Question 1

Which method of treating phobias involves progressive relaxation and exposure to the feared object?

Accepted Answer

The method that involves progressive relaxation and exposure to the feared object is systematic desensitization. It is a type of behavior therapy that aims to reduce anxiety responses through the gradual exposure to the feared stimulus while using relaxation techniques to reduce the physical symptoms of anxiety.

Question 2

Behavioural therapists use assessment techniques to pinpoint _______________ causes of a person's problem,establish treatment goals,and then devise therapeutic procedures necessary to reach those goals.

Accepted Answer

Behavioural therapists focus on environmental factors, such as past experiences and current circumstances, that may be contributing to a person's problem. They use assessment techniques to identify these factors and develop treatment goals and procedures based on them. Social, biological, and cultural factors may also be important, but environmental factors are typically the focus of behavioural therapy.

Question 3

A behavioural therapist is most likely to focus on

Accepted Answer

Behavioural therapy is a present-focused approach that focuses on specific behaviours and their consequences. The therapist helps the client identify maladaptive behaviours and works with them to develop new, more positive behaviours to replace them. This approach does not typically delve into the past or broader personality traits.

Question 4

Parker is being taught to engage in relaxation techniques whenever he is confronted with fear-inducing situations,such as being in an elevator.Pairing an incompatible relaxation response with his anxiety is based on the principle of

Accepted Answer

Pairing an incompatible relaxation response with anxiety is based on the principle of reciprocal inhibition, which refers to the process of inhibiting an anxiety response with a relaxation response. This technique is commonly used in behavioral therapies to treat anxiety disorders. Response prevention refers to preventing the individual from engaging in maladaptive behaviors, dismantling refers to breaking down a behavior into smaller components for analysis, and thought field release refers to a non-evidence based therapy that involves tapping on different points on the body to release emotional distress.

Question 5

Someone who is conducting family therapy would be most likely to attempt to understand

Accepted Answer

Family therapy focuses on understanding and improving communication patterns within the family to enhance relationships and resolve conflicts.

Question 6

What do behaviour therapists see as the cause of abnormal or undesirable behaviours?

Accepted Answer

Behaviour therapists see the cause of abnormal or undesirable behaviours as learning, specifically through reinforcement, punishment, and conditioning. They believe that behaviour can be modified through changing the environment and the consequences of the behaviour.

Question 7

For which of these problems would systematic desensitization most likely be used?

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a type of exposure therapy commonly used to treat phobias, especially specific phobias like the fear of heights. The technique gradually exposes the person to the feared stimulus in a controlled manner while teaching relaxation techniques to reduce anxiety.

Question 8

What type of therapy is associated with the best methods of evaluating treatment effectiveness?

Accepted Answer

Behavioural therapy is associated with the best methods of evaluating treatment effectiveness because treatment goals are defined according to changes in specific behaviours, which can be objectively measured. This allows for the tracking of progress and evaluation of treatment effectiveness.

Question 9

A goal of family therapy is to

Accepted Answer

Family therapy aims to improve family communication and interaction, which can ultimately lead to better relationships and the resolution of conflicts. Changing the needs of individual family members, solely identifying and treating one person as the source of problems, and teaching neutrality may be goals within the therapy, but they are not the main goal of family therapy.

Question 10

Systematic desensitization is based on

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a type of therapy that reduces anxiety responses through counterconditioning, which involves pairing a relaxation response with anxious stimuli to better tolerate them. It is based on classical conditioning principles, where a link is established between a previously neutral stimulus and a response by pairing it with a reflexive or natural one.

Question 11

Herman begins his systematic desensitization treatment for his claustrophobia by first

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization typically begins with learning relaxation techniques to manage anxiety before gradually facing the feared situations.

Question 12

Julie has a fear of riding in elevators.She is seeing a therapist who asks her to construct a hierarchy of her fears related to riding in elevators.In addition,her therapist is teaching her to relax while imagining each fear in the hierarchy.Julie's therapist is using

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a type of therapy that involves creating a hierarchy of fears and gradually exposing the individual to each level while using relaxation techniques to reduce anxiety. This is the approach that Julie's therapist is using to help her overcome her fear of elevators. Person-centered therapy is a humanistic approach that focuses on the individual's subjective experience, while rational emotive therapy aims to challenge and change irrational beliefs. Cognitive consistency refers to the idea that individuals strive for consistency between their beliefs and behaviors.

Question 13

Trina attempts to overcome her fear of clowns by learning how to shift from a feeling of tension to one of calm and relaxation.Next she is asked to imagine different situations,each more anxiety-provoking than the previous.She only proceeds to the next situation if she can maintain her feeling of relaxation.Trina's therapist is using ________ to remove her fear.

Accepted Answer

Trina's therapist is using the technique of systematic desensitization, which involves gradually exposing the individual to feared stimuli while teaching them relaxation techniques to reduce their anxiety. In this case, Trina is imagining increasingly anxiety-provoking situations while aiming to maintain a state of relaxation, which is a classic example of systematic desensitization.

Question 14

Svetlana is afraid of flying and has sought out therapeutic help to try to overcome her fear.The therapist gradually exposes Svetlana to flying-related stimuli in real-life,such as sitting on an airplane and conducting anxiety reduction techniques.What type of therapeutic technique is Svetlana's therapist using?

Accepted Answer

Svetlana's therapist is using in vivo desensitization, which gradually exposes the client to the feared stimuli in real-life situations while applying anxiety reduction techniques. Assertion training involves teaching clients to stand up for themselves, response prevention is used to prevent maladaptive behaviors, and implosive therapy involves sudden and prolonged exposure to the feared stimulus.

Question 15

Structural family therapy is intended to ________________,whereas strategic family interventions are designed to ________________.

Accepted Answer

Structural family therapy focuses on restructuring the family organization and hierarchy to address problems, while strategic family interventions aim to change specific patterns of communication and behavior within the family. Therefore, option C is the best choice as it correctly defines both approaches.

Question 16

What is the core assumption of a functional analysis in behaviour therapy?

Accepted Answer

The core assumption of functional analysis is that the patient's problematic behaviours are maintained by reinforcement. The behaviour therapist seeks to identify the specific reinforcements that are maintaining the behaviour in order to provide targeted interventions that will disrupt the reinforcement cycle and encourage the development of more adaptive behaviours.

Question 17

Systematic desensitization is specifically designed to help a person to deal with his or her

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a behavioral therapy technique that is commonly used to treat phobias by gradually exposing the person to the feared stimulus in a systematic and controlled manner, while using relaxation techniques to reduce anxiety. Therefore, the correct choice would be (D) phobia.

Question 18

Saleem has been seeing a therapist because she cannot adjust to her new husband's children from a previous marriage.Although she dearly loves her husband,she feels awkward and embarrassed in front of the children.The therapist suggests that she bring her husband and his children with her to the next session so she can see them interact.Saleem is probably seeing a

Accepted Answer

The therapist's suggestion of incorporating Saleem's husband and his children into the session indicates that they will be working on family dynamics and relationships, which is the focus of family therapy. Psychoanalysis tends to focus on individual unconscious processes, while behaviorism emphasizes specific behaviors and their consequences. Gestalt therapy focuses on present experiences and perceptions.

Question 19

John and his wife are having trouble communicating and getting along with one another.Which type of therapy is most likely to help them with their problems?

Accepted Answer

Since the problem is in communication and getting along with one another, family therapy would be the best choice as it involves all the family members in the therapy process and aims to improve communication and relationships between them. Organic therapy focuses on physical interventions, self-help groups and individual therapies may not involve all family members and may not address the root cause of communication problems.

Question 20

Techniques used in systematic desensitization are based on which of the following principles?

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a type of exposure therapy that involves gradually exposing a person to a feared stimulus while they are in a relaxed state. This is based on the principle of reciprocal inhibition, which states that it is impossible to be both relaxed and anxious at the same time.

Quiz 16: D: Psychological and Biological Treatments