Question 1

____________ is the willful and repeated harm inflicted through the medium of electronic text.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________ is the willful and repeated harm...

Question 2

Running away and underage consumption of alcohol represent:

Accepted Answer

Running away and underage consumption of alcohol are both considered status offenses, which are acts that are only deemed illegal because of the age or status of the individual committing them (i.e. being underage). These offenses are not considered delinquent offenses, as they do not involve criminal behavior or harm to others. They also are not typically viewed as stepping stones to delinquency, as they are not indications of further criminal activity. Finally, they are not category one crimes, which generally involve serious offenses such as murder, robbery, and aggravated assault.

Question 3

Depending upon case circumstances,Steven's parents may be held civilly responsible for his conduct because he is a minor,under the concept of:

Accepted Answer

Vicarious liability is a legal principle that holds someone responsible for the actions of another person. In this case, Steven's parents could be held civilly responsible for his conduct as a minor because they have a legal duty to supervise and control their child's behavior. This concept of vicarious liability is often applied in situations where a minor causes harm to others or damages property.

Question 4

If found delinquent,his case disposition ideally will be based on what?

Accepted Answer

The ideal case disposition for a delinquent should be based on the need for treatment, as helping the individual address the underlying issues that led to their delinquent behavior can be more effective in preventing them from committing further crimes in the future. Punishment may not address the root causes of the delinquent behavior, and community desires or victim preference should not be the sole determining factors in the case disposition.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about parental liability laws is false?

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Some states do have limits on the amount of recovery victims can receive under parental liability laws. For example, in California, the maximum amount of recovery for property damage caused by a minor is $25,000.

Question 6

_________________ is defined as criminal behavior engaged in by a minor.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _________________ is defined as criminal behavior engaged...

Question 7

"________________ youths" are young people who are extremely vulnerable to the negative consequences of school failure,substance abuse,and early sexuality.

Accepted Answer

The answer of "________________ youths" are young people who are...

Question 8

As defined by the textbook,the term _________________ refers to youths who have been arrested four or more times during their minority and perpetuate a striking majority of serious criminal acts.

Accepted Answer

The answer of As defined by the textbook,the term _________________...

Question 9

By being out at 1 A.M. ,what additional law has Jennifer broken?

Accepted Answer

Jennifer has broken curfew laws, which usually prohibit minors from being out in public places during certain hours (such as after 10 or 11 pm). The other laws listed (CHINS law, Wayward minor law, Bindover law) are unrelated to curfew violations.

Question 10

Due to the seriousness of the crime,state legislation mandates transferring legal jurisdiction over the most serious and experienced juvenile offenders to the adult court for criminal prosecution. This process is known as:

Accepted Answer

The process described in the question is commonly known as waiver, where a juvenile who has committed a serious crime is transferred from juvenile court to adult court for criminal prosecution. This is usually done because of the seriousness of the crime and the belief that the juvenile justice system may not have the means to properly address the offense.

Question 11

States classify status offenders using different terms. Which term listed is false?

Accepted Answer

The false term is "Delinquent." Delinquent refers to a minor who has committed a criminal offense or violated the law, while the other three terms (Unruly child, Incorrigible child, Minor in need of supervision) refer to minors who have committed status offenses, which are behaviors that are only considered offenses because the offender is a minor.

Question 12

Many states enacted or strengthened existing parental liability statutes that make parents criminally liable for the actions of their delinquent children.These laws can generally fall into one of three categories. Which category is false?

Accepted Answer

The false category is "Vicarious involvement" as parental liability laws typically include civil liability, criminal liability, and general involvement, but not vicarious involvement in the context described.

Question 13

In 1967,the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and the Administration of Justice,organized by President Lyndon Johnson,helped change the shape of juvenile justice in all but which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

The President's Commission on Law Enforcement and the Administration of Justice did not pass the Omnibus Safe Streets and Crime Control Act. This act was signed into law by President Johnson in 1968 as a response to rising crime rates and concerns over public safety.

Question 14

"__________________" minors is the original early designation of youths who violate the law because of their minority status.

Accepted Answer

"Wayward minors" is the term historically used to describe youths who engage in illegal activities due to their age, reflecting a view of these individuals as being led astray rather than inherently criminal.

Question 15

What is the term that refers to a minor child who has been found to violate the penal code?

Accepted Answer

A juvenile delinquent is a minor who has been found to have committed a crime or violated the penal code. This is different from a status offender, who has committed an offense that would not be a crime if committed by an adult, such as skipping school or violating curfew. A wayward minor refers to a child who is considered to be in danger because of their behavior or environment, but has not necessarily committed a crime. Chronic offender refers to a person, of any age, who has a history of repeated criminal behavior.

Question 16

Under the JJDPA and its subsequent reauthorizations,what were states required to do in order to receive federal funds?

Accepted Answer

Under the JJDPA and its subsequent reauthorizations, states were required to remove status offenders from secure detention and lockups in order to receive federal funds. Status offenders are juveniles who commit offenses that would not be considered crimes if committed by adults, such as truancy or running away from home. The JJDPA aims to promote community-based alternatives to incarceration for these types of offenses.

Question 17

Whereas adults are tried in court,juveniles are:

Accepted Answer

Juveniles are adjudicated in court, not disposed, treated, or bound. Adjudication means that a judge or magistrate makes a decision about the guilt or innocence of a juvenile who has been accused of committing a crime. This process is similar to the trial process for adults, but there are some differences in terms of the rules and procedures that apply.

Question 18

______________________ occurs when youths experience uncertainty and place themselves at the mercy of leaders who promise to give them a sense of identity they cannot mold for themselves.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______________________ occurs when youths experience uncertainty and...

Question 19

Which of the following statements is false?  Juveniles transferred to adult courts:

Accepted Answer

The parens patriae concept, which emphasizes the state's duty to protect and nurture juveniles, is not typically applied to juveniles transferred to adult courts. Instead, they are treated as adults and subject to adult criminal laws and punishments.

Question 20

According to Erik Erikson,______________ is formed when persons develop a firm sense of who they are and what they stand for.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Erik Erikson,______________ is formed when...

Quiz 1: Childhood and Delinquency