Question 1

The impact of long-term stresses can be understood by examining the body's defenses against stress, a pattern known as

Accepted Answer

The concept of the body's defenses against stress and how it responds when faced with long-term stresses is known as the general adaptation syndrome (GAS). Therefore, the best choice is C.

Question 2

Hans Selye developed the _____ model, which describes the series of bodily reactions that occur to prolonged stress.

Accepted Answer

Hans Selye developed the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) model, which describes the series of bodily reactions that occur to prolonged stress. The model has three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.

Question 3

People who enjoy a positive state of wellness are characterized as

Accepted Answer

People who enjoy a positive state of wellness are typically physically healthy, happy and optimistic, and self-confident. Therefore, all of these options accurately describe characteristics of individuals who are experiencing wellness.

Question 4

The local community college and hospitals are joining together to sponsor a health fair that will provide blood pressure screenings, demonstrations on cooking healthier for one's heart, and exercise routines that can be worked into one's busy schedule.This health fair is a good example of which type of program?

Accepted Answer

The health fair is a joint effort between the community college and hospitals to promote health awareness and provide resources to the community, which aligns with the goals of a community health campaign.

Question 5

According to your textbook, some of the best anti-smoking programs include _____, which has been shown to help young people resist pressure from peers, adults, and the media to start smoking.

Accepted Answer

Refusal skills training has been shown to be effective in helping young people resist pressure to start smoking. This type of training can improve a young person's ability to confidently refuse offers of cigarettes from peers, adults, and media. Behavioral risk factor training and health-promoting behavioral training may have some benefits in reducing smoking, but they do not specifically target refusal skills. Stress reduction training may be helpful in reducing smoking for some individuals, but it is not a specific anti-smoking program.

Question 6

It has been found that the best way to prevent people from smoking is to stop the behavior before it begins.A type of program that teaches youth to resist pressures from peers or adults to smoke is called

Accepted Answer

Refusal skills training is a program that teaches youth how to say no to peer pressure to smoke. This type of program has been found to be effective in preventing smoking behavior before it begins. Avoidance therapy focuses on avoiding situations that may lead to smoking, desensitization training aims to reduce the emotional response to smoking cues, and eradication therapy is not a commonly used or recognized term in smoking prevention.

Question 7

According to your textbook, a person in a state of _____ is physically and psychologically healthy; is happy, optimistic, and self-confident; and bounces back emotionally from adversity.

Accepted Answer

The description in the question matches the definition of wellness provided in the textbook.

Question 8

The _____ describes the body's reaction to stressful situations as a series of three stages.

Accepted Answer

The general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is the term for the body's response to stress, which occurs in three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. Option A (mind-body connection) refers to the idea that physical health is connected to mental and emotional well-being. Option C (locus of control model) is a theory that examines the extent to which individuals feel they have control over their lives. Option D (defense mechanism strategy) refers to psychological strategies that people use to cope with stressful situations, such as denial or displacement.

Question 9

_____ is associated with research on stress and described the G.A.S.

Accepted Answer

Selye is associated with research on stress and is known for describing the General Adaptation Syndrome (G.A.S.). Kübler-Ross is known for her work on death and dying, Bandura is known for his theories on social learning and self-efficacy, and Festinger is known for his work on cognitive dissonance.

Question 10

_____ are area-wide education projects designed to inform people of the risks of stress, alcohol abuse, high blood pressure, STDs, etc.; to provide role models to show people how to improve their own health; and to direct people to services for health screening, advice, and treatment.

Accepted Answer

Community health campaigns are designed to inform people in an area about various health risks and provide resources for prevention and treatment. They often involve collaboration between health professionals, community leaders, and local organizations to create a comprehensive approach to improving public health. The other choices are not accurate descriptions of this type of program.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT one of the stages of Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome?

Accepted Answer

The three stages of Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome are alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. There is no stage called resolution in this model.

Question 12

Hans Selye noticed that the body initially reacts the same way to an infection or a physical injury as it does to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Hans Selye's research on stress showed that the body's initial response to stressors, whether physical or emotional, is largely the same. The body's stress response is designed to help us deal with immediate threats, whether they be infections, injuries, or emotional stressors like relationship problems and job stress. Therefore, all of the options listed are potentially stressful and could trigger the body's stress response.

Question 13

Physical symptoms in the earliest stage of the general adaptation syndrome are similar to those during

Accepted Answer

The earliest stage of the general adaptation syndrome, also known as the alarm stage, involves physical symptoms similar to those experienced during any disease or trauma. These symptoms include increased heart rate, rapid breathing, sweating, and heightened alertness.

Question 14

_____ includes practice in stress reduction, self-protection, decision-making, goal setting, self-control, and social skills that help young people to be less tempted to escape problems through drug use or other destructive behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Life skills training is a type of training that helps young people develop behavioral and thinking skills that make them less likely to engage in destructive behaviors such as drug use. These skills include stress reduction, self-protection, decision-making, goal setting, self-control, and social skills.

Question 15

Refusal skills training is typically used to teach young people how to

Accepted Answer

Refusal skills training is primarily used to help young people avoid smoking and other drug use by teaching them how to say no to peer pressure and resist social pressures to experiment with addictive substances. While coping with burnout, resisting stressors at home and school, and avoiding habits that lead to school failure are important, they are not typically the main focus of refusal skills training.

Question 16

An important way that psychologists work to decrease behavioral risks to health is through the use of

Accepted Answer

Community health campaigns that provide role models are an effective way for psychologists to promote healthy behaviors and decrease behavioral risks to health. These campaigns can raise awareness about healthy lifestyle choices and provide examples of individuals who have successfully made positive changes in their behavior. Jail time, electroconvulsive shock therapy, and desensitization/sensory deprivation are not effective or ethical approaches for promoting healthy behavior.

Question 17

Alarm, resistance, and exhaustion are the terms used for describing the stages of the

Accepted Answer

The terms alarm, resistance, and exhaustion are used to describe the stages of the general adaptation syndrome, which is a model proposed by Hans Selye to describe the body's response to stress. The Cannon-Bard theory describes the emotional response to a stimulus, the expectancy value theory describes how an individual's expectations and values influence their behavior, and the Yerkes-Dodson law describes the relationship between arousal and performance.

Question 18

A person who is both physically and psychologically healthy, enjoys supportive relationships with others, does meaningful work, and lives in a clean environment has attained

Accepted Answer

A positive state of wellness encompasses physical and psychological health, social support, environmental factors, and a sense of purpose or meaningful work. Self-actualization is a higher level of personal growth and development, and incongruence is a term used in psychology to describe a mismatch between one's self-concept and reality. Stress management is important for overall wellness, but it is not the only factor that contributes to a positive state of being.

Question 19

A person who has a positive state of wellness has attained

Accepted Answer

A positive state of wellness encompasses all aspects of an individual's life including supportive relationships, meaningful work to do, and a clean environment in which to live. All three of these factors contribute to an individual's overall well-being, making choice D the best answer.

Question 20

Programs which typically include practice in stress reduction, self-protection, decision- making, self control, and social skills are called

Accepted Answer

Programs that provide practice in stress reduction, self-protection, decision-making, self-control, and social skills are known as life skills training. This type of training helps individuals to develop the necessary skills to manage their personal and social lives effectively. Life skills training programs can be beneficial for individuals of all ages, and can be offered in a variety of settings, including schools, community centers, and healthcare facilities.

Quiz 13: Extension A: Health, Stress, and Coping