Question 1

Teenagers' tendency to believe that their experiences and feelings are unique,and that no one has ever felt or thought as they do is known as

Accepted Answer

The personal fable refers to the belief of many teenagers that their experiences and feelings are unique and that nobody else has ever felt or thought as they do. This can sometimes lead them to believe that they are invincible or immune to negative consequences. Option B, the imaginary audience, refers to the belief that others are constantly watching and judging them. Option C, the illusion of invulnerability, refers to the belief that one is invincible and immune to harm. Option D, hypothetical reasoning, refers to the ability to think logically about abstract concepts and possibilities.

Question 2

Abby is 6 years old while Sheena is 13 years old.Compared to Abby's self-description,Sheena's self-description is likely to be

Accepted Answer

As children get older, their self-descriptions tend to become more abstract and focused on traits or personality characteristics rather than physical attributes. Therefore, Sheena's self-description is likely to be more abstract than Abby's.

Question 3

Chan's self-concept includes statements about his attitudes,personality traits,religious beliefs,and occupational goals.How old is Chan?

Accepted Answer

Chan's self-concept includes attitudes, personality traits, religious beliefs, and occupational goals, which are typically developed during adolescence. Therefore, Chan is most likely fifteen years old.

Question 4

Rina's self-concept includes mention of emotions,social groups to which she belongs,and comparisons of herself to others.How old is Rina?

Accepted Answer

At eight years old, children typically begin to understand and describe themselves in terms of emotions, social groups, and comparisons to others, reflecting a more complex self-concept.

Question 5

Evidence for growing self-awareness between the ages of 18 and 24 months includes the fact that children of this age

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that by 18-24 months, children are able to identify themselves by name, gender, and age. They may point to themselves in photos or videos and use personal pronouns to refer to themselves ("me" or "I"). This indicates a growing self-awareness and understanding of their own identity. Choices A and B are not accurate, as children of this age are generally able to recognize themselves in a mirror and show interest in photos or videos of themselves. Choice C is partially true, as children may not consistently refer to themselves by name, but they do have other ways of indicating their awareness of themselves as a distinct individual.

Question 6

Sixteen-year-old Ingrid discovered a spot on her blouse after she arrived at school.Ingrid is afraid that everyone will notice the spot and think she is stupid.Which of the following best describes Ingrid's beliefs?

Accepted Answer

Ingrid is concerned with how others will perceive her and is convinced that everyone will notice the spot on her blouse. This is a classic example of the imaginary audience, which is a belief that adolescents have that everyone is watching and judging their every move.

Question 7

The self-absorption characteristic of the teen-age search for identity is called

Accepted Answer

Adolescent egocentrism refers to the self-absorption characteristic of the teen-age search for identity. It involves believing that one is the center of other people's attention and feeling that one's experiences and feelings are unique and more intense than those of others.

Question 8

Adolescent egocentrism is characterized by

Accepted Answer

Adolescent egocentrism is characterized by a belief that they are the focus of others' thinking. Teenagers tend to think that others are constantly watching and evaluating their behavior, appearance, and thoughts. This is often seen in the way that teenagers become self-conscious and concerned about their social image, and sometimes feel that they are always "on stage." While options A and B relate to aspects of egocentrism, they are not fully representative of this characteristic. Option D is not related to egocentrism.

Question 9

Fifteen-year-old Angela's belief that she is,in effect,an actor whose performance is watched constantly by her peers is a phenomenon referred to as

Accepted Answer

The phenomenon described in the question is called the imaginary audience, which is the belief that one is constantly being watched and judged by others, especially peers. This is a common experience during adolescence, as teenagers become more self-conscious and concerned about their image and social status. The other options listed (personal fable, illusion of invulnerability, perspective-taking) are also related to adolescent development, but do not describe the specific phenomenon described in the question.

Question 10

Self-awareness is usually well established by the age of

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that self-awareness usually develops between 18-24 months, which falls under the age of two years. This is when children start recognizing themselves in a mirror or in a photograph, and understanding that their own thoughts and feelings may differ from those of others. Therefore, Option C is the best choice.

Question 11

Two-year-old Chris "helps" his dad change the oil in the car and ends up with a black oil streak on his cheek.When they come into the house,his dad takes him into the bathroom to clean up.Based on what you know about self-awareness in two-year-olds,what would you expect Chris to do when he looks in the mirror?

Accepted Answer

Based on research on self-awareness in two-year-olds, we would expect Chris to be able to recognize himself in the mirror and to touch the spot on his own face, demonstrating a rudimentary sense of self-awareness. Option B is unlikely because two-year-olds typically do not understand the concept of mirrors reflecting their own image. Option C may occur if Chris is unsure of what the spot on his face means, but it is not the most likely response. Option D is not supported by research on self-awareness in two-year-olds.

Question 12

If you ask Eva,a preschooler,to describe herself she is most likely to say

Accepted Answer

Preschoolers often describe themselves using concrete, observable characteristics such as physical attributes, rather than abstract traits or abilities.

Question 13

The foundation or first step of developing a self-concept occurs when children

Accepted Answer

The foundation or first step of developing a self-concept occurs when children become aware that they exist independently of other people and objects in the environment. This is known as self-awareness and it is a crucial component of developing a sense of self.

Question 14

Dr.Jones conducts a study in which he places a red mark on toddlers' noses and then places them in front of a mirror.Dr.Jones appears to be interested in

Accepted Answer

The act of placing a red mark on the toddlers' noses and then placing them in front of a mirror suggests that Dr. Jones is interested in assessing the toddlers' ability to recognize themselves in the reflection and therefore measuring their level of self-awareness.

Question 15

Veronica describes herself as an "ambitious,fun-loving Catholic who is going to be a nurse someday." Veronica is probably

Accepted Answer

The mention of ambition and future career indicates a level of maturity beyond that of a toddler or preschooler. Additionally, the mention of being Catholic suggests a religious background and upbringing that is more common among older children and adolescents. Therefore, it is most likely that Veronica is an adolescent.

Question 16

As children grow from preschoolers to adolescents,their self-concepts become

Accepted Answer

As children grow and develop, their self-concepts become more elaborate and richer. This means that they develop a more complex and nuanced understanding of who they are, including their strengths, weaknesses, and unique qualities. This is a natural part of the developmental process as children gain more experiences and perspective on themselves and the world around them.

Question 17

The attitudes,behaviours,and values that a person believes make them a unique individual are referred to as the person's

Accepted Answer

Self-concept refers to the beliefs and attitudes that a person has about themselves. It includes their understanding of their personal attributes, abilities, and values.

Question 18

Between the ages of six and eight,children's descriptions of themselves are likely to

Accepted Answer

The answer of Between the ages of six and eight,children's...

Question 19

A three-year-old celebrating a birthday understands that she's an older version of the same person who had a birthday a year before.She is

Accepted Answer

The ability to recognize continuity in the self over time is an indication of developing a sense of self-identity and awareness, and a three-year-old celebrating a birthday shows this. It suggests that the child understands that she is the same person who celebrated a birthday a year before, and this reflects a growing understanding that her personal identity endures over time.

Question 20

Who is most likely to recognize continuity in the self over time?

Accepted Answer

Self-awareness is a crucial factor in recognizing continuity in the self over time. As Parker is self-aware, he is more likely than Denton (who is not self-aware) to recognize continuity in the self over time. However, it is important to note that even self-awareness does not guarantee that a two-year-old child will fully comprehend the concept of continuity in the self over time.

Quiz 11: Understanding Self and Others