Question 1

Describe the serial position curve and its relevance to the modal memory model.Include in your answer a description of the procedure,traditional findings,and the manipulations that help us understand the processes that lead to the traditional findings.

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Question 2

The primacy effect is associated with ________,and the recency effect is associated with ________.

Accepted Answer

The primacy effect is associated with long-term memory because items at the beginning of a list are more likely to be transferred to long-term memory. The recency effect is associated with working memory because items at the end of a list are still in working memory when recalled.

Question 3

Which of the following approaches is LEAST likely to facilitate retention of academic material?

Accepted Answer

Simply rereading notes does not actively engage the brain in processing and analyzing the material, which is necessary for retaining the information. The other options involve more active engagement and interaction with the material, which have been shown to promote retention.

Question 4

Imagine you are staring at a photograph of a man's face and trying to memorize it for later.Using the modal model,describe how the visual information will be processed and eventually stored in memory.

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Question 5

Bill is given a list of words to memorize for a later test.While he is encoding the words,his brain activity is measured using fMRI.Describe the patterns of activity you would expect to see in Bill's brain for words he later remembers and those he later forgets.

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Question 6

Compare and contrast maintenance and elaborative rehearsal by considering their effects on the creation of memory connections.

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Question 7

Why is the term "working memory" now preferred over "short-term memory"?

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Question 8

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the relationships among acquisition,retrieval,and storage processes?

Accepted Answer

Acquisition, retrieval, and storage processes are all closely interconnected and cannot be viewed as independent processes. For example, the effectiveness of retrieval is dependent upon how information was acquired and stored, and how it was encoded and encoded can affect both storage and retrieval processes. Additionally, the amount and type of information stored can affect the speed and accuracy of retrieval. Thus, acquisition, retrieval, and storage processes are intertwined processes.

Question 9

Your friend is having a hard time in biology and would like some tips on studying for the class.What advice would you give your friend? Include at least three suggestions based on the information you have learned in this chapter.

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Question 10

Are flashcards an effective way to memorize information? Why or why not?

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Question 11

Describe how previous knowledge or ideas of the memorizer can impact memory and how this can sometimes lead one to make memory errors.

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Question 12

Describe Baddeley's working-memory model.Name two cognitive phenomena that are well explained by the model.

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Question 13

Differentiate between the free recall procedure and the operation-span task.Relate the differences in procedure to the memory systems each test measures.

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Quiz 6: The Acquisition of Memories and the Work-Ing-Memory System