Question 1

When a man fell onto New York subway tracks,Wesley Autrey risked his own life to save the man.His action best illustrates

Accepted Answer

Wesley Autrey's action exemplifies the social-responsibility norm, which is the societal expectation that individuals should help others in need, especially when it is a matter of public safety. Autrey put himself in harm's way to save the man, thereby demonstrating the responsibility he felt towards his fellow New Yorkers.

Question 2

A failure to assume personal responsibility for helping in an emergency situation often plays an important role in the

Accepted Answer

The bystander effect refers to the phenomenon where individuals are less likely to offer help in an emergency situation when other people are present. This is often due to diffusion of responsibility, where individuals feel less personally responsible for helping because they assume that someone else will take action.

Question 3

After the Greenway family accepted their neighbor's invitation to Thanksgiving dinner,Mrs.Greenway felt obligated to invite the neighbors to Christmas dinner.Mrs.Greenway's sense of obligation most likely resulted from

Accepted Answer

The reciprocity norm is the social expectation that people will help those who have helped them. Mrs. Greenway may have felt obligated to invite the neighbors to Christmas dinner because they had previously invited her family to Thanksgiving dinner, thus creating a sense of reciprocity.

Question 4

The reciprocity norm refers to the expectation that people should

Accepted Answer

The reciprocity norm refers to the expectation that people should help those who have helped them. This norm is based on the idea that if someone does something nice for us, we feel obligated to return the favor. It is a form of social exchange that helps to build and maintain social relationships.

Question 5

A failure to aid a stranger who needs help in an emergency situation is especially likely when people

Accepted Answer

People who are in a hurry are less likely to stop and offer help because they feel like they do not have the time to spare. This is known as the "hurry effect".

Question 6

The Plattsville blood bank is desperately in need of blood donors.Which of the following students would most likely contribute to the blood bank,if asked?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Plattsville blood bank is desperately in...

Question 7

________ refers to the phenomenon in which the presence of other people makes it less likely that any individual will help someone in distress because the obligation to intervene is shared among all the onlookers.

Accepted Answer

Diffusion of responsibility occurs when individuals feel less personal responsibility to take action in an emergency situation because others are present. This can lead to bystander apathy, where individuals are less likely to help because they assume that someone else will take action. The other options, such as the reciprocity norm, equity, and social-responsibility norm, do not directly relate to this phenomenon.

Question 8

Two social norms that influence altruistic behavior are

Accepted Answer

Reciprocity refers to the social norm that individuals should help others who have previously helped them. Social-responsibility refers to the social norm that individuals should help those who are in need or who cannot help themselves. Both of these norms encourage altruistic behavior by promoting the idea that individuals should help others in certain situations.

Question 9

Katya donated money to a religious charity in order to boost her own feelings of self-esteem.Jennifer failed to contribute to the same charity because she was fearful of running out of money.Differences in their behavior are best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

The differences in behavior between Katya and Jennifer can be best explained by social exchange theory, which posits that individuals make decisions based on a cost-benefit analysis of the potential rewards and costs of their actions. In this case, Katya's decision to donate money was likely influenced by the belief that it would increase her own feelings of self-worth, while Jennifer's decision not to donate was likely influenced by fear of potential financial cost.

Question 10

If two countries are rivals for exclusive control of the same area of land,their predicament best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A conflict is a situation in which two or more parties have opposing interests, goals, or values, and this describes the rivalry for exclusive control of the same area of land between two countries. The other options do not accurately describe this predicament. The two-factor theory refers to the two factors that contribute to the formation of attitudes: physiological arousal and cognitive appraisal. Superordinate goals refer to goals that can be achieved only through cooperation between different parties, which does not apply in this specific situation. The reciprocity norm refers to the tendency to respond to others' behavior with similar behavior, which is not applicable in this context.

Question 11

While studying in the crowded library,Arlene hears a crashing noise and then someone moaning.The commotion appears to have come from behind closed doors marked "Staff Only." Nobody near Arlene seems concerned,so Arlene goes back to her studying.This example best illustrates

Accepted Answer

This scenario best illustrates the bystander effect, which occurs when individuals are less likely to intervene in an emergency situation when other people are present. In this case, the fact that nobody near Arlene is concerned may lead her to assume that the situation is not serious or that someone else will take action.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT one of the factors that increases the likelihood of bystanders helping?

Accepted Answer

The presence of other bystanders in the situation actually decreases the likelihood of any single bystander helping, known as the bystander effect. The other factors listed, feeling good, knowing what to do, and perceiving the person as deserving of help, all increase the likelihood of bystanders helping.

Question 13

A situation in which the individual pursuit of self-interest leads to collective destruction is known as

Accepted Answer

A social trap occurs when individuals act in their own self-interest, but collectively they create negative outcomes for everyone involved. Examples of social traps include overfishing, pollution, and the tragedy of the commons. In these situations, individuals may believe that their individual actions will not have a significant impact on the collective outcome, but when everyone acts in the same way, the negative consequences become clear.

Question 14

Which theory suggests that altruistic behavior is governed by calculations of rewards and costs?

Accepted Answer

Social exchange theory posits that people engage in altruistic behavior based on a calculation of the potential rewards and costs of their actions. This theory assumes that people seek to maximize their own self-interest and will only act altruistically if the potential rewards outweigh the potential costs.

Question 15

Melissa regularly donates blood to an international blood bank simply because she believes she ought to help anyone with a medical need for a blood transfusion.Melissa's altruism best illustrates the impact of the

Accepted Answer

The social-responsibility norm states that we should help those who are in need of assistance because it is our social responsibility to do so. Melissa's regular donations of blood to an international blood bank demonstrate her belief in this norm. The reciprocity norm pertains to the expectation that people will help those who have helped them in the past, the bystander effect relates to the tendency for people to be less likely to intervene in an emergency situation when others are present, and the mere exposure effect refers to the phenomenon wherein people develop a preference for things they have been exposed to repeatedly. None of these concepts are as directly relevant to Melissa's behavior as the social-responsibility norm.

Question 16

Diffusion of responsibility often plays an important role in the

Accepted Answer

Diffusion of responsibility refers to the tendency for individuals to feel less responsible for taking action in a group setting, assuming that someone else will take the lead. This plays an important role in the bystander effect, where individuals are less likely to help someone in distress when there are other people around. Therefore, the best choice is C - bystander effect.

Question 17

Mrs.Pinheiro fell on a busy city sidewalk and broke her leg.Although hundreds of pedestrians saw her lying on the ground,most failed to recognize that she was in need of medical assistance.Their oversight best illustrates one of the dynamics involved in

Accepted Answer

The bystander effect refers to the tendency for individuals to be less likely to offer help in an emergency situation when other people are present. In this scenario, the presence of many pedestrians on the busy city sidewalk likely contributed to their failure to recognize the need for medical assistance when Mrs.Pinheiro fell and broke her leg.

Question 18

________ refers to the phenomenon in which the presence of other people makes it less likely that any individual will help someone in distress because the obligation to intervene is shared among all the onlookers.

Accepted Answer

Diffusion of responsibility is a social psychological concept that refers to the tendency of individuals to feel less responsibility for taking action or helping someone in need when other people are present. This is because the responsibility to act is shared among all the bystanders, making each individual feel less personally responsible. As a result, the likelihood of any individual helping in such situations may decrease.

Question 19

A perceived incompatibility of your class learning goals and the goals of your class instructor best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A perceived incompatibility of goals between two parties is a typical example of conflict. In this case, the student's learning goals and the instructor's teaching goals are not aligning, leading to a sense of conflict between them.

Question 20

An expectation that people will help those who depend on them is known as the

Accepted Answer

The social-responsibility norm is the expectation that people will help those who depend on them, especially if the recipient cannot give anything in return. This norm highlights the obligation that individuals have to help those who are less fortunate or in need, suggesting that individuals should prioritize the well-being of others over their own interests.

Quiz 44: Psychoanalytic Perspective

When a man fell onto New York subway tracks,Wesley Autrey risked his own life to save the man.His action best illustrates

A failure to assume personal responsibility for helping in an emergency situation often plays an important role in the

After the Greenway family accepted their neighbor's invitation to Thanksgiving dinner,Mrs.Greenway felt obligated to invite the neighbors to Christmas dinner.Mrs.Greenway's sense of obligation most likely resulted from

The reciprocity norm refers to the expectation that people should

A failure to aid a stranger who needs help in an emergency situation is especially likely when people

The Plattsville blood bank is desperately in need of blood donors.Which of the following students would most likely contribute to the blood bank,if asked?

________ refers to the phenomenon in which the presence of other people makes it less likely that any individual will help someone in distress because the obligation to intervene is shared among all the onlookers.

Two social norms that influence altruistic behavior are

Katya donated money to a religious charity in order to boost her own feelings of self-esteem.Jennifer failed to contribute to the same charity because she was fearful of running out of money.Differences in their behavior are best explained in terms of

If two countries are rivals for exclusive control of the same area of land,their predicament best illustrates

While studying in the crowded library,Arlene hears a crashing noise and then someone moaning.The commotion appears to have come from behind closed doors marked "Staff Only." Nobody near Arlene seems concerned,so Arlene goes back to her studying.This example best illustrates

Which of the following is NOT one of the factors that increases the likelihood of bystanders helping?

A situation in which the individual pursuit of self-interest leads to collective destruction is known as

Which theory suggests that altruistic behavior is governed by calculations of rewards and costs?

Melissa regularly donates blood to an international blood bank simply because she believes she ought to help anyone with a medical need for a blood transfusion.Melissa's altruism best illustrates the impact of the

Diffusion of responsibility often plays an important role in the

Mrs.Pinheiro fell on a busy city sidewalk and broke her leg.Although hundreds of pedestrians saw her lying on the ground,most failed to recognize that she was in need of medical assistance.Their oversight best illustrates one of the dynamics involved in

________ refers to the phenomenon in which the presence of other people makes it less likely that any individual will help someone in distress because the obligation to intervene is shared among all the onlookers.

A perceived incompatibility of your class learning goals and the goals of your class instructor best illustrates

An expectation that people will help those who depend on them is known as the