Question 1

Which of the following tends to be more theoretically oriented and at the micro level of analysis?
A) Organizational behavior
B) Organization theory
C) Organization development
D) Human resource management

Accepted Answer

Organizational behavior focuses on understanding individual and group behavior within organizations at a micro level, emphasizing theoretical frameworks and models to explain workplace dynamics.

Question 2

_____ go hand in hand in evidence-based management.
A) Theory and research
B) Theory and meta-analysis
C) Assumption and facts
D) Meta-analysis and research

Accepted Answer

Evidence-based management involves the use of theories as well as research findings to make informed decisions. Theories provide a framework for understanding phenomena, while research findings provide empirical evidence to support the validity of the theories. Thus, theory and research go hand in hand in evidence-based management.

B, C, and D are incorrect because while meta-analysis and facts could be part of evidence-based management, they are not directly related to the concept of theory and research being essential components of evidence-based management.

Question 3

Which among the following aspect of behavioral management was not emphasized by early pioneers of practicing management,such as Alfred P.Sloan?
A) Hierarchical structure
B) Specialization
C) Management functions of planning and controlling
D) Human dimension

Accepted Answer

Early pioneers of practicing management, such as Alfred P. Sloan, did not emphasize the human dimension of behavioral management as much as they did the other aspects listed. They were more focused on hierarchical structure, specialization, and management functions of planning and controlling.

Question 4

Increased productivity under controlled conditions can be attributed solely to the fact that the participants in the study are given special attention and that they are enjoying a novel,interesting experience.This can be referred to as:
A) social facilitation.
B) the paradigm effect.
C) groupthink.
D) the Hawthorne effect.

Accepted Answer

The Hawthorne effect refers to the phenomenon where individuals modify or improve their behavior when they know they are being observed or receiving special attention. In the case of the study mentioned in the question, the increased productivity could be attributed to the fact that the participants knew they were being observed and were given special attention, leading to improved performance. Social facilitation refers to the tendency for people to perform better when working in the presence of others, while groupthink refers to the tendency for individuals in a group to conform to the group's norms and beliefs, even if it goes against their own individual opinions. The paradigm effect is not a recognized psychological term.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT among the three most often used designs in organizational behavior research today?
A) The questionnaire
B) The case
C) The survey
D) The experiment

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT among...

Question 6

The relay room studies phase of the Hawthorne studies concluded that:
A) the productivity would increase if the length of workday was reduced.
B) productivity was directly proportional to rest breaks.
C) productivity was independent to the method of payment.
D) the independent variables by themselves were not causing the change in the dependent variable.

Accepted Answer

The relay room studies phase of the Hawthorne studies concluded that the independent variables by themselves, such as changes in lighting and rest breaks, were not causing the change in the dependent variable (productivity). This led researchers to begin exploring social factors, such as group dynamics and supervisor behavior, as potential drivers of productivity.

Question 7

Organizational behavior researchers strive to attain all of the following hallmarks of any science EXCEPT:
A) prediction.
B) understanding/explanation.
C) control.
D) diversification.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Organizational behavior researchers strive to attain all...

Question 8

According to social learning,behavior can best be explained in terms of a continuous reciprocal interaction among all of the following determinants EXCEPT:
A) cognitive.
B) behavioral.
C) motivational.
D) environmental.

Accepted Answer

Social learning theory emphasizes the interaction between cognitive, behavioral, and environmental factors, but motivation is not considered a primary determinant in this framework.

Question 9

Bill is a trainee executive in an accounting firm.He knows that in order to do well in his career,he needs to perform well.He has set internal standards for himself so that he can evaluate the discrepancy between the standard and the performance in order to improve it. According to Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory,which human capability is Bill concentrating on? A) Forethought B) Symbolizing C) Self-regulatory D) Self-reflective

Accepted Answer

Bill is focusing on the self-regulatory capability of Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory, which involves setting internal standards, evaluating the discrepancy between the standard and performance, and taking corrective action to improve performance.

Question 10

Which of the following tends to be more application oriented and at the macro level of analysis?
A) Organizational behavior
B) Organization theory
C) Organization development
D) Human resource management

Accepted Answer

Organization development tends to be more application oriented and at the macro level of analysis, focusing on improving the overall effectiveness and performance of organizations through planned interventions and change efforts. Organizational behavior, organization theory, and human resource management all involve analyzing individual and group behavior within organizations, but may not always have a specific focus on application or macro-level issues.

Question 11

The cognitive part of the SCT recognizes the influential contribution of thought processes to all of the following EXCEPT human:
A) motivation.
B) attitudes.
C) action.
D) perceptions.

Accepted Answer

The cognitive part of the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) emphasizes the role of thought processes in influencing motivation, attitudes, and actions, but not perceptions, which are more related to sensory experiences and interpretations.

Question 12

Which of the following tends to be more theoretically oriented and at the macro level of analysis?
A) Organizational behavior
B) Organization theory
C) Organization development
D) Human resource management

Accepted Answer

Organization theory is typically more theoretical and focuses on macro-level analysis of organizations and their behavior. Organizational behavior, organization development, and human resource management are more applied fields and typically focus on individual and group behavior within organizations.

Question 13

_____ is based on the idea,"An average of two contradicting management study results is probably the best estimate of how well or not that management technique works."
A) Experimental design
B) Meta-analysis
C) Controlling factors
D) Law of averages

Accepted Answer

Meta-analysis is a research method that involves systematically reviewing and synthesizing multiple studies on a particular topic to identify patterns, inconsistencies, and areas where more research is needed. The idea mentioned in the question is a common approach in meta-analysis, where multiple studies with contradicting results are combined and analyzed to provide an overall estimate of the effectiveness of a management technique. Experimental design refers to the process of planning and conducting controlled experiments to test hypotheses, while controlling factors involves keeping certain variables constant to isolate the effect of others. The law of averages is a statistical concept that predicts that over time, the outcomes of repeated events will converge to the expected value.

Question 14

The cognitive approach uses concepts all of the following concepts EXCEPT:
A) expectancy.
B) attitude.
C) demand.
D) intention.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The cognitive approach uses concepts all of...

Question 15

Which of the following tends to be more application oriented and at the micro level of analysis?
A) Organizational behavior
B) Organization theory
C) Organization development
D) Human resource management

Accepted Answer

Human resource management tends to be more application oriented and focused on the micro level of analysis, dealing with specific human resource functions such as recruitment, training, and compensation. Organizational behavior and organization theory are more theoretical and broader in their focus, while organization development is more focused on the macro level of analysis and the long-term strategic goals of the organization.

Question 16

The reason for the existence of the many theories in the field of organizational behavior is due to the _____ of the variables involved.
A) objectivity and multidimensionality
B) variance and complexity
C) logicality and unidirectional behavior
D) complexity and multidimensionality

Accepted Answer

The question is asking for the reason why there are many theories in the field of organizational behavior. The best answer is D, which states that the reason is the complexity and multidimensionality of the variables involved. Organizational behavior involves understanding and analyzing the behavior of individuals, groups, and organizations within complex systems, which requires multiple theories to explain the variety of factors influencing behavior. A and C are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the main reason for the existence of multiple theories, and B is not as focused on the multidimensionality aspect of the question.

Question 17

Which one of the following variables is NOT responsible for separating the old human relations movement and the evidence-based approach to the field of organizational behavior?
A) Experimental design
B) Nature of employment
C) Group dynamics
D) Styles of leadership and supervision

Accepted Answer

While experimental design, group dynamics, and leadership/supervision styles are factors that play a role in differentiating the old human relations movement from the evidence-based approach, nature of employment is not a commonly discussed variable in this context.

Question 18

The _____ employed are/is the key to the successful use of the experimental design.
A) variables
B) controls
C) creativity
D) personnel

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _____ employed are/is the key to...

Question 19

Which of the following involves the manipulation of independent variables to measure their effect on,or the change in,dependent variables,while everything else is held constant or controlled?
A) The survey
B) The case
C) The experiment
D) The questionnaire

Accepted Answer

An experiment involves the manipulation of independent variables to observe their effect on dependent variables while keeping everything else constant. Surveys and questionnaires gather data through self-report and observations, but do not involve manipulation of variables. A case study involves deep analysis of a single case or subject, but does not necessarily involve manipulation or control of variables.

Question 20

Applied to the field of organizational behavior,a cognitive approach has traditionally dominated all of the following units of analysis EXCEPT:
A) personality and attitudes.
B) motivation.
C) goal setting.
D) research analysis.

Accepted Answer

A cognitive approach has traditionally dominated personality and attitudes, motivation, and goal setting in the field of organizational behavior. However, research analysis has typically been approached from a more quantitative perspective that emphasizes statistical models and experimental design, rather than a cognitive approach.

Quiz 1: Introduction to Organizational Behavior: an Evidence-Based Approach

Which of the following tends to be more theoretically oriented and at the micro level of analysis?

_____ go hand in hand in evidence-based management.

Which among the following aspect of behavioral management was not emphasized by early pioneers of practicing management,such as Alfred P.Sloan?

Increased productivity under controlled conditions can be attributed solely to the fact that the participants in the study are given special attention and that they are enjoying a novel,interesting experience.This can be referred to as:

Which of the following is NOT among the three most often used designs in organizational behavior research today?

The relay room studies phase of the Hawthorne studies concluded that:

Organizational behavior researchers strive to attain all of the following hallmarks of any science EXCEPT:

According to social learning,behavior can best be explained in terms of a continuous reciprocal interaction among all of the following determinants EXCEPT:

Which of the following tends to be more application oriented and at the macro level of analysis?

The cognitive part of the SCT recognizes the influential contribution of thought processes to all of the following EXCEPT human:

Which of the following tends to be more theoretically oriented and at the macro level of analysis?

_____ is based on the idea,"An average of two contradicting management study results is probably the best estimate of how well or not that management technique works."

The cognitive approach uses concepts all of the following concepts EXCEPT:

Which of the following tends to be more application oriented and at the micro level of analysis?

The reason for the existence of the many theories in the field of organizational behavior is due to the _____ of the variables involved.

Which one of the following variables is NOT responsible for separating the old human relations movement and the evidence-based approach to the field of organizational behavior?

The _____ employed are/is the key to the successful use of the experimental design.

Which of the following involves the manipulation of independent variables to measure their effect on,or the change in,dependent variables,while everything else is held constant or controlled?

Applied to the field of organizational behavior,a cognitive approach has traditionally dominated all of the following units of analysis EXCEPT: