Question 1

Christine "knows" that Paul is independent,a trait she admires.Renee "knows" that Paul is defiant,a trait she does not admire.The ____ components of their attitudes differ.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Christine "knows" that Paul is independent,a trait...

Question 2

Howard Schultz,the CEO of Starbucks,hires managers by looking for two qualities¾integrity and passion.According to Schultz,these qualities are as important as experience and abilities because he wants people to become passionate about helping the company succeed while maintaining high ethical standards that promote the organization's responsibility to society.In other words,Schultz values

Accepted Answer

Howard Schultz values organizational commitment, which is demonstrated through the qualities of integrity and passion that he looks for when hiring managers. He wants his managers to be committed to helping the company succeed while also maintaining high ethical standards and promoting the organization's responsibility to society.

Question 3

Tom Evslin knew that using the Internet to make telephone calls was a good idea,but the static you get when you try to talk with a computer and a microphone to someone else with a computer and a microphone is unacceptable.He started a new company to make it possible to use the Internet to make clear telephone calls.He is very excited about his new company's possibility and claims,"I have just barely opened the door for this new technology.We're going to be more successful than AT&T." Which of the following terms best describes Evslin?

Accepted Answer

Evslin's excitement and optimistic outlook about his company's potential success indicate positive affectivity, which is characterized by a tendency to experience positive emotions and view situations in a favorable light.

Question 4

Andrew likes the way a political candidate looks and speaks.He knows he agrees with the candidate on important issues.Andrew voted for her.Voting was the ____ component of Andrew's attitude.

Accepted Answer

The intentional component of attitude refers to the way a person intends to act or behave towards an object or situation. In this case, Andrew's action of voting is the intentional component of his attitude towards the candidate.

Question 5

An individual's level of job satisfaction is determined by

Accepted Answer

All of these factors can have an impact on an individual's job satisfaction. Compensation is important, but so are personal needs and aspirations, relationships with coworkers and supervisors, and working conditions. It is the combination of these factors that determines an individual's overall job satisfaction.

Question 6

Juan has a tendency to see the good side of each situation.This is known as

Accepted Answer

The tendency to see the good side of each situation is a characteristic of positive affectivity, which refers to a general disposition to experience positive emotions and moods more frequently than negative ones.

Question 7

Bernard Madoff defrauded "friends" and family.He even took money from holocaust survivors and foundations.This indicates a high level of

Accepted Answer

Madoff's ability to deceive and manipulate those closest to him, including friends, family, and even holocaust survivors, indicates a high level of Machiavellianism. This refers to the tendency to prioritize one's own interests over the interests of others, and to use manipulation and deceit to achieve those interests.

Question 8

Dorothy is overweight and smokes,even though she knows that both of these are bad for her health.She is most likely experiencing

Accepted Answer

Dorothy's behavior goes against her knowledge and beliefs about what is good for her health. This inconsistency is known as cognitive dissonance, where a person experiences discomfort or tension when their attitudes and behaviors do not align. Dorothy may either change her behavior to align with her beliefs or justify her behavior to reduce the discomfort of the cognitive dissonance.

Question 9

____ dissonance refers to the conflict that individuals experience among their attitudes.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive dissonance refers to the mental stress or discomfort experienced by an individual who holds two or more contradictory beliefs, values, or attitudes at the same time. This may lead to a change in beliefs or behaviors to alleviate the discomfort. The other options- A)Behavioral dissonance, B)Intentional dissonance, C)Personal dissonance, and E)Affective dissonance- are not commonly used terms and do not refer to the specific type of cognitive conflict described in the question.

Question 10

The ____ component of an attitude reflects feelings and emotions that an individual has toward something.

Accepted Answer

The affective component of an attitude involves an individual's emotions and feelings towards something. The cognitive component involves beliefs and thoughts, the intentional component involves behavioral intentions, the dissonance component involves conflicting attitudes or behaviors, and the affirmative component is not a commonly recognized component of attitudes.

Question 11

A manager who is willing to lose it all on one product has high

Accepted Answer

Risk propensity is the personality trait that describes an individual's willingness to take risks. A manager who is willing to put everything on the line for one product is exhibiting a high level of risk propensity.

Question 12

Corinne observed her company laying people off without notice or explanation.Her ____ will likely decrease.

Accepted Answer

Organizational commitment refers to an employee's attachment and loyalty to their organization. If Corinne observes her company laying off people without notice or explanation, it is likely to affect her organizational commitment. She may feel less attached and loyal to the organization as a result. The other choices are not directly related to the given scenario.

Question 13

Stacey complains constantly.The world has never been fair to her.This is known as

Accepted Answer

Stacey's constant complaining and belief that the world is never fair to her are indications of negative affectivity, which refers to a tendency to experience negative emotions and view situations in a negative light.

Question 14

The beliefs and feelings that people have about specific ideas,situations,and people are known as

Accepted Answer

Attitudes refer to the beliefs and feelings that people have about specific ideas, situations, and people. They often influence behavior and decision-making. Personality attributes, characteristics, and behaviors are related but not interchangeable terms. Perceptions refer to the way people interpret and make sense of their experiences.

Question 15

If you perceive that one method of completing a task is the most efficient,but your coworker perceives that her idea is better,the ____ components of your attitudes differ.

Accepted Answer

The cognitive component of attitude involves beliefs or thoughts about something. In this case, the difference in perception about which method is more efficient is a difference in the cognitive component of attitudes.

Question 16

Martha had parents who were perfectionists.She has been very successful in running her business,but she is overly critical of herself.Martha has low

Accepted Answer

Martha's tendency to be overly critical of herself is indicative of low self-esteem. This is likely a result of growing up with perfectionistic parents who may have set impossibly high standards for her.

Question 17

____ is an attitude that reflects an individual's identification with and attachment to an organization.

Accepted Answer

Organizational commitment reflects an individual's identification with and attachment to an organization. Job involvement refers to the degree to which an individual identifies with their job and finds it important. Organizational citizenship refers to discretionary behaviors that contribute to the smooth functioning of an organization. Job satisfaction refers to an individual's overall feelings about their job. Job identification is not a commonly used term in organizational behavior.

Question 18

The ____ component of an attitude reflects how a person expects to behave in a situation.

Accepted Answer

The intentional component of an attitude is also known as behavioral component. It refers to an individual's intention or readiness to behave in a particular way towards an object or situation. It is the aspect of an attitude that indicates how a person expects to behave in a given situation.

Question 19

Personal factors such as an individual's needs and aspirations,as well as organizational factors such as relationships with coworkers and supervisors,working conditions,work policies,and compensation,all help determine an individual's level of

Accepted Answer

Personal and organizational factors contribute to an individual's level of job satisfaction, making it the best choice. Intrinsic self-relevance, authoritarianism, and attribution are not directly related to job satisfaction, and while behavior may be impacted by these factors, it is not the most specific or accurate answer in this context.

Question 20

Kristen worked in a fast-food restaurant to pay for her college tuition.Kristen vowed never to eat fast food again.But years later her small children love nothing better than a fast-food kid's meal.Kristen's acceptance of the kid's menu choice creates

Accepted Answer

Kristen's previous vow never to eat fast food again clashes with her current behavior of accepting her children's love for fast food. This contradiction in her beliefs and actions causes cognitive dissonance.

Quiz 15: Basic Elements of Individual Behavior in Organizations