Question 1

Which of the following is true about dolphins and sleep?

Accepted Answer

Dolphins have a unique sleeping pattern where they sleep with only one hemisphere of their brain at a time, while the other hemisphere remains awake. This is called unihemispheric sleep.

Question 2

A psychologist or a psychiatrist is likely to diagnose one's difficulty in attaining adequate nightly sleep as a psychological disorder

Accepted Answer

A psychologist or psychiatrist is likely to diagnose a sleep disorder if it causes interference with the daily activities of a person and negatively impacts their health. This suggests that the lack of sleep is persistent and not just a one-time occurrence.

Question 3

A sleep disorder characterized by difficulty in falling asleep or remaining asleep throughout the night is

Accepted Answer

Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty in falling asleep or staying asleep throughout the night. Parasomnia refers to abnormal behaviors during sleep, hypersomnia refers to excessive sleepiness during the day, and reverse insomnia (also known as paradoxical insomnia) is a condition where a person feels they are not sleeping well despite sleeping for a normal amount of time.

Question 4

__________ is to acting out your dreams,whereas __________ is to walking while asleep but engaging in relatively little activity otherwise.

Accepted Answer

REM behaviour disorder is characterized by acting out dreams during sleep, while sleepwalking involves walking while asleep but engaging in relatively little activity otherwise. None of the other options correctly match the descriptions given.

Question 5

__________ is associated with a knowledge that one is dreaming bizarre or improbable imagery that alerts the dreamer of a dream and the possibility of controlling one's dreams.

Accepted Answer

Lucid dreaming is a state in which the dreamer is aware that they are dreaming and can sometimes have control over their dreams. This state is often associated with the ability to recognize bizarre or improbable imagery within the dream. Sleep paralysis (A) is a state where the body is temporarily paralyzed during sleep and is unable to move upon waking. REM rebound (B) refers to an increase in REM sleep after a period of sleep deprivation. Narcolepsy (D) is a sleep disorder characterized by sudden and uncontrollable bouts of sleep during the day. None of these conditions are specifically associated with lucid dreaming.

Question 6

Geoff is reading the science section of the newspaper.He should be most skeptical of which of the following headlines?

Accepted Answer

The headline "Feeling bad? Angry? Dream your problems away" is making a bold, unsupported claim that dreams can solve emotional problems, which is unlikely to be scientifically proven. The other headlines are reporting on actual scientific findings or observations.

Question 7

Piper keeps experiencing short fleeting dreams about her upcoming statistics exam,especially after she first falls asleep.According to studies on sleep and dreaming,Piper's dream description would be considered a

Accepted Answer

Non-REM dreams typically occur during the initial stages of sleep and are often shorter and less vivid than REM dreams. Piper's short fleeting dreams after first falling asleep align with non-REM sleep characteristics.

Question 8

Les is a 54-year-old man who has a condition called __________ that causes him to act out his dreams even though he remains asleep.

Accepted Answer

Les has a condition called REM behaviour disorder, which causes individuals to act out their dreams during REM sleep. This is different from night terrors or sleep paralysis, which involve different symptoms, and lucid dreaming, which is a voluntary state of consciousness during dreams.

Question 9

Upon waking,Carrie reports short "sleep thoughts" about her upcoming psychology paper.Carrie's dreams are associated with what stage of sleep?

Accepted Answer

Sleep thoughts, which are less vivid and more thought-like than dreams, are typically associated with non-REM sleep.

Question 10

To treat your sleep problem,you are told that you should not nap,you should set your alarm clock to wake up at the same time each day,and you should get out of bed if you cannot sleep.What sleep disorder have you been experiencing?

Accepted Answer

The advice given is commonly recommended for individuals experiencing insomnia. Napping during the day can interfere with nighttime sleep, setting a consistent wake-up time helps regulate the sleep-wake cycle, and getting out of bed if unable to sleep can prevent associating the bed with wakefulness. Parasomnias involve disruptive sleep behaviors, hypersomnia involves excessive daytime sleepiness, and reverse insomnia is a term sometimes used to describe feeling like one hasn't slept despite having slept an adequate amount.

Question 11

The most commonly experienced sleep disorder is

Accepted Answer

Insomnia is the most commonly experienced sleep disorder, affecting around 30% of adults. It is characterized by difficulty falling or staying asleep, or waking up too early and not being able to go back to sleep. Night terrors and narcolepsy are relatively rare compared to insomnia, while sleep apnea is also common but not as prevalent as insomnia.

Question 12

Which of the following concepts most strongly challenges the conventional belief that one is either entirely awake and consciously aware or asleep and not consciously aware?

Accepted Answer

Lucid dreaming is the concept that challenges the conventional belief that one is either entirely awake and consciously aware or asleep and not consciously aware. In lucid dreaming, the dreamer is aware that they are dreaming and can sometimes even control the events in the dream. This blurs the line between being awake and being asleep and challenges traditional notions of consciousness during sleep.

Question 13

Curtis has been getting only four hours of sleep a night during final exams because he didn't prepare as he should have during the semester.Upon returning home for the summer,he experiences intense dreams for three nights as he gets his more typical seven and a half hours of nightly sleep.Curtis is most likely experiencing

Accepted Answer

The intense dreams that Curtis is experiencing are likely a result of REM rebound, which occurs when an individual is deprived of REM sleep and then experiences an increase in the amount and intensity of REM sleep when they return to regular sleep patterns. This is a common occurrence in individuals who have been sleep deprived, such as during final exams or other stressful periods. Dissociation involves a detachment or disconnection from one's surroundings or personal experiences, sleep paralysis involves the temporary inability to move or speak while falling asleep or waking up, and narcoleptic seizures involve sudden and uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep.

Question 14

If you have been waking up too early for several weeks,you are probably suffering from

Accepted Answer

Insomnia is defined as difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking up too early. In this scenario, waking up too early on a consistent basis fits the definition of insomnia. Parasomnia refers to abnormal behaviors or movement during sleep, hypersomnia refers to excessive sleepiness or long sleep duration, and reverse insomnia is a term that is not commonly used in the medical field.

Question 15

Which of the following is not a reported cause of insomnia?

Accepted Answer

Drinking alcohol is not typically reported as a cause of insomnia; in fact, it is often used as a sedative to help people fall asleep, although it can disrupt sleep patterns later in the night.

Question 16

Fletcher is having a dream where he is shipwrecked out at sea.He encounters some pirates who end up saving him and transporting him to a tropical island,where he is the newest member on the new season of Survivor.Fletcher is likely having what type of dream?

Accepted Answer

REM (Rapid Eye Movement) dreams are typically vivid, story-like dreams that occur during the REM stage of sleep. These dreams can be quite memorable and involve a variety of different scenarios and experiences. In Fletcher's dream, he is experiencing a detailed and somewhat fantastical situation, which suggests that he is likely in the middle of a REM dream.

Question 17

After receiving a new promotion at work approximately three weeks ago,Joaquin frequently experiences difficulty staying asleep through the night.He has no problem falling asleep initially,but recently he has experienced problems with waking up and then returning to sleep.Joaquin is most likely to be diagnosed as suffering from

Accepted Answer

Joaquin's symptoms of difficulty staying asleep through the night after a recent promotion suggest he may be experiencing insomnia, which involves difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or both. Nightmares involve frightening dreams, while REM behavior disorder involves physically acting out dreams during REM sleep. Sleep apnea involves breathing difficulties during sleep, which do not match Joaquin's symptoms.

Question 18

What relatively rare sleep disorder involves people acting out the movements and events of their dreams?

Accepted Answer

REM behaviour disorder involves the loss of muscle atonia during REM sleep, which causes people to physically act out their dreams. This disorder is relatively rare and can sometimes result in injury to the individual or their bed partner.

Question 19

Recent research suggests that __________ may be a very early marker of dementia and Parkinson's disease.

Accepted Answer

REM behavior disorder is characterized by acting out dreams during REM sleep, which is a stage of sleep associated with vivid dreaming. Recent studies have found that individuals with REM behavior disorder are at an increased risk of developing dementia and Parkinson's disease later in life. Night terrors, insomnia, and narcolepsy are not specifically associated with these disorders.

Question 20

Joanne falls asleep and seems to have several dreams involving things she needs to do,such as a research paper,grocery shopping,and dinner with her mom.These dreams are short and always start off the same way.What type of dreams is Joanne experiencing?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Joanne falls asleep and seems to have...

Quiz 5: D: Consciousness