Question 1

What causes lymphomas?

Accepted Answer

Lymphomas arise from abnormal proliferation of lymphocytes, including T cells and B cells.

Question 2

On reviewing the blood reports of a client who presents with a fever, the nurse finds that the white blood cell count is 13,000/microliter. What term should the nurse use when documenting this finding?

Accepted Answer

Leukocytosis is an increase in the number of white blood cells, which is indicated by a white blood cell count of 13,000/microliter. This can be seen during an infection or inflammatory process. Leukopenia, on the other hand, indicates a decrease in the number of white blood cells, while neutrophilia refers specifically to an increase in the number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell. Neither of these terms accurately describes the client's white blood cell count of 13,000/microliter.

Question 3

A nurse is reviewing the complete blood count of a client who presents with an infection. It shows that the white blood cell count is 9,000/microliter, neutrophil count is 8,500, leukocyte count is 4,000, eosinophil count is 600/microliter, and basophil is 1%. What should the nurse use when documenting this finding?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophilia is indicated by an elevated neutrophil count, which in this case is 8,500, suggesting a response to infection. The white blood cell count is within normal limits, not indicating leukocytosis, and the eosinophil count does not suggest eosinophilia.

Question 4

A client comes to the hospital with petechiae. The complete blood count report shows a decrease in the platelet count. What should the nurse include in the plan of care based on the information?

Accepted Answer

Petechiae and a decrease in platelet count may indicate thrombocytopenia, which increases the risk of bleeding. To prevent bleeding, invasive procedures should be avoided as much as possible.

Question 5

Which blood component is developed from megakaryocytes?

Accepted Answer

Platelets are developed from megakaryocytes.

Question 6

A client comes to the hospital with reports of chest pain due to lymphoma. Reports show that the lymphoma cells have a rapid growth, but are curable. How would this lymphoma be classified?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client comes to the hospital with...

Question 7

Which white blood cells are the first responders in defense against antigens?

Accepted Answer

Macrophages are the first responders in defense against antigens. They are phagocytic cells that engulf and digest foreign substances in the body.

Question 8

An 85-year-old client comes to the hospital and reports severe back pain. The client's blood report shows IgA concentration of 2 grams/deciliter and plasma cells of 8% in the bone marrow. The client does not show symptoms of anemia or hypercalcemia. Based on these findings, what should the nurse suspect?

Accepted Answer

The client's symptoms and lab findings suggest Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) rather than Multiple Myeloma. MGUS is characterized by the presence of an abnormal monoclonal protein (M protein) in the blood, similar to multiple myeloma, but without the significant symptoms or organ damage (e.g., anemia, hypercalcemia, more than 10% plasma cells in the bone marrow) associated with multiple myeloma. The client's IgA concentration and 8% plasma cells in the bone marrow support the diagnosis of MGUS.

Question 9

A nurse is analyzing the report of a 5-year-old client with leukemia, who is receiving chemotherapy. The platelet count is 20,000/microliter. What would be the best intervention for the nurse to include in the client's plan of care?

Accepted Answer

A platelet count of 20,000/microliter indicates severe thrombocytopenia, which increases the risk of bleeding. Using a soft toothbrush for oral care will minimize the risk of gum and oral bleeding. While monitoring vital signs, checking temperature, and initiating protective isolation precautions are important aspects of caring for a child with leukemia receiving chemotherapy, they are not the best interventions for addressing the client's low platelet count.

Question 10

A client with leukemia received chemotherapy 2 days ago and has subsequently developed acute renal failure. Which laboratory result should the nurse assess?

Accepted Answer

One of the potential side effects of chemotherapy is tumor lysis syndrome, which occurs when large amounts of cancer cells die off and release their contents into the bloodstream. This can cause an increased amount of uric acid, which can lead to acute renal failure if not managed appropriately. Therefore, the nurse should assess for high levels of uric acid in the client's laboratory results.

Question 11

Which clinical sign signifies leukocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Leukocytosis is a clinical sign that signifies an increase in white blood cells, typically above the normal range of 4,500-11,000/microliter. A white blood count of 52,000/microliter is significantly above this range and would indicate leukocytosis. A white blood count of 3,000/microliter is significantly below the normal range and would indicate leukopenia, not leukocytosis. Decreased signs and symptoms of infection and wounds that show no evidence of healing are not specific to leukocytosis.

Question 12

The complete blood count report of a client, the enlarged lymph nodes, and epistaxis indicate that the client has developed acute lymphocytis leukemia. What could be the reason for the occurrence of epistaxis in the client?

Accepted Answer

Epistaxis or nosebleeds can occur in leukemia due to the crowding of platelets by blast cells in the bone marrow, leading to decreased platelet count and impaired blood coagulation.

Question 13

The registered nurse is teaching the student nurse about hematological cancer. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates effective learning?

Accepted Answer

All the statements made by the student nurse indicate effective learning about the causes of hematological cancer. Exposure to intense radiation, contact with benzene, and damaged deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are all recognized factors that can lead to the development of cancer, including cancers of the blood and bone marrow.

Question 14

An 8-year-old child presents to the hospital with a lymphocytopenia. Based on this diagnosis, what would the nurse expect to find?

Accepted Answer

Lymphocytopenia is characterized by a decreased lymphocyte count, typically less than 3,000/ microliter in children. Choices A and C both suggest an increased lymphocyte count, which would be the opposite of lymphocytopenia.

Question 15

A nurse is formulating a nursing diagnosis for a client with chronic lymphoid leukemia. Which nursing measure should be included in the process?

Accepted Answer

All of the measures mentioned should be included in the nursing diagnosis for a client with chronic lymphoid leukemia to prevent infections and ensure the client's safety. Placing the client in protective isolation, limiting visitors with cold and infections, and ensuring that all visitors wash their hands before coming in contact with the client are all important measures to prevent infections and ensure the client's safety.

Question 16

A 65-year-old client undergoes chemotherapy for treating cancer. A complete blood count report after chemotherapy shows red blood cells -3.02 million cells/microliter, white blood cells -3,200 cells/microliter, and platelets -100,000/microliter. What disorder does the nurse suspect in the client?

Accepted Answer

The client's blood count report shows a decrease in all three blood cell types (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets) which is indicative of myelodysplastic syndrome, a disorder that affects blood cell production in the bone marrow. Lymphocytosis and monocytic leukocytosis refer to an increase in specific types of white blood cells, which is not seen in this client's report.

Question 17

A client with an infection was brought to the hospital. The complete blood count with differential report shows a white blood cell count of 3,000/uL. Which condition has the client developed?

Accepted Answer

A white blood cell count of 3,000/uL is below the normal range of 4,500-11,000/uL and indicates leukopenia, which is a decrease in the number of white blood cells. This may be a result of various conditions including infections, autoimmune disorders, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or bone marrow disorders.

Question 18

Which part of the body produces white blood cells?

Accepted Answer

White blood cells are produced in the bone marrow, which is found within the bones of the body. Tonsils and adenoids are lymphoid organs that play a role in immune function, but they do not produce white blood cells. The thymus gland is involved in the maturation of immune cells, but it is not a major site of white blood cell production.

Question 19

A client comes to the hospital with symptoms of an allergic reaction from an antibiotic. Which blood cells would show an increase in the complete blood count report?

Accepted Answer

An allergic reaction would lead to an increase in eosinophils, as they are involved in allergic reactions and parasitic infections. Neutrophils and basophils may be increased in response to bacterial or viral infections, but not in an allergic reaction. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.

Question 20

The nurse is reviewing the complete blood count of a client who presents with a fever. It shows that the white blood cell count is 3,000/microliter. What should the nurse use when documenting this finding?

Accepted Answer

A white blood cell count of 3,000/microliter is lower than the normal range of 4,000-11,000/microliter, indicating leukopenia, which is an abnormally low white blood cell count. Leukocytosis refers to an abnormally high white blood cell count, and neutrophilia refers specifically to an increase in neutrophils, which are a type of white blood cell. None of these terms accurately describe a white blood cell count of 3,000/microliter, so the best choice is B, leukopenia.

Quiz 12: White Blood Cell Disorders