Question 1

According to Freud,if we experience conflict during a stage of our development,this could result in ________,which means that later in life we will have a tendency to return to behaviours reminiscent of that stage.

Accepted Answer

According to Freudian theory, fixation occurs when an individual's psychosexual development becomes arrested at a specific stage due to unresolved conflicts. This can lead to personality traits and behaviors that are characteristic of that stage, which may continue to manifest later in life.

Question 2

When does the ego start to emerge?

Accepted Answer

The ego begins to emerge during the child's first year as they start to interact with the world and develop a sense of self separate from others.

Question 3

The oldest scientific perspective on child development is the ______________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

The psychodynamic perspective, developed by Sigmund Freud in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, is the oldest scientific perspective on child development.

Question 4

Freud proposed that children develop in stages.In order,these stages are

Accepted Answer

This is the correct order of Freud's proposed stages of development - starting with the oral stage, followed by anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages.

Question 5

Freud's psychodynamic theory contributed to the field of child development by suggesting that

Accepted Answer

Freud proposed that early experiences, particularly those related to the development of the personality, laid the groundwork for future behaviour and psychological functioning. He emphasized the importance of early childhood experiences and the influence of early relationships with caregivers on later development. Thus, option B, which suggests that early experiences establish enduring patterns, is the best choice. None of the other options (A, C, or D) reflect Freud's ideas accurately.

Question 6

The moral agent in a child's personality is the

Accepted Answer

The superego is responsible for internalizing society's moral standards and values, and it develops as a child grows and learns about right and wrong from their parents, teachers, and other authority figures. It is the part of the personality that acts as the moral agent, regulating and controlling the impulses of the id to ensure that the individual behaves in accordance with societal norms and expectations.

Question 7

Emerson is five years old.She has started to internalize the difference between right and wrong.Which of Freud's three structures has most recently been developed in Emerson?

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, the superego is the structure that represents internalized societal and parental values and morals, and it starts to develop around ages 4-5. Therefore, the most recently developed structure in Emerson is likely the superego.

Question 8

Erikson's theory suggests that 16-year-old Glenn is likely to be facing the challenge of

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory, adolescence is the stage where the individual's primary challenge is identity vs role confusion. This involves developing a sense of who they are as a person, including their beliefs, values, and goals, and understanding how they fit into society. At 16, Glenn is likely in the middle of this stage and facing the challenge of figuring out who he is and who he wants to be.

Question 9

The first of Erikson's stages focuses on the issue of

Accepted Answer

The first stage of Erikson's theory is trust vs. mistrust, which occurs during infancy. This stage focuses on the development of trust in the world and the people around them. If a child's needs are consistently met with warmth and consistency, they develop a sense of trust in their caregivers and in the world around them. If their needs are not consistently met, they may develop a sense of mistrust and suspicion towards others.

Question 10

Erikson emphasized

Accepted Answer

Erikson's theory of psychosocial development emphasizes the psychological and social aspects of development, including the importance of social interactions, relationships, and personality development throughout the lifespan. While he acknowledged the role of biological and environmental factors in development, his focus was on the psychological and social domains. Cognitive development, on the other hand, is emphasized by theorists like Piaget and Vygotsky.

Question 11

Sigmund Freud's psychodynamic theory

Accepted Answer

Freud's psychodynamic theory emphasized the influence of early experiences, particularly those related to childhood sexuality and the development of the personality, on later development.

Question 12

Jill was the first moving object a newly hatched chick saw.The chick later followed her around,just as if Jill were the chick's mother.The chick's behaviour is a result of

Accepted Answer

This behavior is a classic example of imprinting, which is a rapid, learned response to a specific stimulus such as the first moving object seen after hatching. Imprinting is a unique form of learning that occurs only during a specific time in an animal's life, and it can have long-term effects on behavior. Maturation, tabula rasa, and self-efficacy are not applicable in this situation.

Question 13

If an ego could talk,it might say

Accepted Answer

The answer of If an ego could talk,it might say
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Question 14

Erikson proposed that,late in life,individuals face their final psychosocial crisis:

Accepted Answer

Erikson's final psychosocial crisis is integrity vs. despair, which occurs in late adulthood. During this stage, individuals reflect on their life and experiences, and may either feel a sense of satisfaction and wholeness (integrity) or regret and dissatisfaction (despair). Option A (industry vs. inferiority) is the psychosocial crisis that occurs during middle childhood, while option B (generativity vs. stagnation) occurs during middle adulthood, and option C (intimacy vs. isolation) occurs during early adulthood.

Question 15

Freud based his psychodynamic theory on

Accepted Answer

Freud developed his psychodynamic theory based on the case histories of his patients that he treated as a psychoanalyst.

Question 16

Psychosocial theory is associated with

Accepted Answer

Psychosocial theory is mainly associated with Erik Erikson, who proposed that individuals go through eight stages of development throughout their lifespan, each with its own psychosocial crisis or challenge to overcome.

Question 17

The id

Accepted Answer

The id is the primitive and unconscious part of the psyche that seeks immediate gratification of bodily desires such as hunger, thirst, and sexual impulses. It operates on the pleasure principle and seeks immediate satisfaction without regard for consequences or social norms.

Question 18

Creating an emotional bond with the mother is sometimes called

Accepted Answer

Creating an emotional bond with the mother is commonly referred to as imprinting. This process involves a newborn animal recognizing and attaching to its mother, which is often vital for its survival in the early stages of life. Imprinting can occur in various species, including birds, mammals, and reptiles.

Question 19

Erikson proposed a ________ theory in which development consists of a sequence of stages,each defined by a unique crisis or challenge.

Accepted Answer

Erikson proposed a psychosocial theory in which development consists of eight stages, each defined by a unique crisis or challenge. These stages span from infancy to old age and involve resolving conflicts related to trust, autonomy, identity, intimacy, and more.

Question 20

Hedy lives according to the philosophy "If it feels good,do it." Hedy's personality appears to be dominated by her

Accepted Answer

Hedy's philosophy of "If it feels good, do it" suggests impulsiveness and a lack of concern for consequences, which are characteristics of the id according to Freud's psychoanalytic theory.

Quiz 1: The Science of Child Development