Question 1

Sophia hopes to minimize her stress levels,thinking it will help her to avoid ovarian cancer,which claimed the life of her grandmother.Sophia would be best advised to remember that:

Accepted Answer

While stress can have negative effects on one's health, including weakening the immune system and contributing to other illnesses, there is currently no evidence to suggest that stress causes cancer. Sophia may benefit from stress-reducing practices for overall well-being, but it is important for her to remember that avoiding stress does not inherently prevent ovarian cancer. Additionally, there is a small genetic component to ovarian cancer risk, but lifestyle factors such as regular exercise and a healthy diet may also have a protective effect.

Question 2

The term catharsis refers to emotional:

Accepted Answer

Catharsis is the release or purification of emotions, which can be experienced through artistic or dramatic expression or even talking about one's feelings.

Question 3

Heart disease and depression may both result when chronic stress triggers:

Accepted Answer

Chronic stress can lead to persistent inflammation in the body, which has been linked to both heart disease and depression. The release of NK cells and the production of lymphocytes are more related to the immune response to infections and cancer, and not as directly linked to these conditions. The release of oxytocin is more related to social bonding and positive emotions rather than chronic stress.

Question 4

For Type A individuals,exposure to stress is especially likely to inhibit organ activity,such as the ________ removing cholesterol and fat from the blood.

Accepted Answer

Type A individuals are more prone to stress-related health issues, and one of the organs that are likely to be negatively impacted by stress is the liver. The liver plays a crucial role in removing cholesterol and fat from the blood, but stress can impair its ability to perform this function effectively.

Question 5

The risk of coronary heart disease is increased by:

Accepted Answer

High blood pressure is a known risk factor for coronary heart disease, whereas reduced cortisol, Type B personality, and natural killer cells are not directly linked to increasing the risk of coronary heart disease.

Question 6

Anger is the toxic core of:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Anger is the toxic core of:
...

Question 7

In a nine-year study,Friedman and Rosenman reported that,compared with Type A men,Type B men were:

Accepted Answer

Friedman and Rosenman's study found that Type A men were more susceptible to heart attacks, while Type B men were less susceptible. Therefore, choice D is the correct answer. Neither choice A nor choice C accurately reflects the findings of the study.

Question 8

A Harvard School of Public Health research team studied 1306 initially healthy men over a 10-year period.They found that ________ were more than twice as likely as ________ to develop heart disease.

Accepted Answer

The research found that pessimists were more than twice as likely as optimists to develop heart disease. Optimism is often associated with better health outcomes, including lower risk of heart disease.

Question 9

Continuously high levels of ________ are an indication that a person is at high risk for a future heart attack.

Accepted Answer

Continuously high levels of cortisol, a stress hormone, have been linked to a higher risk of heart attack and other cardiovascular diseases.

Question 10

Depression increases the risk of death,especially death from:

Accepted Answer

Depression has been linked to an increased risk of developing coronary heart disease, and also increases the risk of death from this condition. There is no known link between depression and lupus, multiple sclerosis, or stomach cancer.

Question 11

Encouraging people to vent their anger in order to reduce aggressive urges presumes that angry expressions promote:

Accepted Answer

The concept of catharsis suggests that venting angry emotions can release built-up tension and reduce aggressive urges.

Question 12

Bernard is an ambitious,highly competitive corporate lawyer who recently had a heart attack.He tends to be impatient and a perfectionist,and he gets angry over little things.Research suggests that Bernard's susceptibility to heart attacks may be most closely linked to his:

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that anger and hostility are strong predictors of coronary heart disease. Bernard's tendency to get angry over little things may be the most closely linked to his susceptibility to heart attacks.

Question 13

Coronary heart disease involves:

Accepted Answer

Coronary heart disease involves the buildup of plaque in the walls of the coronary arteries, which can lead to narrowing and clogging of these blood vessels. This can result in reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, which can cause chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, or even a heart attack. It has nothing to do with immunodeficiency viruses, macrophages, or oxytocin secretions.

Question 14

Who is the best example of a Type A personality?

Accepted Answer

Type A personality is characterized by being competitive, ambitious, impatient, and often having a quick temper. Philip, the competitive and hot-tempered corporation president, fits these characteristics and is the best example of a Type A personality. Valentin, the self-confident journalist, may have some characteristics of a Type A personality, but not as strongly as Philip. Kane, the easygoing mail carrier, is likely a Type B personality. Thomas, the introverted mental patient, is not a good example for any personality type as mental illnesses can affect personality traits.

Question 15

Who is the best example of a Type B personality?

Accepted Answer

Type B personalities are typically relaxed and easygoing, which fits Wang Lung's character. The other answer choices exhibit Type A personality traits which are opposite to Type B traits.

Question 16

Chronic anger ________ the risk of heart disease,and chronic depression ________ the risk of heart disease.

Accepted Answer

Chronic anger and chronic depression both increase the risk of heart disease, as they can lead to chronic stress and inflammation in the body. Therefore, the correct choice is B, which states that chronic anger increases the risk of heart disease and chronic depression increases the risk of heart disease.

Question 17

Expressing anger can temporarily calm us if it:

Accepted Answer

While expressing anger can temporarily provide a release of tension and energy, if it leaves us feeling guilty or anxious it can contribute to long-term negative emotions and issues in relationships. Therefore, the best choice is B, as expressing anger without feeling guilty or anxious can provide Temporary release without negative consequences.

Question 18

Those who suppress their negative emotions in order to avoid social disapproval are at increased risk for a nonfatal heart attack.These individuals have been characterized as ________ personalities.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Those who suppress their negative emotions in...

Question 19

Researchers examined the photographs of 150 Major League Baseball players who had appeared in the 1952 Baseball Register and had died by 2009.Those who lived an average of 80 years rather than 73 years were distinguished by their:

Accepted Answer

The study found that those who lived longer had genuine smiles in their photographs, suggesting a possible link between positive emotions and longevity. Height, muscularity, and skin color did not show a significant correlation with lifespan in this study.

Question 20

Friedman and Rosenman referred to competitive,hard-driving,impatient,and easily angered individuals as ________ personalities.

Accepted Answer

Friedman and Rosenman coined the term Type A personalities to refer to individuals who possess traits such as competitiveness, impatience, and easily showing anger. Type B personalities, on the other hand, are typically more relaxed, patient, and easy-going. Type C personalities tend to hold their emotions inside and have a difficulty expressing themselves, while Type D personalities are characterized by negative emotions such as depression and anxiety.

Quiz 11: Stress, Health, and Human Flourishing