Question 1

If there were not theories in psychology,the situation might be characterized as

Accepted Answer

The answer of If there were not theories in psychology,the...

Question 2

The results of psychological studies are published in professional journals because scientific information must always be

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is D because scientific information should always be publicly available. This allows other researchers to replicate and verify the findings, which is important for strengthening the validity of the research. Publishing results in professional journals is a way to disseminate this information to the broader scientific community.

Question 3

When one designs a system of ideas so that concepts and facts are interrelated in such a way that existing data is summarized and future observations can be predicted,then this system of ideas is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A theory is a system of ideas that interrelates concepts and facts in a way that summarizes existing data and predicts future observations. A hypothesis is a tentative explanation that is subject to testing and modification. A commonsense statement is a belief or idea that is based on intuition or personal experience rather than empirical evidence. An operational definition is a precise description of how a variable is to be measured or manipulated in a particular study.

Question 4

The researcher stated that in his experiment,"Frustration is described as any interruption of the subject before he or she finishes the timed puzzle." This description is considered to be a(n)

Accepted Answer

The description given in the experiment is an operational definition because it defines how frustration will be measured (i.e., through interruptions before completing the puzzle).

Question 5

Three research assistants were assigned the task of counting the number of times a particular student exhibited inattentive behaviors during a 30-minute math class.The first research assistant counted five inattentive behaviors,the second recorded eight,and the third observed only two.Assuming the three research assistants are equally accurate in what they observed,the most likely explanation for this discrepancy in recordings would be that the inattentive behavior

Accepted Answer

The most likely explanation for the discrepancy in recordings is that the inattentive behavior was not operationally defined. If each research assistant had their own definition or interpretation of what constituted inattentive behavior, then they may have counted different behaviors or missed others. It is important in research to have clear operational definitions to ensure consistency in observations.

Question 6

A set of exact procedures that represent particular variables is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A set of exact procedures that represent particular variables is called an operational definition. An operational definition explains how a variable is measured or manipulated in a study, providing clarity and validity to the research.

Question 7

Conlon and his colleagues conducted an experiment and found that goal-focused individuals lost more weight than did either achievement-focused or no-focus control individuals.These researchers also found that goal-focused individuals were more committed to reaching their goal weights.They interpreted their results as consistent with the findings of other studies on motivation and relevant to the design of health intervention programs.At this point in their research,Conlon and his associates are

Accepted Answer

The answer of Conlon and his colleagues conducted an experiment...

Question 8

Dr.Johan read the results of a study on conversational patterns of men and women that was conducted with college student participants.He decides to repeat this experiment using middle­aged and older adults.Dr.Johan's study would be considered a(n)

Accepted Answer

Dr. Johan's study would be considered a replication because he is repeating a previous study with a different population to see if the results are consistent.

Question 9

Research reports begin with a very brief summary of the study and its findings.This is known as the

Accepted Answer

The brief summary at the beginning of research reports is known as the abstract.

Question 10

To determine whether weight loss is easier when you maintain a goal focus,Conlon and his colleagues assigned participants to one of three weight loss groups,goal-focused,achievement-focused,and no-focus control.Each group met for 12 weekly meetings and had access to a special website.At this point in their research,Conlon and his associates were completing which step in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Gathering evidence to test their hypothesis. This can be inferred from the fact that the study was conducted to determine whether weight loss is easier when maintaining a goal focus compared to achievement focus or no focus control, indicating that the researchers were testing a hypothesis.

Question 11

The researcher stated that in his experiment,aggression will be described as "the number of times a frustrated individual insults the person who prevented work on the puzzle." This description is considered to be a(n)

Accepted Answer

The description provided is an operational definition, as it defines aggression in terms of a specific observable behavior (insulting the person who prevented work on the puzzle).

Question 12

A researcher would disseminate the results of his or her study to the scientific community during which element of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

The dissemination of results to the scientific community is typically done through publication in scientific journals or presentations at conferences, which is part of the final step of the scientific method, which involves sharing the results with others.

Question 13

In order to permit scientific study,covert behaviors are

Accepted Answer

Covert behaviors are internal and not observable, so in order to study them, researchers must define and measure them through observable behaviors, or overt behaviors. This is known as operationalizing the covert behavior. Therefore, covert behaviors are operationally defined in terms of overt behavior.

Question 14

An industrial-organizational psychologist conducts an experiment to determine whether having control over difficult tasks reduces stress for game designers and finds this explanation to be true.Drawing on the results of similar experiments,this psychologist explains these overall findings by creating a

Accepted Answer

A theory is a broad explanation of a phenomenon that has been supported by numerous experiments and research. In this case, the psychologist is explaining the overall findings of similar experiments, which suggests a broad explanation that has been supported by past research. Therefore, the best choice is C.

Question 15

The results of a study become more credible when other researchers

Accepted Answer

Replication of results by other researchers is a critical part of the scientific process to ensure the validity and reliability of findings. When other researchers can replicate the results, it increases the credibility of the study and supports the validity of the findings. Therefore, choice B is the best answer.

Question 16

In a scholarly article in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,Conlon and his colleagues described the question they investigated,the methods they used,and the results of their study comparing goal-focused and achievement-focused dieters.This part of the scientific method is referred to as

Accepted Answer

In this part of the scientific method, the researchers publish the results of their study.

Question 17

Which of the following summarize observations,explain these observations,allow prediction,and guide future research?

Accepted Answer

Good theories summarize observations, explain these observations, allow prediction, and guide future research. Accurate hypotheses represent specific predictions, operational definitions define key terms and variables, and statistical results simply provide numerical summaries of data.

Question 18

Four developmental psychologists have been conducting separate research into the patterns of language development of deaf children.They meet in Chicago to discuss,summarize,and,hopefully,interrelate their conclusions from their published works and propose future research on this topic.Within the framework of the scientific method,these psychologists would most likely be

Accepted Answer

The psychologists have already conducted separate research and are now working to summarize, interrelate and propose future research on the topic of language development of deaf children. This indicates that they are engaged in theory building, which involves developing theories or explanations for the patterns they have observed. The other options may be part of the scientific method, but do not accurately describe the activities that the psychologists are currently engaged in.

Question 19

In order to determine whether women talk more than men,a group of researchers used an electronically activated recorder to track people's conversations,counting the number of words spoken in a day by women and men.These researchers used the recorder during which step in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

The researchers used an electronically activated recorder to gather evidence and test the hypothesis that women talk more than men, which is a key step in the scientific method.

Question 20

Theory building is important in psychology because it

Accepted Answer

Theory building in psychology is important because it provides explanations for phenomena and guides future research. It helps to create a framework for understanding complex psychological processes and can generate new hypotheses for further investigation. Theory building does not prevent the use of empirical methods or rely heavily on naturalistic observation.

Quiz 3: Introducing Psychology: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

If there were not theories in psychology,the situation might be characterized as

The results of psychological studies are published in professional journals because scientific information must always be

When one designs a system of ideas so that concepts and facts are interrelated in such a way that existing data is summarized and future observations can be predicted,then this system of ideas is known as a(n)

The researcher stated that in his experiment,"Frustration is described as any interruption of the subject before he or she finishes the timed puzzle." This description is considered to be a(n)

A set of exact procedures that represent particular variables is called a(n)

Dr.Johan read the results of a study on conversational patterns of men and women that was conducted with college student participants.He decides to repeat this experiment using middleaged and older adults.Dr.Johan's study would be considered a(n)

Research reports begin with a very brief summary of the study and its findings.This is known as the

The researcher stated that in his experiment,aggression will be described as "the number of times a frustrated individual insults the person who prevented work on the puzzle." This description is considered to be a(n)

A researcher would disseminate the results of his or her study to the scientific community during which element of the scientific method?

In order to permit scientific study,covert behaviors are

The results of a study become more credible when other researchers

In a scholarly article in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,Conlon and his colleagues described the question they investigated,the methods they used,and the results of their study comparing goal-focused and achievement-focused dieters.This part of the scientific method is referred to as

Which of the following summarize observations,explain these observations,allow prediction,and guide future research?

In order to determine whether women talk more than men,a group of researchers used an electronically activated recorder to track people's conversations,counting the number of words spoken in a day by women and men.These researchers used the recorder during which step in the scientific method?

Theory building is important in psychology because it

Quiz 3: Introducing Psychology: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

If there were not theories in psychology,the situation might be characterized as

The results of psychological studies are published in professional journals because scientific information must always be

When one designs a system of ideas so that concepts and facts are interrelated in such a way that existing data is summarized and future observations can be predicted,then this system of ideas is known as a(n)

The researcher stated that in his experiment,"Frustration is described as any interruption of the subject before he or she finishes the timed puzzle." This description is considered to be a(n)

A set of exact procedures that represent particular variables is called a(n)

Dr.Johan read the results of a study on conversational patterns of men and women that was conducted with college student participants.He decides to repeat this experiment using middle­aged and older adults.Dr.Johan's study would be considered a(n)

Research reports begin with a very brief summary of the study and its findings.This is known as the

The researcher stated that in his experiment,aggression will be described as "the number of times a frustrated individual insults the person who prevented work on the puzzle." This description is considered to be a(n)

A researcher would disseminate the results of his or her study to the scientific community during which element of the scientific method?

In order to permit scientific study,covert behaviors are

The results of a study become more credible when other researchers

In a scholarly article in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,Conlon and his colleagues described the question they investigated,the methods they used,and the results of their study comparing goal-focused and achievement-focused dieters.This part of the scientific method is referred to as

Which of the following summarize observations,explain these observations,allow prediction,and guide future research?

In order to determine whether women talk more than men,a group of researchers used an electronically activated recorder to track people's conversations,counting the number of words spoken in a day by women and men.These researchers used the recorder during which step in the scientific method?

Theory building is important in psychology because it

Dr.Johan read the results of a study on conversational patterns of men and women that was conducted with college student participants.He decides to repeat this experiment using middleaged and older adults.Dr.Johan's study would be considered a(n)