Question 1

The lynchpin to President Wilson's philosophy, that the security of nations would be achieved through membership in an international organization dedicated to maintaining order and cooperation, is called

Accepted Answer

The lynchpin to President Wilson's philosophy was collective security, which he believed could be achieved through membership in an international organization that would ensure cooperation and maintain order among nations.

Question 2

The policy known as detente was employed when

Accepted Answer

The policy of detente was a period of relaxed tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1970s, marked by diplomatic openings and arms control agreements. It aimed to ease Cold War tensions and avoid a nuclear war. Therefore, Option C is the correct answer.

Question 3

Which one of the following is true of U.S.foreign policy in the post-Cold War period?

Accepted Answer

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the United States emerged as the sole global superpower, and its foreign policy has been dedicated to promoting liberal economic and democratic values around the world. This has been evident in the promotion of free trade agreements, democratization efforts, and military interventions aimed at promoting human rights and protecting civilians. While there have been notable continuities with Cold War foreign policy, such as maintaining military alliances around the world, the post-Cold War era has been characterized by a more assertive and interventionist foreign policy aimed at promoting American interests and values on the global stage.

Question 4

The Korean War was the first test of the policy of

Accepted Answer

The Korean War was the first test of the policy of containment, which was a U.S. foreign policy strategy aimed at preventing the spread of communism.

Question 5

The idea that wealth and power go together and that the nation should pursue policies designed to increase its wealth is known as

Accepted Answer

The idea that wealth and power go together and that the nation should pursue policies to increase its wealth is the core tenet of mercantilism.

Question 6

__________ means a nation is the dominant nation in a particular geographic area.

Accepted Answer

Hegemony refers to a situation where a powerful nation is dominant in a particular geographic area. This can involve political, economic, and/or cultural influence over other nations in the same region. Imperialism can be a component of hegemony, but it specifically refers to the practice of extending one nation's influence over foreign territories or peoples. Unilateralism refers to a foreign policy approach where a nation acts without seeking the agreement or cooperation of other nations. Mercantilism is an economic theory that emphasizes the importance of maximizing a nation's exports while minimizing imports. Neutrality refers to a foreign policy approach where a nation avoids taking sides in conflicts between other nations.

Question 7

Which theory of international relations asserts that cooperation among nations is limited by the competitive strategies that they must adopt in an international environment lacking institutions capable of enforcing good behavior?

Accepted Answer

Realism is the theory of international relations that asserts that cooperation among nations is limited by the competitive strategies that they must adopt in an international environment lacking institutions capable of enforcing good behavior. According to realism, nations are self-interested and prioritize their own security and interests, leading to competitive behavior rather than cooperation.

Question 8

During Jefferson's time, the United States opted not to play an active role in the European balance of power; this is an example of

Accepted Answer

The fact that the United States opted not to play an active role in the European balance of power during Jefferson's time is an example of isolationism. Isolationism is the policy or doctrine of isolating one's country from the affairs of other nations by declining to enter into alliances, foreign economic commitments, international agreements, and generally avoiding involvement in wars, foreign disputes, or other controversies with other nations.

Question 9

"Nations are free to act according to their interests as they define them." This statement reflects which theory of international relations?

Accepted Answer

This statement reflects the core principles of realism, which emphasizes that states prioritize their own interests above all else and behave strategically to maximize their power and security in the international system.

Question 10

At what point, and under which president, has American foreign policy been unambiguously driven by ideal liberal tenets?

Accepted Answer

Woodrow Wilson's foreign policy was driven by ideal liberal tenets, which he called "The Fourteen Points." These included principles such as self-determination for nations, free trade and open diplomacy, and the creation of an international organization for resolving conflicts. Wilson saw World War I as an opportunity to promote these ideals and played a major role in the negotiations that led to the Treaty of Versailles and the creation of the League of Nations. Despite opposition and ultimately rejection of the treaty by the US Senate, Wilson's vision for liberal internationalism was a significant influence on American foreign policy for decades to come.

Question 11

The use of military power in the prevention of major threats to American security, especially in helping to prevent wars from breaking out among the great powers of the world, is referred to as

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of selective engagement, which involves using military intervention to prevent major threats to American security but being selective about when and where to intervene. It is different from aggressive engagement, which involves a more proactive and assertive approach to foreign policy, and preventive isolationism, which involves avoiding any involvement in international conflicts. Containment refers specifically to the policy of preventing the spread of communism during the Cold War and is not a comprehensive foreign policy approach. Intense institutionalists is not a recognized term in international relations.

Question 12

Compared to President Wilson's utopian liberalism, contemporary liberals are more

Accepted Answer

Contemporary liberals are more pragmatic in their approach compared to President Wilson's utopian liberalism. They focus more on practical solutions rather than on achieving an idealistic utopia.

Question 13

Neo-liberal institutionalists believe that international institutions or regimes

Accepted Answer

Neo-liberal institutionalists believe that international institutions or regimes facilitate cooperation on important global issues by providing a framework for communication, negotiations, and monitoring. While promoting harmony is an ultimate goal, the focus is on achieving cooperation and coordination. The other options are not key factors in the neo-liberal institutionalist perspective.

Question 14

The Roosevelt era demonstrated that American __________ was giving away to __________ in international affairs.

Accepted Answer

The Roosevelt era marked a shift from noninterventionism to active involvement in international affairs, as seen in policies like the Good Neighbor Policy and increased engagement in global conflicts.

Question 15

After World War II, the United States played the critical role in founding the

Accepted Answer

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was founded in 1949, in the aftermath of World War II, and the United States played a critical role in its establishment. NATO was formed as a collective defense organization between North American and European countries, in order to provide for the mutual defense of member nations against any potential external threat.

Question 16

Which policy declared the United States the dominant power in the Western Hemisphere?

Accepted Answer

The Monroe Doctrine, announced by President James Monroe in 1823, declared that the United States would not tolerate European intervention in the affairs of independent nations in the Western Hemisphere and that the U.S. would be the dominant power in the region. This policy has had a lasting impact on U.S. foreign policy and relations with Latin America.

Question 17

__________ may result when nations work to increase their armaments and create alliances to block the aggressive attempts of other nations to dominate the international system.

Accepted Answer

The concept of a balance of power refers to a state of relative stability in international relations, where no single nation or group of nations is dominant or able to dictate terms to others. This is achieved through nations increasing their armaments and forming alliances in order to prevent other nations from becoming too powerful. This balance of power is seen as essential to preventing war, as it reduces the likelihood of any one nation being able to achieve dominance and impose its will on others.

Question 18

Which one of the following has social science research found with respect to democracies and war?

Accepted Answer

Social science research has generally found that democracies are more willing to wage war against nondemocratic states, possibly due to democratic leaders feeling they have a mandate from their citizens to promote democratic values and protect human rights. However, this is not to say that democracies always choose to go to war or that they are immune to conflicts.

Question 19

Liberalism maintains that capitalism and democracy, as well as international institutions, can lead to

Accepted Answer

Liberalism believes that capitalism and democracy can lead to enduring cooperation among nations, as well as the importance of international institutions like the United Nations in promoting peaceful relations and resolving conflicts. It rejects military regimes and anarchism as viable options for promoting global stability.

Question 20

The core concept guiding realism is

Accepted Answer

The core concept guiding realism is anarchy, which means that there is no world government or central authority to maintain order among the states. Realists believe that this condition of anarchy leads to a constant rivalry among states in their pursuit of power and security.

Quiz 14: Foreign Policy