Question 1

Of the following people, who will be most inspired to perform well simply because others are watching?

Accepted Answer

Narcissists tend to be very concerned with their public image and are motivated by admiration and attention from others. Therefore, they are more likely to perform well when they know others are watching.

Question 2

Given Max Ringelmann's early research looking at group size and individual effort, should we expect Student X to put in a different amount of effort depending on whether she worked on a history project in a five-person group or a two-person group?

Accepted Answer

Max Ringelmann's research found that individuals tend to exert less effort on a task when they are in larger groups, a phenomenon known as the Ringelmann effect. Therefore, we should expect Student X to work harder in the smaller, two-person group.

Question 3

Suppose that you own a rowboat and sometimes go rowing in the summer. In June, you are planning to go rowing with two of your friends (three people total in the boat), and in July, you are planning to go rowing with just one friend (two people total in the boat). Will you put in more effort (row harder) on the three-person trip or on the two-person trip?

Accepted Answer

You will put in more effort on the two-person trip. This is because the boat will be lighter with only two people, which means it will require less effort to row. On the other hand, with three people in the boat, it will be heavier and require more effort to move through the water. Therefore, you will need to put in more effort on the three-person trip to move the boat forward at the same speed as you would on the two-person trip.

Question 4

What is NOT one of the three processes upon which social facilitation depends?

Accepted Answer

Social loafing is not one of the three processes upon which social facilitation depends. The three processes are evaluation apprehension, distraction, and bodily arousal. Social loafing refers to a phenomenon in which people exert less effort in group tasks than they would if they were working alone.

Question 5

Social loafing is also known as the ____.

Accepted Answer

Social loafing is also known as the free rider problem, where individuals put in less effort or contribution to a group task because they believe their efforts will not be recognized or they can rely on others to pick up the slack.

Question 6

Social facilitation theory suggests that tasks like walking, brushing one's teeth, or counting will be ____ by the presence of others. It also suggests that tasks like solving a difficult math problem or crossword puzzle will be ____ by the presence of others.

Accepted Answer

According to social facilitation theory, simple or well-learned tasks are likely to be enhanced in the presence of others, while complex or difficult tasks are likely to be hindered. Therefore, walking, brushing one's teeth, or counting are simple, well-learned tasks that are likely to be enhanced, while solving a difficult math problem or crossword puzzle is a complex task that is likely to be hindered. The best choice is D, which states that simple tasks will be enhanced and complex tasks will be hindered.

Question 7

The term "free rider problem" is sometimes used to refer to ____.

Accepted Answer

The free rider problem refers to the tendency for some members of a group to exert less effort towards a common goal if they know that they can rely on their fellow group members to pick up the slack. This is similar to social loafing, where individuals also contribute less effort in group settings due to a sense of reduced accountability. Therefore, option D is the best choice.

Question 8

Suppose that Office Building X makes use of an open floor plan with many shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices). This kind of floor plan is likely to increase productivity among some employees but decrease productivity among others. Of the people below, who is likely to benefit most?

Accepted Answer

Tom, a copy machine operator, is likely to benefit most from an open floor plan as his role may involve frequent interaction and collaboration with others, which is facilitated by shared spaces.

Question 9

Early research in social psychology conducted by Max Ringelmann revealed that people ____ when they work as part of a group (e.g., pushing a car off of the road with two other people) compared to when they work alone at the same task.

Accepted Answer

Ringelmann's research showed that people tend to reduce their individual effort when working as part of a group, a phenomenon he called social loafing. This is often explained by the diffusion of responsibility and the belief that individual effort will not be recognized or appreciated within a larger group.

Question 10

While many modern offices make use of open shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices), this office style can hinder productivity. Indeed, this office style is likely to be particularly detrimental for employees who work on ____.

Accepted Answer

Complex, novel tasks require a higher level of concentration and focus, which can be difficult in a noisy, shared office space. The distractions and interruptions in such an environment can make it challenging for employees to think creatively and solve complex problems. On the other hand, simple tasks that are repetitive may be less affected by the office environment, as they do not require as much mental effort or focus.

Question 11

Binge eating is defined by ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Binge eating is defined by ____.
...

Question 12

According to social facilitation theory, for most people, task performance for tasks such as ____ should be enhanced by the presence of others, while task performance for tasks such as ____ should be hindered by the presence of others.

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation theory suggests that the presence of others can enhance performance on relatively simple or well-learned tasks, such as washing dishes. On the other hand, performance on complex or difficult tasks, such as solving a difficult math problem, may be hindered by the presence of others due to anxiety, distraction, or self-consciousness. Therefore, the best choice is D where washing dishes is a relatively simple task while solving a difficult math problem is a complex task.

Question 13

Suppose that Office Building X makes use of an open floor plan with many shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices). This kind of floor plan is likely to increase productivity among some employees but decrease productivity among others. Of the people below, who is likely to suffer most?

Accepted Answer

Suzanne, an analyst, is likely to suffer most because her work may require concentration and focus, which can be disrupted by the noise and distractions common in open floor plans.

Question 14

Many modern offices have open, public shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices). This office style works best if the employees are working on ____.

Accepted Answer

Open, public shared spaces are most effective for simple tasks that employees have performed many times, as these tasks require less concentration and privacy, and the open environment can facilitate communication and collaboration.

Question 15

Jonah is really worried about playing the piano at his recital in front of his girlfriend, who has expressed a desire to be at the recital. Jonah keeps thinking about her instead of concentrating on playing his music. Which of the three processes that influences social facilitation does this scenario most emphasize?

Accepted Answer

Jonah is distracted by the presence of his girlfriend, which affects his concentration on playing the piano. This scenario emphasizes the distraction process in social facilitation.

Question 16

Jane joined a sorority her freshman year of college and moved into the house her sophomore year. She had never engaged in binge eating before moving into the sorority. After the end of her sophomore year of living in the house, she is most likely to ____.

Accepted Answer

Jane is likely to engage in the level of binge eating that most of her sorority sisters do due to social influence and the desire to fit in with the group norms.

Question 17

Cockroaches completed simple mazes more quickly when they ran in the presence of other cockroaches (as opposed to alone), and completed complex mazes more quickly when they ran alone (as opposed to in a group). This finding illustrates that, even among cockroaches, ____.

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation occurs when the presence of others enhances performance on easy or well-learned tasks (dominant responses) but can impair performance on difficult tasks. The cockroaches' faster completion of simple mazes in groups and slower completion of complex mazes in groups illustrates this phenomenon.

Question 18

Patterns of binge eating were rarely noted prior to ____.

Accepted Answer

According to the context, patterns of binge eating were rarely noted prior to 1960.

Question 19

Research on college sororities has found that ____.

Accepted Answer

Research has found that binge eating patterns seem to be contagious among college sorority members, possibly due to social influences and pressure to conform to group norms.

Question 20

As defined in the text, narcissists are ____.

Accepted Answer

The text defines narcissists as people who regard themselves as better than others and are constantly trying to win the admiration of others, often displaying a lack of empathy for others. This is distinct from people with healthy levels of self-esteem who do not have a need to constantly seek validation and put others down.

Quiz 14: Groups

Of the following people, who will be most inspired to perform well simply because others are watching?

Given Max Ringelmann's early research looking at group size and individual effort, should we expect Student X to put in a different amount of effort depending on whether she worked on a history project in a five-person group or a two-person group?

What is NOT one of the three processes upon which social facilitation depends?

Social loafing is also known as the ____.

Social facilitation theory suggests that tasks like walking, brushing one's teeth, or counting will be by the presence of others. It also suggests that tasks like solving a difficult math problem or crossword puzzle will be by the presence of others.

The term "free rider problem" is sometimes used to refer to ____.

Suppose that Office Building X makes use of an open floor plan with many shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices) . This kind of floor plan is likely to increase productivity among some employees but decrease productivity among others. Of the people below, who is likely to benefit most?

Early research in social psychology conducted by Max Ringelmann revealed that people ____ when they work as part of a group (e.g., pushing a car off of the road with two other people) compared to when they work alone at the same task.

While many modern offices make use of open shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices) , this office style can hinder productivity. Indeed, this office style is likely to be particularly detrimental for employees who work on ____.

Binge eating is defined by ____.

According to social facilitation theory, for most people, task performance for tasks such as should be enhanced by the presence of others, while task performance for tasks such as should be hindered by the presence of others.

Suppose that Office Building X makes use of an open floor plan with many shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices) . This kind of floor plan is likely to increase productivity among some employees but decrease productivity among others. Of the people below, who is likely to suffer most?

Many modern offices have open, public shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices) . This office style works best if the employees are working on ____.

Jane joined a sorority her freshman year of college and moved into the house her sophomore year. She had never engaged in binge eating before moving into the sorority. After the end of her sophomore year of living in the house, she is most likely to ____.

Cockroaches completed simple mazes more quickly when they ran in the presence of other cockroaches (as opposed to alone) , and completed complex mazes more quickly when they ran alone (as opposed to in a group) . This finding illustrates that, even among cockroaches, ____.

Patterns of binge eating were rarely noted prior to ____.

Research on college sororities has found that ____.

As defined in the text, narcissists are ____.