Question 1

Beliefs refer to
A) a person's consistent behaviors or responses to recurring situations.
B) a learned predisposition to respond to an object or class of objects in a consistently favorable or unfavorable way.
C) the process by which an individual selects, organizes, and interprets information to create a meaningful picture of the world.
D) a consumer's subjective perception of how a product or brand performs on different attributes.
E) the moral and ethical precepts that guide a person's behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Beliefs refer to
A) a person's consistent behaviors...

Question 2

Toyota was the first auto manufacturer to introduce a self-parking feature that it called Intelligent Parking Assist.Originally it was available as an option on the Toyota Prius in the Japanese market.Toyota was trying to change consumer attitudes about the vehicle by
A) changing beliefs about the extent to which a brand has a specific attribute.
B) changing the perceived importance of a specific attribute.
C) adding a new attribute.
D) reducing the perceived risk of the product.
E) providing stimulus generalization to prospective buyers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Toyota was the first auto manufacturer to...

Question 3

Pepsi-Cola made "freshness" an important product attribute when it stamped freshness dates on its cans.Prior to doing so,few consumers considered freshness a relevant issue for soft drinks.Pepsi-Cola tried to change consumers' attitudes toward its soft drinks by
A) changing beliefs about the extent to which a brand has a specific attribute.
B) changing the perceived importance of a specific attribute.
C) adding a new attribute.
D) reducing perceived risk.
E) providing stimulus generalization.

Accepted Answer

Pepsi-Cola tried to change consumers' attitudes by increasing the perceived importance of freshness as a relevant issue for soft drinks. By stamping freshness dates on its cans, Pepsi-Cola made it a prominent attribute and encouraged consumers to prioritize it when making their purchase decision.

Question 4

A consumer's subjective perception of how a product or brand performs on different attributes based on personal experience,advertising,and discussions with other people are referred to as
A) values.
B) attitudes.
C) beliefs.
D) predispositions.
E) opinions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A consumer's subjective perception of how a...

Question 5

The VALS framework segments consumers based on
A) their primary motivation for buying products and their resources.
B) their demographics.
C) their product usage, age, and gender.
D) where they live.
E) their media usage and their demographics.

Accepted Answer

The VALS framework segments consumers based on their primary motivation for buying products and their resources. It looks at psychological factors such as values, attitudes, and lifestyles to determine which products and brands individual consumers are most likely to buy. Demographics, product usage, age, gender, and media usage are not the primary focus of this segmentation framework.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the VALS framework is false?
A) Consumers are inspired by one of three primary motivations-ideals, achievement, and self-expression-that give meaning to their self or the world and govern their activities.
B) Consumers are motivated to buy products and services and seek experiences that give shape, substance, and satisfaction to their lives.
C) The VALS framework seeks to explain why and how consumers make purchase decisions.
D) The VALS framework identifies eight consumer segments.
E) A consumer's gender and age have a direct effect on placement within a VALS consumer segment.

Accepted Answer

A consumer's gender and age are not direct factors in determining placement within a VALS consumer segment. The VALS framework uses factors such as values, lifestyle, and personality to identify consumer segments.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about brand loyalty is most accurate?
A) Learning has little effect on brand loyalty because most habits are instinctual.
B) Brand loyalty increases the perceived risk associated with impulse purchases.
C) The incidence of brand loyalty is steadily rising in North America.
D) Brand loyalty results from the positive reinforcement of previous actions.
E) The best way to enhance brand loyalty is to brand all new products with the same brand name.

Accepted Answer

Brand loyalty results from the positive reinforcement of previous actions, meaning that consumers continue to purchase a particular brand because they have had a positive experience with it in the past. This creates a sense of trust and comfort with the brand, making consumers more likely to choose it over other options. Learning and instinct do play a role in forming habits, but positive experiences are the driving force behind brand loyalty. The other options are not accurate statements about brand loyalty.

Question 8

Lifestyle refers to
A) the set of behaviors that is a result of spending one's time and money as one pleases.
B) a mode of living that is defined by one's personal moral philosophy.
C) the similar values, interests, and behaviors that members of society share.
D) a self-defined identification of belonging to a lower, lower-middle, middle, upper-middle, or upper class in terms of values, attitudes, and beliefs.
E) a mode of living that is identified by how people spend their time and resources, what they consider important in their environment, and what they think of themselves and the world around them.

Accepted Answer

Lifestyle is primarily concerned with how individuals spend their time and resources, their values and beliefs, and how they perceive themselves and their environment. It is not necessarily tied to a specific moral philosophy or social class. While there may be some shared values and interests within a society, this is not the central focus of lifestyle. Choice E captures the essence of lifestyle most accurately.

Question 9

The VALS framework
A) is a well-known personality assessment.
B) involves applying cognitive learning theory to segments that have low awareness of a product.
C) examines the intersection of psychology, demographics, and lifestyles.
D) is a study on the hierarchy of needs.
E) is a form of geodemographic segmentation.

Accepted Answer

The VALS framework examines the intersection of psychology (personality), demographics, and lifestyles to classify consumers into distinct groups.

Question 10

Brand loyalty refers to
A) the group of brands that a consumer would consider acceptable from among all the brands in the product class of which he or she is aware.
B) a favorable attitude toward and consistent purchase of a single brand over time.
C) a formalized agreement of a vendor to carry one brand over another because it views the quality of that brand to be superior to all others.
D) the willingness of consumers to try a new brand in a brand line based upon their satisfaction with other brands in the line.
E) the faith that other products manufactured by the same company with the same brand name will be of the same quality.

Accepted Answer

Brand loyalty refers to the consistent purchase of a single brand over time. It is when a consumer favors a particular brand and becomes a regular and loyal customer of that brand.

Question 11

An attitude refers to
A) a person's consistent behaviors or responses to recurring situations.
B) the process by which an individual selects, organizes, and interprets information to create a meaningful picture of the world.
C) a consumer's subjective perception of how a product or brand performs on different attributes based on personal experience, advertising, and discussions with other people.
D) the feelings one has about the preferable modes of conduct that tend to persist over time.
E) a learned predisposition to respond to an object or class of objects in a consistently favorable or unfavorable way.

Accepted Answer

An attitude is a learned predisposition to respond to an object or class of objects in a consistently favorable or unfavorable way. The other options refer to consistent behaviors or responses (A), the process of perception (B), a consumer's perception of a product (C), and feelings about preferable modes of conduct (D), which are not the same as attitudes.

Question 12

A favorable attitude toward and consistent purchase of a single brand over time is referred to as
A) stimulus generalization.
B) attitudinal discrimination.
C) brand loyalty.
D) behavioral loyalty.
E) consumer allegiance.

Accepted Answer

Brand loyalty refers to a consumer's favorable attitude toward and consistent purchase of a single brand over time. Stimulus generalization refers to the tendency for stimuli similar to a conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses. Attitudinal discrimination refers to the ability to differentiate between similar attitudes. Behavioral loyalty refers to a consumer's actual repeat purchase behavior, which may or may not be driven by loyalty to a specific brand. Consumer allegiance is not a commonly used term in marketing.

Question 13

Marketers use three approaches to try to change consumer attitudes toward products and brands.One of these is
A) reinforcing the consumers' sense of self-confidence in making wise purchase decisions.
B) actively educating consumers about the product's competitive advantages.
C) refocusing a consumer's attention from one attribute to another.
D) changing beliefs about the extent to which a brand has certain attributes.
E) denigrating the attributes of competitors' products.

Accepted Answer

Marketers use three approaches to try to change consumer attitudes toward products and brands: (1)changing beliefs about the extent to which a brand has certain attributes,(2)changing the perceived importance of attributes,and (3)adding new attributes to the product.

Question 14

A learned predisposition to respond to an object or class of objects in a consistently favorable or unfavorable way is referred to as
A) an attitude.
B) a belief.
C) a value.
D) a motivation.
E) a perception.

Accepted Answer

An attitude is a learned predisposition to respond to an object or class of objects in a consistently favorable or unfavorable way. Beliefs refer to specific thoughts or opinions about a certain topic, while values are broader concepts that reflect preferences for certain behaviors or outcomes. Motivation refers to the driving force behind behavior, and perception refers to the interpretation of sensory information.

Question 15

What attitude change approach did Colgate marketers use to encourage consumers to purchase its product when it began to include the antibacterial agent triclosan in its product?
A) changing beliefs about the extent to which a brand has certain attributes
B) changing the perceived importance of attributes
C) adding new attributes to the product
D) providing free trials of the new product
E) obtaining a seal of approval to reduce consumers' risk and encourage purchases

Accepted Answer

The answer of What attitude change approach did Colgate marketers...

Question 16

Which of the following statements about attitudes is false?
A) Marketers are primarily concerned with American core values when developing advertising messages.
B) Attitudes are learned.
C) Attitudes are shaped by one's values and beliefs.
D) An attitude results in responses that are consistently favorable or unfavorable.
E) Personal values affect attitudes by influencing the importance assigned to specific product attributes.

Accepted Answer

The statement that marketers are primarily concerned with American core values when developing advertising messages is false. Marketers should consider the core values of the specific target audience they are trying to reach, which may differ based on factors such as culture, ethnicity, age, and gender.

Question 17

Most people already know that Tums,a popular antacid,contains calcium.Today,ads for Tums stress both the fact that it can be used as a calcium supplement and the health benefits of calcium.The new promotion involves changing consumers' attitudes toward Tums by
A) changing beliefs about the extent to which Tums has a specific attribute.
B) changing the perceived importance of a specific attribute.
C) adding a new attribute.
D) reducing the perceived risk.
E) providing stimulus generalization to prospective buyers.

Accepted Answer

The new promotion is focusing on the health benefits of calcium, thereby changing consumers' perceived importance of one of Tums' attributes. This shift in attitude is likely to make consumers more likely to choose Tums as a calcium supplement, as well as an antacid.

Question 18

VALS groups of consumers motivated by __________ are those who are guided by knowledge and principle.
A) ideals
B) achievement
C) self-expression
D) rewards
E) success

Accepted Answer

VALS groups motivated by ideals are guided by knowledge and principle. They are motivated by a desire for social responsibility, a sense of belonging, and a desire for self-actualization. They are often politically and socially aware and are likely to be involved in environmental and social causes.

Question 19

A mode of living that is identified by how people spend their time and resources,what they consider important in their environment,and what they think of themselves and the world around them is referred to as
A) culture.
B) psychographics.
C) social class.
D) lifestyle.
E) reference group.

Accepted Answer

A mode of living that is identified by how people spend their time and resources, what they consider important in their environment, and what they think of themselves and the world around them is referred to as a lifestyle. Culture refers to the customs, beliefs, and practices of a particular group or society. Psychographics are the study of personality, values, attitudes, interests, and lifestyles. Social class refers to the hierarchical divisions of a society based on certain socioeconomic characteristics. Reference group refers to a group of people that an individual uses as a standard for comparison in forming attitudes, beliefs, or behavior.

Question 20

If you hold a personal value of thriftiness,then you probably will have a favorable __________ toward automobiles with good fuel economy.
A) belief
B) value
C) attitude
D) motivation
E) perception

Accepted Answer

Attitude refers to a person's evaluation or feeling toward a certain object or situation, which is based on their values and beliefs. Thus, if a person values thriftiness, they are likely to have a positive attitude toward automobiles with good fuel economy. Belief (A) refers to a person's conviction about the truth or falsity of a proposition or idea. Value (B) is a person's fundamental belief about what is important, good or worthwhile. Motivation (D) refers to the driving force behind a person's behavior. Perception (E) refers to the interpretation of sensory information to form a meaningful experience. While beliefs, values, motivation, and perception can impact attitude, attitude is the most appropriate choice in this context.

Quiz 4: Understanding Consumer Behavior

Beliefs refer to

Toyota was the first auto manufacturer to introduce a self-parking feature that it called Intelligent Parking Assist.Originally it was available as an option on the Toyota Prius in the Japanese market.Toyota was trying to change consumer attitudes about the vehicle by

Pepsi-Cola made "freshness" an important product attribute when it stamped freshness dates on its cans.Prior to doing so,few consumers considered freshness a relevant issue for soft drinks.Pepsi-Cola tried to change consumers' attitudes toward its soft drinks by

A consumer's subjective perception of how a product or brand performs on different attributes based on personal experience,advertising,and discussions with other people are referred to as

The VALS framework segments consumers based on

Which of the following statements about the VALS framework is false?

Which of the following statements about brand loyalty is most accurate?

Lifestyle refers to

The VALS framework

Brand loyalty refers to

An attitude refers to

A favorable attitude toward and consistent purchase of a single brand over time is referred to as

Marketers use three approaches to try to change consumer attitudes toward products and brands.One of these is

A learned predisposition to respond to an object or class of objects in a consistently favorable or unfavorable way is referred to as

What attitude change approach did Colgate marketers use to encourage consumers to purchase its product when it began to include the antibacterial agent triclosan in its product?

Which of the following statements about attitudes is false?

Most people already know that Tums,a popular antacid,contains calcium.Today,ads for Tums stress both the fact that it can be used as a calcium supplement and the health benefits of calcium.The new promotion involves changing consumers' attitudes toward Tums by

VALS groups of consumers motivated by __________ are those who are guided by knowledge and principle.

A mode of living that is identified by how people spend their time and resources,what they consider important in their environment,and what they think of themselves and the world around them is referred to as

If you hold a personal value of thriftiness,then you probably will have a favorable __________ toward automobiles with good fuel economy.