Question 1

Annie has a disorganized (disoriented) attachment relationship with her mother.In the Strange Situation she

Accepted Answer

The answer of Annie has a disorganized (disoriented) attachment relationship...

Question 2

As an adult,Michelle remembers her childhood as happy and her parents as warm and generous although favouring her brother over her.Michelle has a(n) ________ attachment representation.

Accepted Answer

Michelle's positive recollection of her childhood and her parents' warmth and generosity, despite some favoritism, suggests a secure attachment representation.

Question 3

A secure attachment is most likely to occur when

Accepted Answer

A secure attachment is most likely to occur when parents are sensitive and responsive to their baby. This means that parents can tune in to their child's needs and respond in a consistent and loving manner. Spending time with the child may be important, but it is not the only factor in developing a secure attachment. Inconsistent responses can lead to confusion and anxiety in the child. Finally, a difficult temperament may make it harder for parents to respond appropriately, but it does not necessarily determine whether a secure attachment will form.

Question 4

A researcher conducts a study using the Strange Situation.The researcher is studying

Accepted Answer

The Strange Situation is a standardized procedure used to assess attachment relationships between infants and their caregivers, making choice D the most appropriate answer. The procedure involves separating the infant from their caregiver and exposing them to a series of stress-inducing situations to observe their behavior and reaction when the caregiver leaves and then returns. This allows researchers to assess the quality of the attachment relationship and the ways in which infants use the caregiver as a secure base to explore their environment. The Strange Situation is not primarily focused on the stability of temperament, the development of basic emotions, or infants' recognition of others' emotions, though these factors may play a role in the infant's behavior during the procedure.

Question 5

Adults with a dismissive attachment representation describe their childhood experiences

Accepted Answer

Adults with a dismissive attachment representation tend to idealize their parents and describe their childhood experiences in very general terms. They may minimize or avoid negative memories and emotions about their parents or childhood.

Question 6

What advice would you give to parents who want their infants to become securely attached to them?

Accepted Answer

The best option is D, which suggests responding to the infant predictably and sensitively. This is important in establishing secure attachment, as responsiveness helps infants feel secure and safe. Options A, B, and C are not recommended, as having a rigid personality style, not responding to infant crying, and placing children in full-time day care can negatively affect attachment and emotional development.

Question 7

Craig gets very upset when he begins talking about his childhood,which he does quite often,remembering his parents as being unfair and unkind to him.Craig appears to have a(n) ________ attachment representation.

Accepted Answer

Craig's tendency to frequently talk about his childhood and become upset when doing so suggests a preoccupation with his attachment experiences. He remembers his parents as being unfair and unkind, which may indicate a negative view of others and a lack of trust in close relationships. This aligns with the preoccupied attachment representation.

Question 8

When Kylie's mother left her at the babysitter's house,Kylie was upset and cried.When Kylie's mother returned,Kylie was still angry and would not be consoled by her mother.Which type of attachment does Kylie seem to have?

Accepted Answer

Kylie's behavior suggests that she has an insecure-resistant attachment style. This is characterized by a child who is upset and cries when the primary caregiver leaves, and remains upset and angry upon their return, showing difficulty in being soothed or comforted. This suggests that Kylie may have experienced inconsistent or unpredictable caregiving in the past, leading to anxiety about her caregiver's availability and responsiveness.

Question 9

The majority of North American babies have ________ attachment relationships.

Accepted Answer

Studies have found that the majority (about 60-70%) of North American babies have secure attachment relationships, where they feel safe and comfortable with their primary caregiver and use them as a secure base to explore the world around them. The remaining babies may have various forms of insecure attachment, including avoidant, resistant, or disorganized (disoriented).

Question 10

Worldwide,secure attachment is the most common form.In most countries,roughly 55 to 70 percent of infants are classified as being securely attached.What else is true about patterns of attachment worldwide?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the percentage of infants in the different categories of insecure attachment varies across cultures, with some cultures having higher rates of avoidant or resistant attachment, while others have higher rates of disorganized attachment. Insecure attachment is present in all cultures, although the specific forms may vary. Option B and C are incorrect, as they suggest that either insecure attachment does not exist or only exists in a limited form in Eastern cultures, which is not supported by research. Option D is also incorrect, as research has not shown any significant differences in outcomes for securely attached children across different countries.

Question 11

Jude is an adult who describes her own childhood in very general terms and seems to idealize her parents.Which type of attachment representation does Jude seem to have?

Accepted Answer

Jude's idealized description of her parents and lack of specific details about her childhood suggests a dismissive attachment representation. This may indicate a tendency to suppress or avoid emotions related to her past experiences with her parents.

Question 12

When Aida's mother left her with a new babysitter,Aida was not upset.When her mother returned,Aida ignored her.Aida appears to have a(n) ________ attachment to her mother.

Accepted Answer

Aida's lack of upset when her mother left and ignoring her when she returned is indicative of avoidance attachment. Children with avoidant attachment tend to ignore or avoid their caregivers when they return after a separation, and may not seek comfort or contact from them.

Question 13

According to the Early Child Care study,children whose mothers work outside the home

Accepted Answer

The Early Child Care study found that children whose mothers worked outside the home and showed less sensitive mothering combined with low quality or large amounts of day care were more likely to develop insecure attachments. The study did not find a direct correlation between maternal employment and insecure attachments, but rather a combination of factors. Therefore, option C is the best choice.

Question 14

Which infant is most likely to form a secure attachment?

Accepted Answer

Infants who have caregivers that respond predictably and appropriately to their needs are more likely to form a secure attachment. Option B mentions a difficult temperament, which could make attachment more challenging, and option D mentions a rigid personality style which may make it difficult for the mother to be responsive to the infant's needs. Option C's mention of sleeping in a dormitory with other children under 12 is not necessarily related to attachment.

Question 15

Sensitive parenting is most strongly associated with what kind of adult attachment representation?

Accepted Answer

Sensitive parenting is associated with secure adult attachment representation. This means that individuals who have experienced sensitive parenting are more likely to have a positive view of themselves and others, feel comfortable with intimacy, and have effective coping strategies.

Question 16

As infants,Nate was securely attached and Will was insecurely attached.In their preschool years,you would expect to find

Accepted Answer

Research shows that infants who were securely attached tend to demonstrate better social skills, including better relationships with peers, as they grow older. In contrast, insecurely attached children may have difficulty with social relationships and may experience social anxiety. Therefore, it is likely that Nate, who is securely attached, will interact more confidently and successfully with his peers than Will, who is insecurely attached.

Question 17

One-year-old Celia has come to expect that when she cries,her mother will respond quickly and take good care of her.One-year-old Shannon doesn't know what her mother's reaction to her cries will be.Celia and Shannon differ in their

Accepted Answer

Celia has developed an internal working model that her mother will respond to her needs, while Shannon does not have a consistent model of her mother's responses to her cries.

Question 18

When one-year-old Hayley's mother left her in an unfamiliar room,Hayley cried.When her mother returned,Hayley wanted to be held for a minute but then wanted to get down and play.Hayley appears to have a(n) ________ attachment to her mother.

Accepted Answer

Hayley's behavior of seeking comfort from her mother and then exploring the room after feeling secure indicates a secure attachment style.

Question 19

Children who had secure attachments as infants

Accepted Answer

The answer of Children who had secure attachments as infants
...

Question 20

The set of expectations that infants form about parents' availability and responsiveness generally and in times of stress is referred to as

Accepted Answer

The set of expectations that infants form about parents' availability and responsiveness generally and in times of stress is referred to as an internal working model. It is a mental representation that guides an individual's behavior and responses to different situations in their lives. It is commonly formed in early childhood and can influence an individual's relationships and interactions with others throughout their lifetime.

Quiz 10: Emotional Development