Grievance procedures and arbitration are both criticized for being excessively legal, formal, and reactive, rather than proactive in trying to find ways to decrease the likelihood of future disputes.

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Grievance procedures and arbitration are often seen as reactive measures that only address disputes after they have arisen, rather than proactively working to prevent conflicts from happening in the first place. These processes also tend to be very legalistic and formal, which can make them intimidating and difficult to navigate for employees who may not have legal training or representation. As such, some experts argue that organizations should focus more on developing proactive conflict resolution strategies and creating a more open and transparent culture that encourages communication and collaboration, rather than relying solely on legal mechanisms to resolve disputes.

Grievance Procedures and Arbitration Are Both Criticized for Being Excessively