Question 1

In human beings,who have such complex thoughts and behaviors,moods and activities,the nervous system is an intricate network.Describe in detail the two main parts of the nervous system.

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Question 2

Why does the human brain have so many crevices and wrinkles in the cerebral cortex?

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Question 3

For years the conventional assumption in neuroscience had been that neurons in the central nervous system could neither reproduce nor regenerate.Then as one researcher put it,there was a result that "challenged everything I had read; everything I had learned when I was a student." Explain the startling results of studies that have overthrown the conventional wisdom regarding neuronal regeneration.

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Question 4

On each cerebral hemisphere,deep fissures divide the cortex into four distinct lobes.Name each of the four lobes and describe the location of each lobe.

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Question 5

Explain why the hippocampus has been called the "gateway to memory." What research supports this explanation?

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Question 6

Soviet psychologist Alexander Luria studied individuals who had experienced damage to their frontal lobes.What functions of the frontal lobes were illustrated by Luria's work? Describe the startling observations made by Luria as he watched one man light a match and another man plane a piece of wood in the hospital carpentry shop.

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Question 7

What drives are associated with the functioning of the hypothalamus?

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Question 8

Which is the only sense that completely bypasses the thalamus? How is memory related to this particular sense?

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Question 9

What is the difference between "gray matter" and "white matter" in the brain?

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Question 10

Ronald Myers and Roger Sperry wondered what would happen if the two hemispheres of the brain were cut off from one another.In order to explore their research question,they severed the corpus callosum in cats.Describe the aspects of the cat's behaviors that remained normal and the aspects that showed a profound change.

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Question 11

Describe the electrical and chemical communication within and between neurons.In your essay,include an explanation of the differences in the conduction of nerve impulses in myelinated axons when compared to the conduction found in unmyelinated axons.

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Question 12

Some popular writers have been quick to assume that brain differences between men and women explain differences in behaviors in real life.For example,it has been concluded that brain differences explain why women would rather talk about feelings and men would rather talk about sports.Sex differences in the brain have been cited to explain men's resistance in asking for directions and women's willingness to ask for help when lost.What are three problems with conclusions such as these?

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Question 13

Many contemporary cognitive psychologists suggest that the brain consists of modules and that the self is an illusion.In what way is this view consistent with the teachings of Eastern spiritual traditions?

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Question 14

Stem cell research is one of the hottest research areas in neuroscience but it also is a hotly debated topic in the United States.Explain the reasoning behind both sides of the debate.What less controversial alternatives are neuroscientists currently pursuing?

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Question 15

The autonomic nervous system is divided into two parts that work together but in opposing ways.Describe the functions of each part in detail,and create an example which illustrates the activation of one part and then the other.

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Question 16

We know that both sides of the brain are involved in most activities but some activities are more closely associated with one hemisphere or the other.List three activities that are most closely associated with the left hemisphere and three activities that are most closely associated with the right hemisphere.

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Question 17

Many axons,especially the larger ones,are insulated with a myelin sheath.Write an essay on the importance of the myelin sheath,making sure to incorporate the following information: 
$\bullet$What kind of cells makes up the myelin sheath? 
$\bullet$What does the myelin sheath look like? 
$\bullet$What are two purposes of the myelin sheath? 
$\bullet$What happens when a person experiences the loss of myelin?

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Question 18

Many years ago,James Olds and Peter Milner trained rats to press a lever in order to get a buzz of electricity.What conclusions did they reach as a result of this study?

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Question 19

Describe three tasks of the amygdala.

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Question 20

Explain the experimental procedure used when split-brain patients were shown composite photographs.Why did the patients claim to notice nothing unusual about the original photographs?

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Quiz 4: Exstintion: The Brain: Source of Mind and Self