Question 1

Marriage bonds are especially likely to endure when a couple

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that couples who engage in more positive interactions than negative interactions with each other are more likely to have their marriage bonds endure. This includes showing love and affection, expressing appreciation and gratitude, and engaging in effective communication. The other choices do not have as strong a correlation with the endurance of marriage bonds.

Question 2

As adults advance in age,their positive and negative moods become

Accepted Answer

Research on emotional aging suggests that as people get older, their emotional experiences tend to be less extreme but more enduring. This is often attributed to better emotional regulation and a focus on positive information.

Question 3

Erik Erikson maintained that the two basic aspects of life that dominate adulthood are

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, the two basic aspects of life that dominate adulthood are intimacy and generativity. Intimacy refers to forming close, meaningful relationships with others, while generativity involves creating and contributing to the next generation, such as through parenting, mentoring, or other forms of productivity. These two aspects are seen as critical for achieving personal fulfillment and contributing to the welfare of society as a whole. Identity and independence are more relevant to adolescence, while intimacy and identity are closely related but pertain more to early adulthood.

Question 4

Compared with the amygdala in younger adults,the amygdala in older adults shows

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that the amygdala in older adults tends to show diminished activity in response to negative events, which is part of the broader pattern of emotional regulation and processing changes with age.

Question 5

Dr.Anders is a 416-year-old physician who experiences a sense of personal fulfillment in contributing to the well-being of others through her medical practice.Erik Erikson would have suggested that Dr.Anders experiences

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson's theory suggests that individuals in late adulthood experience a need for generativity, which involves contributing to the well-being of others and leaving a positive legacy. Dr. Anders, as a physician who finds personal fulfillment in helping others through her medical practice, fits the description of a generative individual according to Erikson's theory.

Question 6

In explaining pair-bonding among humans,it has been suggested that parents who cooperated to nurture their children to maturity were more likely to have their genes passed on to future generations.This best illustrates a(n)________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

The explanation suggests that this perspective is related to the concept of evolutionary theory, which focuses on how certain behaviors and traits have evolved over time to increase the chances of passing on one's genes to future generations.

Question 7

The tips of chromosomes that wear down as we age are called

Accepted Answer

Telomeres are the protective caps at the end of chromosomes that get shorter as we age and eventually lead to cell death. Epigenetic marks refer to changes in gene expression without changes in the underlying DNA sequence. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system to help fight off infections. Genomes refer to the complete set of genetic material in an organism.

Question 8

The grief experienced over the death of a loved one is especially severe when death is experienced

Accepted Answer

The unexpected death of a loved one goes against the social clock, which is society's expectation for the timing of major life events. This can make the grief even more severe as it is not seen as "natural" or anticipated.

Question 9

In Erikson's theory,the sense of integrity achieved in late adulthood refers to the feeling that

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson, the sense of integrity achieved in late adulthood involves feeling a sense of fulfillment about one's life and coming to the realization that one's life has had meaning and purpose. It is a sense of acceptance and a lack of regret about the choices one has made throughout life.

Question 10

Kathryn and Rafael's third and last child is leaving home for college next year.Their empty nest is likely to be a(n)________ place.

Accepted Answer

The phrase "empty nest" typically refers to the period in parents' lives when all their children have grown up and moved out of the family home. While some parents may experience feelings of depression, anxiety, or boredom during this time, many others find it to be a positive and fulfilling stage of life. Given that the question mentions that Kathryn and Rafael's third child is leaving for college "next year," it seems reasonable to assume that they have had some time to prepare for this transition and are therefore more likely to approach it with a sense of happiness and anticipation for the next phase of their lives.

Question 11

Compared with their counterparts of 30 years ago,people in Western countries today are better educated and ________.These trends may help explain why the American divorce rate has ________ since 1980.

Accepted Answer

People in Western countries today are better educated and tend to marry later than their counterparts of 30 years ago. Delaying marriage often means that individuals have more time to establish themselves professionally, and are more likely to understand themselves and their needs before entering into a marriage. This can lead to more successful marriages and lower divorce rates.

Question 12

Johnny is 67 years old and is recently retired.He has three grandchildren.He is in the ________ years.

Accepted Answer

Johnny is 67 years old and is recently retired, which puts him in the age range typically considered "late adulthood."

Question 13

Menopause involves a decline in

Accepted Answer

Menopause involves the end of the menstrual cycle and a decline in fertility due to a decrease in estrogen and progesterone production in the ovaries. It does not typically involve changes in testosterone levels, maturation, or social identity.

Question 14

The term social clock refers to

Accepted Answer

The term social clock refers to the culturally preferred time to leave home, marry, have children, and retire. It reflects the expectations and norms of a society regarding the timing of major life events.

Question 15

Compared with younger adults,older adults experience ________ anger,and they are ________ to perceive negative images.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that older adults experience less anger compared to younger adults. Additionally, older adults are slower to perceive negative images, indicating a decreased sensitivity to negative emotional stimuli.

Question 16

Compared with their counterparts of 30 years ago,Americans are marrying at a(n)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compared with their counterparts of 30 years...

Question 17

Compared with younger adults,older adults are ________ attentive to positive news and they have ________ problems in their social relationships.

Accepted Answer

Older adults tend to focus more on positive news, a phenomenon known as the positivity effect, and generally report fewer problems in their social relationships compared to younger adults. This is attributed to their greater emotional regulation and selective social interactions.

Question 18

Compared with non-cohabiting couples,which of the following is true of couples who live together before engagement and marriage?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compared with non-cohabiting couples,which of the following...

Question 19

Professor Appledorn emphasizes that whether people flourish in late adulthood depends on a continuous interaction among their inborn temperaments,their personal relationships,and their mental expectations regarding the aging process.The professor's viewpoint best illustrates

Accepted Answer

The professor's viewpoint emphasizes the interaction between biology (inborn temperaments), psychology (mental expectations), and social factors (personal relationships), which is the crux of the biopsychosocial approach. Longitudinal study is a research method, and the viewpoint expressed by the professor is not specific to any particular research method. A developmental stage theory would focus on specific stages of development and would not capture the complexity of the interaction described by the professor. Intuitionism is a philosophical position concerned with the role of intuition in knowledge acquisition and is not relevant to the professor's viewpoint.

Question 20

Research on people's feelings of satisfaction with their lives indicates that

Accepted Answer

Research on people's feelings of satisfaction with their lives indicates that the over-65 years are not notably unhappy compared with other phases of life. Therefore, option D is the correct answer.

Quiz 16: Perceptual Organization