers to nonverbal aspects of communication, including context, time, and space.

Question 6

_________ includes race,gender,age,and other individual differences.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _________ includes race,gender,age,and other individual differences....

Question 7

Affirmative action is the most effective and efficient way to implement and benefit from diversity.

Accepted Answer

Affirmative action has been criticized for being discriminatory and for perpetuating the idea of "reverse discrimination." It also does not address the root causes of inequality and can lead to tokenism, where individuals are hired solely based on their minority status rather than their qualifications. Alternative strategies such as diversity training, outreach programs, and creating an inclusive workplace culture have been found to be more effective and efficient in promoting diversity.

Question 8

Proxemics is the study of how people use personal time to communicate.

Accepted Answer

Proxemics is actually the study of how people use space to communicate, not time. It was coined by anthropologist Edward T. Hall to refer to the cultural and personal meanings that people attach to space and how they use it to communicate.

Question 9

The positive model for diversity is to achieve masculine status as an organization.

Accepted Answer

Achieving masculine status as an organization is not a positive model for diversity. It can perpetuate gender discrimination and exclude individuals who do not conform to traditional masculine traits. A positive model for diversity includes embracing and valuing differences in gender, race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, and other identities.

Question 10

According to Hofstede's five dimensions of national cultures,the United States is more accepting of uncertainty than is Japan.

Accepted Answer

Hofstede's dimension of uncertainty avoidance measures a society's tolerance for ambiguity and uncertainty. The United States has a relatively low score on this dimension, indicating a greater willingness to take risks and tolerate unpredictable situations compared to Japan, which has a higher score on this dimension, indicating a greater preference for structure and stability.

Question 11

Awareness of the glass ceiling has resulted in a significant improvement in the number of women in senior management positions.

Accepted Answer

While awareness of the glass ceiling has led to some progress, significant disparities still exist, and women remain underrepresented in senior management positions globally.

Question 12

The stages of adjustment to culture shock are a series of steady improvements after the initial stage of confusion.

Accepted Answer

The stages of adjustment to culture shock typically include initial euphoria, followed by frustration, gradual adjustment, and eventual adaptation, rather than a series of steady improvements.

Question 13

Culture shock deals with the ability to adapt to new cultures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Culture shock deals with the ability to...

Question 14

Research suggests that biculturalism is a positive step in resolving the diversity issue.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research suggests that biculturalism is a positive...

Question 15

A culture that is high in uncertainty avoidance would be known for its entrepreneurial spirit.

Accepted Answer

A culture that is high in uncertainty avoidance tends to prefer stability and predictability, which are not typically associated with an entrepreneurial spirit.

Question 16

Another way to view monochronic cultures is as a group of flexible multi-taskers.

Accepted Answer

Monochronic cultures are actually known for doing one task at a time and valuing punctuality, so they are not typically viewed as multi-taskers.

Question 17

Subcultures are necessary to achieve organizational diversity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Subcultures are necessary to achieve organizational diversity....

Question 18

Ethnocentrism is necessary to establishing organizational diversity.

Accepted Answer

Ethnocentrism refers to the belief that one's own cultural group is superior to others. This type of thinking is harmful to establishing organizational diversity as it promotes a lack of understanding and intolerance towards individuals from different cultures. In order to establish diversity, it is important to embrace a culture of inclusion and respect for different perspectives and backgrounds.

Question 19

The most highly individualistic country,according to Hofstede's sample,is __________.

Accepted Answer

According to Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory, the United States is the most highly individualistic country of the sample countries he studied. This means that the culture tends to prioritize individual goals and achievements over group harmony and collective goals.

Question 20

Harris and Conference Board polls report that younger workers tend to be more satisfied with their jobs than older workers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Harris and Conference Board polls report that...

Quiz 16: Diversity and Global Cultures