Question 1

The chief reason given by teenagers for early sexual activity is

Accepted Answer

Peer pressure from friends, media and societal norms can be a major driver for teenagers to engage in early sexual activity. It can create a sense of social acceptance and make them feel more mature. However, it can also lead to making hasty decisions without considering the consequences or personal readiness.

Question 2

The average girl in the United States has her first sexual intercourse at age

Accepted Answer

The average age at which girls in the United States have their first sexual intercourse is around 17 years old. This statistic can vary based on various factors such as cultural, social, and personal circumstances, but studies and surveys typically report averages in this range.

Question 3

Mark has not seriously considered his options and has avoided making commitments.What is his identity status?

Accepted Answer

Mark's behavior suggests that he is experiencing identity diffusion, which is characterized by a lack of commitment or serious consideration of one's options.

Question 4

About _______ of late adolescents remain in foreclosure or diffusion identity statuses.

Accepted Answer

The answer of About _______ of late adolescents remain in...

Question 5

The model that analyzes racial/ethnic identity includes all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

The answer of The model that analyzes racial/ethnic identity includes...

Question 6

Sexual orientation generally becomes a pressing issue during

Accepted Answer

Adolescence is a period marked by emotional, social, and physical changes, and sexual orientation emerges as an important issue during this time. It is the time when individuals start forming their sexual identities, and become interested in dating, romantic relationships, and sexual experiences. During adolescence, individuals may start questioning their sexual preferences and may experience confusion, anxiety, and stress as they try to understand their sexual orientation. Therefore, it is during adolescence that sexual orientation becomes a pressing issue that needs to be addressed by individuals, families, and society as a whole.

Question 7

Recent research has indicated that gender differences in identity formation of adolescence

Accepted Answer

Recent research suggests that individual differences may be more important than gender differences in identity formation during adolescence. Therefore, option A is the best choice. Option B is incorrect as research does not support the notion that male adolescents are more concerned with relationships than female adolescents. Option C is incorrect as although there may be some gender differences in identity formation during adolescence, recent research suggests that individual differences may outweigh these differences.

Question 8

Research indicates that identity development of African-American adolescents

Accepted Answer

Research on identity development, including that of African-American adolescents, shows that individuals can be found in all four of Marcia's identity statuses: identity diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, and identity achievement. This indicates a diverse range of identity development experiences among African-American adolescents, rather than a predominance in any specific categories.

Question 9

Greg celebrates Thanksgiving each year with his family.A part of his family's tradition is to play a game of touch football before dinner.According to your text,Greg's Thanksgiving tradition is a part of his

Accepted Answer

Greg's Thanksgiving tradition of playing touch football is a part of his cultural socialization, which refers to the process by which individuals learn and incorporate the values, beliefs, and behaviors of their culture into their own identity. Thanksgiving is a holiday within American culture, and touch football is a common activity among families during this time. By participating in this tradition, Greg is reinforcing and passing on these cultural values within his family.

Question 10

Which statement DOES NOT reflect current research on the origins of sexual orientation?

Accepted Answer

Current research supports the findings related to older brothers (the fraternal birth order effect), differences in the hypothalamus, and the genetic basis of sexual orientation. However, there is no widely accepted research indicating that the number of older sisters affects a woman's sexual orientation.

Question 11

According to research on sexual orientation,the fact that Gerald has four older brothers increases the likelihood that he will be

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that there is a correlation between having older brothers and an increased likelihood of being homosexual. This is known as the fraternal birth order effect, and it is thought to be related to maternal immune response to male fetal antigens with successive male pregnancies. However, it is important to note that this correlation is not a deterministic factor and does not apply to all individuals with older brothers.

Question 12

To achieve sexual identity,adolescents must achieve all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Having a successful sexual encounter is not a necessary component of achieving sexual identity. It is important for adolescents to see themselves as sexual beings, come to terms with sexual stirrings, and recognize their sexual orientation in order to establish a healthy sense of identity.

Question 13

If Pauline is a typical girl,she is likely to have her first sexual experience at the age of _______,and her brother is likely to have his first sexual experience at ______.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that the average age for first sexual experience is typically around 17 for girls and 16 for boys.

Question 14

Cultural socialization refers to ______________ that teach children about their racial or ethnic heritage,promote cultural traditions,and promote ethics and racial pride.

Accepted Answer

Cultural socialization can encompass practices and teachings from schools, communities, and parents, all of which contribute to teaching children about their racial or ethnic heritage, promoting cultural traditions, and fostering ethnic and racial pride.

Question 15

Danny does not know what he wants to do after high school and does not appear to worry about it.According to Marcia,what is his identity status?

Accepted Answer

Danny is in a state of identity diffusion, as he has not yet explored or committed to any particular identity or life path. He does not appear to be actively searching for a sense of self, which rules out the moratorium status. He also has not made a commitment to a particular role or identity, making foreclosure and achievement unlikely options.

Question 16

A recent analysis of hundreds of studies on self-esteem concluded that males do have higher self-esteem than females; however,the difference is

Accepted Answer

The analysis concluded that males do have higher self-esteem than females, but the difference is small.

Question 17

Sexual orientation seems to be determined at least partly by

Accepted Answer

Numerous studies have shown that sexual orientation has a strong genetic component. For example, identical twins (who share 100% of their genes) are much more likely to share the same sexual orientation than fraternal twins (who share only 50% of their genes).

Question 18

According to Gilligan,females develop self-esteem in the context of relationships with their peers,whereas for males,self-esteem is linked to

Accepted Answer

Gilligan's theory suggests that females develop self-esteem through connection and relationships with peers, while males may prioritize achievement and competition. Thus, choice A best aligns with Gilligan's ideas.

Question 19

Kendrick thinks he wants to be an engineer but is not sure and is agonizing over the decision.Meanwhile,he is trying to get information about several other careers.According to Marcia,what is his identity status?

Accepted Answer

Kendrick's behavior suggests that he is in a state of moratorium, where he is actively exploring various career options and experiencing a level of uncertainty about his identity. He has not yet committed to a particular career path, but he is actively seeking information and considering his options.

Question 20

When his psychology teacher asks Billy what his plans after high school are,Billy just shrugs his shoulders and says,"I have not really thought about it much." Marcia would place Billy in a state of

Accepted Answer

Identity diffusion is the state where there is a lack of commitment and exploration of different identity options. Billy's response indicates that he hasn't thought about his plans for the future, indicating a lack of exploration or consideration of potential options.

Quiz 12: Psychosocial Development in Adolescence