Question 1

A dispositional tendency to experience unpleasant moods such as hostility, nervousness, and annoyance is called _____.

Accepted Answer

Negative affectivity refers to a dispositional tendency to experience negative emotions such as anger, sadness, and anxiety. People with high levels of negative affectivity are more likely to experience unpleasant moods such as hostility, nervousness, and annoyance.

Question 2

Neuroticism is associated with a(n) _____ to stressors, meaning that neurotic people are more likely to appraise day-to-day situations as stressful.

Accepted Answer

Differential exposure refers to the idea that some people are more likely to encounter stressful life events. While this is not directly related to neuroticism, the question is asking about the tendency for neurotic individuals to perceive situations as stressful, which would fall under the broader concept of differential exposure. The other answer choices do not accurately capture this concept.

Question 3

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator evaluates individuals on the basis of all of these types of preferences except:

Accepted Answer

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator does not evaluate individuals on the basis of short-term versus long-term orientation, making option E the correct choice. The other options listed are all preferences that the test assesses.

Question 4

Rikey flunked the midterm and tells everyone it's the teacher's fault.He didn't study because he knew it was just a waste of time.After all, he knew the "teacher had it in for him." Rikey demonstrates a(an) ______.

Accepted Answer

Rikey's behavior shows that he is placing blame on external factors, such as the teacher, for his poor performance rather than taking responsibility for his own actions. This is an example of an external locus of control, where individuals attribute outcomes to factors beyond their control.

Question 5

Sam and Matilda are successful stock brokers working with Invest Right Broking.Before striking a deal with a company, Sam reviews the company's reports and past data.Matilda on the other hand buys stock based on speculation.According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, the _____ type best describes Sam and the _____ type best describes Matilda.

Accepted Answer

Sam's approach of reviewing past data and reports indicates a preference for sensing, which involves gathering information through the five senses and paying attention to concrete details. Matilda's approach of buying stock based on speculation suggests a preference for intuition, which involves focusing on abstract ideas and possibilities rather than concrete details.

Question 6

"Approaching tasks by planning and setting goals" describes the _____ type of Myers-Briggs indicator.

Accepted Answer

The trait of approaching tasks by planning and setting goals is a characteristic of the judging type in the Myers-Briggs indicator. Judging personalities tend to prefer structure, order, and predictability in their lives, and they tend to be organized and planful in their approach to tasks and decisions.

Question 7

In the Big Five taxonomy, the personality dimension _____ is more likely to be valuable in jobs that require high levels of creativity.

Accepted Answer

Openness to experience is the personality dimension that relates to creativity, imagination, and innovation. Individuals high in openness are more likely to be curious, adventurous, and willing to explore new ideas and possibilities, which can be valuable in jobs that require creativity, such as artists, designers, writers, or scientists. Therefore, option E is the best choice.

Question 8

_____ reflects a strong desire to obtain power and influence within a social structure as a means of expressing personality.

Accepted Answer

Status striving reflects a strong desire to obtain power and influence within a social structure. This motivation is driven by a desire to express one's personality and assert oneself within the hierarchy of the group or community. The other choices, such as accomplishment striving or attainment striving, may denote goals related to personal achievement or success, but do not specifically concern the pursuit of power or influence within a group. Fellowship striving and communion striving, on the other hand, are focused on building social connections and fostering a sense of connection with others, rather than on achieving individual power or status.

Question 9

Neuroticism is linked to a(n) _____ to stressors, meaning that neurotic people are less likely to believe they can cope with the stressors that they experience.

Accepted Answer

"Differential reactivity" refers to the extent to which individuals differ in their emotional and physiological responses to stressors. Neuroticism is positively correlated with differential reactivity, meaning that neurotic individuals are more reactive to stress and less likely to believe they can cope with it effectively.

Question 10

Rita can be described as an ambitious individual.She joined Atlas Corporation as a junior recruiter and wants to climb the corporate ladder to become a team leader in the future.She strives for power and influence at work.Having that goal in mind Rita storks hard to build up her reputation, makes time to interact with not only her manager but other managers as well, and lets everyone know how passionate she is about working at Atlas.In the context of the Big Five taxonomy, the personality dimension _____ best describes Rita.

Accepted Answer

Rita's ambition, drive for power and influence, and willingness to build a reputation indicate high levels of extraversion, which is associated with assertiveness and sociability. Additionally, her work ethic and focus on her goals demonstrate conscientiousness, which is associated with responsibility, dependability, and detail orientation.

Question 11

The Big Five dimension neuroticism is synonymous with _____.

Accepted Answer

Neuroticism is often described as an individual's tendency to experience negative emotions such as anxiety, fear, and sadness. This is closely related to the concept of negative affectivity, which refers to a general disposition towards experiencing negative emotions. Therefore, choice E, negative affectivity, is the best synonym for neuroticism.

Question 12

In the context of the Big Five taxonomy, the personality dimension _____ is also called "inquisitiveness" or "intellectualness."

Accepted Answer

The personality dimension that is also called "inquisitiveness" or "intellectualness" is openness to experience. This dimension refers to a person's level of creativity, imagination, and appreciation for aesthetic experiences. It is one of the five main dimensions of personality in the Big Five taxonomy, along with conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.

Question 13

The most appropriate use of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is:

Accepted Answer

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator can be used to identify and understand individual differences in personality traits, communication styles, and preferences. This makes it most appropriate for use in a team-building context, where understanding and leveraging these differences can lead to more effective team dynamics and overall performance. Using it to predict job satisfaction, motivation, or performance would not be as appropriate, as these factors are influenced by a range of individual and organizational factors beyond personality type.

Question 14

A dispositional tendency to experience pleasant, engaging moods such as enthusiasm, excitement, and elations refers to _____.

Accepted Answer

Positive affectivity refers to a person's tendency to experience pleasant emotions such as joy, excitement, and enthusiasm. It is considered one of the dimensions of the Big Five personality traits, along with neuroticism, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness.

Question 15

Extraverted people tend to be high in:

Accepted Answer

Extraverted people tend to experience positive emotions and engage in social interactions, leading to a general sense of positivity and enjoyment in life. This is captured by the trait of positive affectivity.

Question 16

_____, who are more energetic and outgoing, are perceived to be more "leader like."

Accepted Answer

Extraverts are known for being sociable, outgoing, and energetic. These traits are commonly associated with leadership qualities, as extraverts tend to be comfortable in social settings and enjoy taking charge of group activities. Research has shown that individuals with extraverted personalities are more likely to emerge as leaders in group settings, suggesting that extraversion is a key predictor of leadership potential.

Question 17

_____ reflects whether people attribute the causes of events to themselves or to the external environment.

Accepted Answer

Locus of control reflects whether people attribute the causes of events to themselves (internal locus of control) or to the external environment (external locus of control).

Question 18

The Big Five dimension _____ is also called by its flip side: "Emotional Stability" or "Emotional Adjustment."

Accepted Answer

The Big Five dimension that is also called by its flip side "Emotional Stability" or "Emotional Adjustment" is Neuroticism. This dimension assesses how prone individuals are to experience negative emotions such as worry, anxiety, and insecurity. High levels of neuroticism are associated with emotional instability, whereas low levels of neuroticism indicate emotional stability.

Question 19

Together with cognitive ability, _____ is a key driver of creative thought, as smart and open people excel at the style of thinking demanded by creativity.

Accepted Answer

Openness to experience is a key driver of creative thought and is positively correlated with traits such as imagination and flexibility, making individuals more likely to engage in unconventional thinking and generate original ideas. Research has shown that people high in openness to experience are more likely to pursue creative careers and engage in artistic and scientific pursuits.

Question 20

Neurotic people tend to:

Accepted Answer

Neurotic individuals tend to experience high levels of anxiety, which is often related to a sense of not being in control of their environment or circumstances. Therefore, they are more likely to hold an external locus of control, meaning they believe their fate is determined by external factors rather than their own actions. The other options are not necessarily associated with neuroticism.

Quiz 9: Personality and Cultural Values