Question 1

The Gestalt psychologists belonged to a movement that began in Germany and became influential in the mid-20^th century.Describe the concept that was central to their approach to perception.Then name four Gestalt principles and give an example that illustrates each principle.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Gestalt psychologists belonged to a movement...

Question 2

The intensity of a wave's pressure corresponds to a sound's pitch.

Accepted Answer

The intensity of a wave's pressure corresponds to a sound's volume or loudness, not its pitch. The pitch is determined by the frequency of the wave.

Question 3

Cones are predominantly gathered in a central part of the retina known as the _____.
A)fovea
B)photoreceptor
C)blind spot
D)optic chiasm

Accepted Answer

Cones are clustered in the fovea, which is the central region of the retina and responsible for high acuity vision.

Question 4

Which gestalt principle refers to the perceptual rule that lines and other objects tend to be continuous,rather than abruptly changing direction?
A)Figure-ground
B)Continuity
C)Proximity and similarity
D)Psychophysics

Accepted Answer

Continuity is the gestalt principle that refers to the perceptual rule that lines and other objects tend to be continuous, rather than abruptly changing direction. This principle suggests that our brains prefer to see smooth, continuous patterns rather than disrupted or disjointed ones.

Question 5

Is it reasonable to conclude that subliminal messages have a strong effect on behavior?
A)No,research shows that they have no effect whatsoever.
B)No,although research shows they might have mild effects.
C)Yes,the research shows that subliminal ads are powerful.
D)Conclusions about subliminal messages have not been reached by psychologists.

Accepted Answer

While some research suggests that subliminal messages might have mild effects on behavior, there is no evidence to suggest that they have a strong effect. Therefore, it is not reasonable to conclude that subliminal messages have a strong effect on behavior.

Question 6

There are no effective treatments for phantom limb pain.

Accepted Answer

While there is no one specific treatment that works for everyone, there are several treatments available for relieving phantom limb pain such as medications, sensory stimulation, nerve blocks, and psychological therapies.

Question 7

Despite the fact that we have only about 1,000 different types of receptors,we can detect about 10,000 different odors.

Accepted Answer

This is because smell perception is not determined solely by the number of receptors, but also by the pattern of activation produced by different combinations of receptors.

Question 8

A sound coming from your left will reach your left year faster and with more intensity than your right year.Your brain can use these two facts to compute the location of the sound's source.

Accepted Answer

This is correct, as the brain uses the difference in arrival time and intensity between the two ears to determine the location of a sound.

Question 9

The _____ in the thalamus is where the optic nerves from the left and right eyes converge.
A)fovea
B)optic chiasm
C)lateral geniculate nucleus
D)retina

Accepted Answer

The lateral geniculate nucleus is the structure in the thalamus where the optic nerves from the left and right eyes converge. The fovea is a small depression on the retina that is responsible for sharp central vision. The optic chiasm is the point at which the optic nerves from each eye cross over to the opposite side of the brain. The retina is the layer of tissue at the back of the eye that senses light and sends signals to the brain.

Question 10

Failure to notice particular stimuli when paying close attention to others is known as _____.
A)misattention
B)divided attention
C)multitasking
D)intentional blindness

Accepted Answer

Failure to notice particular stimuli when paying close attention to others is known as 'intentional blindness'. This is a phenomenon where an individual is unable to recognize unexpected stimuli that is in plain sight when attention is focused on something else.

Question 11

Sound waves are collected by the outer ear and channeled down the auditory canal.Describe the major structures of the ear and describe the role each plays in the process of hearing.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sound waves are collected by the outer...

Question 12

Walking on a crowded downtown sidewalk,Ben thinks he hears his name called,but when he turns around,he cannot find anyone who might be speaking to him.In terms of signal detection theory,mistakenly believing he heard his name is an example of a _____.
A)hit
B)miss
C)bogus hit
D)false alarm

Accepted Answer

Mistakenly believing he heard his name when no one actually called it is an example of a false alarm in signal detection theory.

Question 13

Ordinarily we need to know not only what something is,but also where it is.Because vision doesn't give us this information directly,we must infer it.Explain five of the visual cues listed in the textbook.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ordinarily we need to know not only...

Question 14

People with tactile agnosia have difficulty identifying objects by touching them.

Accepted Answer

Tactile agnosia, also known as astereognosis, is a neurological condition that affects a person's ability to recognize objects by touch, even though their sensory system is functioning normally.

Question 15

The minimum stimulation required to detect a stimulus is a(n)_____,whereas the minimum required to detect the difference between two stimuli is a(n)_____.
A)just noticeable difference; difference threshold
B)absolute threshold; difference threshold
C)difference threshold; absolute threshold
D)just noticeable difference; absolute threshold

Accepted Answer

The minimum stimulation required to detect a stimulus is called the absolute threshold, which is the minimum intensity of a stimulus that can be detected 50% of the time. The minimum required to detect the difference, also known as the noticeable difference or difference threshold, is the smallest difference between two stimuli that can be detected 50% of the time. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.

Question 16

There are two levels of processing involved in color vision.The first occurs in the retina and the second in the nerves cells that relay and process color information.Identify and explain the theory associated with each level.

Accepted Answer

The answer of There are two levels of processing involved...

Question 17

Humans can recognize approximately 10,000 different smells.Explain how this is possible,including a general description of the olfactory process.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Humans can recognize approximately 10,000 different smells.Explain...

Question 18

Your professor allows students to listen to music while taking an exam.According to the research on multitasking,these students will most likely perform:
A)better than if they were not listening to music.
B)worse than if they were not listening to music.
C)differently depending on each particular student's ability to multitask.
D)the same as if they were not listening to music.

Accepted Answer

Research on multitasking suggests that when individuals engage in multiple tasks simultaneously, their performance on each task tends to suffer. Therefore, students who listen to music while taking an exam are likely to perform worse than if they were not multitasking by listening to music.

Question 19

Signal detection theory improves on simple thresholds by including the influence of:
A)psychological factors,such as expectations.
B)engineering factors,such as how well a set of speakers is designed.
C)whether an individual has hearing or visual impairments.
D)the actual intensity of the stimulus.

Accepted Answer

Signal detection theory accounts for individual differences in perception by considering psychological factors such as expectations, motivation, and attention in addition to the physical characteristics of a stimulus.

Question 20

_____ is the study of how physical events relate to psychological perceptions of those events.
A)Sensation
B)Sensory adaptation
C)Perception
D)Psychophysics

Accepted Answer

Psychophysics is the branch of psychology that studies how physical stimuli are translated into psychological experience. It explores the relationship between the physical properties of stimuli, such as their intensity and frequency, and the subjective experiences they produce, such as perceptions of color, sound, and touch. Sensation refers to the initial detection of stimuli by sensory receptors, while perception is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to make sense of the world. Sensory adaptation is the phenomenon where sensory receptors become less responsive to a constant or repeated stimulus over time.

Quiz 4: Sensation and Perception

The Gestalt psychologists belonged to a movement that began in Germany and became influential in the mid-20^th century.Describe the concept that was central to their approach to perception.Then name four Gestalt principles and give an example that illustrates each principle.

The intensity of a wave's pressure corresponds to a sound's pitch.

Cones are predominantly gathered in a central part of the retina known as the _____.

Which gestalt principle refers to the perceptual rule that lines and other objects tend to be continuous,rather than abruptly changing direction?

Is it reasonable to conclude that subliminal messages have a strong effect on behavior?

There are no effective treatments for phantom limb pain.

Despite the fact that we have only about 1,000 different types of receptors,we can detect about 10,000 different odors.

A sound coming from your left will reach your left year faster and with more intensity than your right year.Your brain can use these two facts to compute the location of the sound's source.

The _____ in the thalamus is where the optic nerves from the left and right eyes converge.

Failure to notice particular stimuli when paying close attention to others is known as _____.

Sound waves are collected by the outer ear and channeled down the auditory canal.Describe the major structures of the ear and describe the role each plays in the process of hearing.

Walking on a crowded downtown sidewalk,Ben thinks he hears his name called,but when he turns around,he cannot find anyone who might be speaking to him.In terms of signal detection theory,mistakenly believing he heard his name is an example of a _____.

Ordinarily we need to know not only what something is,but also where it is.Because vision doesn't give us this information directly,we must infer it.Explain five of the visual cues listed in the textbook.

People with tactile agnosia have difficulty identifying objects by touching them.

The minimum stimulation required to detect a stimulus is a(n) _,whereas the minimum required to detect the difference between two stimuli is a(n) _.

There are two levels of processing involved in color vision.The first occurs in the retina and the second in the nerves cells that relay and process color information.Identify and explain the theory associated with each level.

Humans can recognize approximately 10,000 different smells.Explain how this is possible,including a general description of the olfactory process.

Your professor allows students to listen to music while taking an exam.According to the research on multitasking,these students will most likely perform:

Signal detection theory improves on simple thresholds by including the influence of:

_____ is the study of how physical events relate to psychological perceptions of those events.

Quiz 4: Sensation and Perception

The Gestalt psychologists belonged to a movement that began in Germany and became influential in the mid-20th century.Describe the concept that was central to their approach to perception.Then name four Gestalt principles and give an example that illustrates each principle.

The intensity of a wave's pressure corresponds to a sound's pitch.

Cones are predominantly gathered in a central part of the retina known as the _____.

Which gestalt principle refers to the perceptual rule that lines and other objects tend to be continuous,rather than abruptly changing direction?

Is it reasonable to conclude that subliminal messages have a strong effect on behavior?

There are no effective treatments for phantom limb pain.

Despite the fact that we have only about 1,000 different types of receptors,we can detect about 10,000 different odors.

A sound coming from your left will reach your left year faster and with more intensity than your right year.Your brain can use these two facts to compute the location of the sound's source.

The _____ in the thalamus is where the optic nerves from the left and right eyes converge.

Failure to notice particular stimuli when paying close attention to others is known as _____.

Sound waves are collected by the outer ear and channeled down the auditory canal.Describe the major structures of the ear and describe the role each plays in the process of hearing.

Walking on a crowded downtown sidewalk,Ben thinks he hears his name called,but when he turns around,he cannot find anyone who might be speaking to him.In terms of signal detection theory,mistakenly believing he heard his name is an example of a _____.

Ordinarily we need to know not only what something is,but also where it is.Because vision doesn't give us this information directly,we must infer it.Explain five of the visual cues listed in the textbook.

People with tactile agnosia have difficulty identifying objects by touching them.

The minimum stimulation required to detect a stimulus is a(n) _____,whereas the minimum required to detect the difference between two stimuli is a(n) _____.

There are two levels of processing involved in color vision.The first occurs in the retina and the second in the nerves cells that relay and process color information.Identify and explain the theory associated with each level.

Humans can recognize approximately 10,000 different smells.Explain how this is possible,including a general description of the olfactory process.

Your professor allows students to listen to music while taking an exam.According to the research on multitasking,these students will most likely perform:

Signal detection theory improves on simple thresholds by including the influence of:

_____ is the study of how physical events relate to psychological perceptions of those events.

The Gestalt psychologists belonged to a movement that began in Germany and became influential in the mid-20^th century.Describe the concept that was central to their approach to perception.Then name four Gestalt principles and give an example that illustrates each principle.

The minimum stimulation required to detect a stimulus is a(n) _,whereas the minimum required to detect the difference between two stimuli is a(n) _.