Question 1

Paranoid personality disorder is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Paranoid personality disorder is characterized by pervasive and unwarranted distrust and suspiciousness towards others. Individuals with this disorder often assume that others intend to harm, deceive or exploit them. This can interfere with their ability to form close relationships and cause significant distress in their lives.

Question 2

In the movie As Good As It Gets, actor Jack Nicholson plays the character of Melvin Udall, a gifted writer who always eats in the same restaurant, brings his own plastic utensils, and engages in strict patterns of behavior, such as repetitive hand washing or walking carefully on the sidewalk to avoid stepping on a crack. Failure to follow these ritual behaviors results in extreme anxiety and distress. The character Nicholson was portraying would probably be diagnosed with _____ disorder.

Accepted Answer

The character's rigid adherence to specific patterns of behavior and the distress experienced when those patterns are disrupted are consistent with symptoms associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Autism spectrum disorder may involve repetitive behaviors, but those behaviors would not typically be focused on specific rituals or routines for the purpose of reducing anxiety or distress. Tourette's involves involuntary tics and movements, not deliberate, purposeful behaviors aimed at reducing anxiety. Borderline personality disorder involves a pattern of unstable relationships and emotions, not specific repetitive behaviors.

Question 3

Zink is a clinical psychologist. Zink explains to his patient, Dave, that the reason Dave is so prone to panic attacks after he walks up three flights of stairs is that Dave is oversensitive to sensations of physical arousal and tends to irrationally distort the meaning of these sensations as calamitous or disastrous. From reading the chapter, you know that Dr. Zink is actually describing the _____ of panic disorder to Dave.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Zink is describing the catastrophic cognitions theory, which asserts that panic attacks are caused by exaggerated or irrational interpretations of sensations.

Question 4

Which of the following statements about social anxiety disorder is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that social anxiety disorder is more common among women than men.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor associated with suicide?

Accepted Answer

Flexible thinking and rational beliefs are protective factors that can reduce the likelihood of suicide, not risk factors. B, C, and D are all risk factors associated with suicide.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about bipolar disorder is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The lifetime risk of being affected by bipolar disorder is much lower than 15 percent; it is generally estimated to be around 1-3 percent.

Question 7

The viral infection theory of schizophrenia:

Accepted Answer

The viral infection theory of schizophrenia suggests that the development of schizophrenia is related to exposure to a virus during prenatal development or early infancy. This theory proposes that the virus triggers an inflammatory response in the brain, leading to the development of schizophrenia symptoms later in life.

Question 8

In terms of suicidal behavior, one consistent gender difference is that men:

Accepted Answer

Out of the given options, the most consistent gender difference in suicidal behavior is that men outnumber women in suicide deaths because they use more lethal methods such as firearms or hanging. Although women may attempt suicide more often, men are more likely to succeed in their attempts.

Question 9

A commonly seen _____ symptom that occurs in schizophrenia is _____.

Accepted Answer

A positive symptom commonly seen in schizophrenia is hallucinations, which are sensory experiences that are not based in reality. Negative symptoms, such as flat affect, refer to a lack of normal emotional expression or motivation. Sensory distortion is not a commonly recognized symptom of schizophrenia. Delusions can be either positive or negative symptoms, but they are not the most commonly seen symptom.

Question 10

Some people experience a less severe form of depressive disorder that is characterized by chronic low-grade depression with symptoms persisting for two years or longer. This less intense type of depression is called _____ disorder.

Accepted Answer

Persistent depressive disorder, also known as dysthymia, is characterized by a chronic low mood that persists for at least two years. This type of depression can be less severe than major depressive disorder but can still have a significant impact on a person's daily life. Seasonal affective disorder is a type of depression that occurs seasonally, typically in the winter months. Cyclothymic disorder is a type of mood disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of hypomania and depression. Dissociative disorder involves disruptions or dissociation of a person's identity, memory, or consciousness.

Question 11

Taijin kyofusho is:

Accepted Answer

Taijin kyofusho is a form of social anxiety disorder that is primarily seen in Japan, and it typically affects young males. It is characterized by a fear of offending or embarrassing others, resulting in avoidance of social situations.

Question 12

A(n) _____ is a brief, sudden, uncontrollable episode of acute anxiety and fear that rapidly escalates in intensity and usually includes physical symptoms like a pounding heart, rapid breathing, trembling, and feeling as if you are choking or cannot breathe.

Accepted Answer

The description matches the symptoms of a panic attack.

Question 13

_____ personality disorder involves exaggerated, overly dramatic expression of emotions and attention-seeking behavior that often includes sexually seductive or provocative behaviors.

Accepted Answer

The description given matches the symptoms of histrionic personality disorder, which is characterized by a need for attention and admiration, constantly seeking reassurance or approval, and often expressing themselves through dramatic and provocative behavior.

Question 14

An eating disorder in which the individual refuses to maintain a minimally normal body weight, is extremely afraid of gaining weight or becoming fat, and has a distorted perception about the size of his or her body is called:

Accepted Answer

The symptoms mentioned in the question are characteristic features of anorexia nervosa, which is an eating disorder characterized by a significant restriction in caloric intake, resulting in a low body weight. Individuals with anorexia nervosa have an intense fear of gaining weight, even when they are underweight. They often have a distorted perception of their body size or shape and may see themselves as overweight even when they are underweight.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about major depressive disorder is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The statement about the lifetime prevalence of major depressive disorder in Americans is false. The actual lifetime prevalence is lower, with estimates typically ranging around 16-20%, not as high as 25%.

Quiz 14: Section 5: Therapies