Question 1

Pursuing creative and innovative ways to solve social problems is called __________.
A) social responsibility
B) social entrepreneurship
C) green innovation
D) commercializing innovation

Accepted Answer

Social entrepreneurship involves identifying and implementing creative and innovative solutions to social issues, often through the creation of new business models or non-profit organizations. A is the general term for an organization or individual's obligation to act in the best interest of society or the environment. C is a specific type of innovation focused on improving environmental sustainability. D is the process of bringing new products or services to market for commercial gain.

Question 2

A(n) __________ strategy pursues change through formal authority and the use of rewards or punishments.
A) rational persuasion
B) shared power
C) force-coercion
D) irrational

Accepted Answer

The definition provided matches the force-coercion strategy which uses formal authority and the application of rewards and punishments to bring about change.

Question 3

Netflix turned movie rental into a subscription business; eBay earns revenues from the users of its online marketplace; Google thrives on advertising revenues driven by ever-expanding Web technologies. These are all examples of __________ innovations.
A) process
B) virtual
C) business model
D) green

Accepted Answer

The examples described in the question all involve a rethinking of the way a business operates and generates revenue. This is known as a business model innovation.

Question 4

A(n) __________ strategy creates change through rational persuasion and empirical argument.
A) rational persuasion
B) shared power
C) force-coercion
D) empirical force

Accepted Answer

A rational persuasion strategy involves presenting logical arguments and empirical evidence to convince people to change their behavior or attitudes. This approach is based on reason rather than force, coercion, or shared power.

Question 5

Change that bends and adjusts existing ways to improve performance is called __________ change.
A) transactional
B) incremental
C) bottom up
D) transformational

Accepted Answer

Incremental change involves making small adjustments and improvements to existing methods and processes instead of completely overhauling them. This type of change is often seen as less disruptive and more manageable for organizations, and can lead to gradual improvements in performance over time.

Question 6

In Lewin's "planned change" process, the step that prepares a system for change is called __________.
A) refreezing
B) unfreezing
C) changing
D) thawing

Accepted Answer

Lewin's "planned change" process consists of three steps: unfreezing, changing, and refreezing. The first step, unfreezing, involves preparing the system for change by creating motivation and readiness to change.

Question 7

The "shared power" change strategy is most closely linked to the __________ power base.*
A) legitimate
B) reward
C) coercive
D) referent

Accepted Answer

The "shared power" change strategy involves sharing power and involving others in decision-making and problem-solving, which is most closely linked to the referent power base. Referent power is based on the leader's personal characteristics and charisma, and their ability to inspire and influence others to follow their lead. By involving others in the decision-making process, the leader is able to build a stronger relationship with them and increase their referent power. Legitimate power is based on the leader's formal position or authority, reward power is based on the leader's ability to give rewards, and coercive power is based on the leader's ability to punish or impose negative consequences. None of these power bases is directly linked to the "shared power" change strategy.

Question 8

The rational persuasion strategy is most closely linked to the __________ power base.
A) legitimate
B) reward
C) coercive
D) expert

Accepted Answer

The rational persuasion strategy involves using logical arguments and evidence to persuade others, which is most closely linked to the expert power base. Expert power comes from knowledge, skills, and expertise, and those who possess it are seen as credible and trustworthy sources of information.

Question 9

In order to lead transformational change, the leader must:*
A) establish a sense of urgency.
B) empower others.
C) create and communicate a change vision.
D) do all of the above.

Accepted Answer

To lead transformational change, the leader must establish a sense of urgency, empower others, and create and communicate a change vision. By establishing a sense of urgency, the leader can create a motivation for change. By empowering others, the leader can create a sense of ownership and responsibility towards the change. By creating and communicating a change vision, the leader can provide a clear understanding of what the change is and why it is needed. Therefore, all of the above options are necessary in order to lead transformational change.

Question 10

According to Lewin, the correct order in the steps of change is:*
A) freezing, refreezing, and changing.
B) unfreezing, changing, and refreezing.
C) refreezing, changing, and unfreezing.
D) changing, unfreezing, and refreezing.

Accepted Answer

According to Lewin's three-step model of change, the correct order of steps is unfreezing, changing, and refreezing. Unfreezing involves creating the motivation and willingness for change, changing involves implementing the actual change, and refreezing involves stabilizing the change and making it a part of the organization's culture. Therefore, the correct order is unfreezing, changing, and refreezing.

Question 11

Replacing air travel with videoconferencing eliminated 13,500 flights by Vodafone employees and cut some 5,000 tons of carbon emissions. This is an example of a __________ innovation.
A) power
B) product
C) model
D) green

Accepted Answer

The given innovation is aimed at reducing carbon emissions, which makes it a "green" innovation.

Question 12

Change that results in a major and comprehensive redirection of the organization is called __________ change.
A) transactional
B) incremental
C) bottom up
D) transformational

Accepted Answer

Transformational change refers to a significant and comprehensive redirection of an organization, involving major shifts in strategies, structures, processes, or cultures. It often includes a fundamental rethinking of the company's purpose, vision, and values, as well as a redesign of its operations and business models. Transformational change requires a high degree of leadership involvement and commitment, as it can be disruptive and challenging for employees and stakeholders. In contrast, transactional change refers to small-scale adjustments or improvements within the existing system, while incremental change implies gradual and continuous progress based on the current practices. Bottom-up change indicates a democratic or participative approach to change, where ideas and initiatives come from the lower levels of the organization rather than the top.

Question 13

In Lewin's "planned change" process, the step at which change is stabilized is called __________.
A) refreezing
B) unfreezing
C) changing
D) thawing

Accepted Answer

Refreezing is the step in which the change is stabilized and integrated into the organization's culture and practices. Unfreezing is the step in which the organization prepares for change, while changing involves implementing the planned change. Thawing is not a step in Lewin's planned change process.

Question 14

__________ innovation recognizes the potential for valuable innovations to be launched from lower organizational levels and diverse locations, including emerging markets.
A) Reverse
B) Forward
C) Commercializing
D) Virtual

Accepted Answer

Reverse innovation emphasizes the potential for innovations to come from lower organizational levels and diverse locations, such as emerging markets. The term was coined by Vijay Govindarajan and Chris Trimble in their book "Reverse Innovation: Create Far From Home, Win Everywhere". Therefore, the correct choice is A) Reverse innovation.

Question 15

A(n) __________ strategy pursues change by participation in assessing change needs, values, and goals.
A) rational persuasion
B) shared power
C) force-coercion
D) empirical force

Accepted Answer

A shared power strategy involves a collaborative approach to change, where all stakeholders are involved in assessing change needs, values, and goals. This approach allows for greater buy-in and commitment to the change process, resulting in more successful and sustainable outcomes. Rational persuasion relies on logical arguments and appeals to reason, force-coercion uses threats or punishment, and empirical force relies on evidence or data to drive change.

Question 16

You know that you are likely working with a "status quo" manager when they exhibit any of the following traits EXCEPT:
A) appearing threatened by change.
B) being bothered by uncertainty.
C) preferring predictability.
D) making things happen.

Accepted Answer

The given traits all point towards a manager who prefers to maintain the current state of affairs, and is hesitant to adopt new methods or systems. The only trait that does not fit this pattern is "making things happen," which suggests an active approach to management.

Question 17

Special creative units set free from the normal organizational structure for the purpose of innovation are called __________ .*
A) divisions
B) skunkworks
C) research labs
D) business units

Accepted Answer

Skunkworks are special units within an organization that are given the freedom to work on innovative projects outside of the regular organizational structure. These units are often staffed with creative and talented individuals who have the skills and expertise needed to develop new and innovative products or services. Skunkworks are designed to be agile and flexible, allowing them to move quickly and adapt to changing market conditions. They are typically given a high degree of autonomy and are insulated from the bureaucracy and politics that can often slow down innovation in larger organizations.

Question 18

The four steps in commercializing innovation are idea generation, initial experimentation, __________, and final application.*
A) product introduction
B) process improvement
C) process development
D) feasibility experimentation

Accepted Answer

The answer of The four steps in commercializing innovation are...

Question 19

A person who tries to change the behavior of another person or social system is called a(n) __________ leader.
A) top down
B) incremental
C) bottom up
D) change

Accepted Answer

A person who tries to change the behavior of another person or social system is called a change leader. The other options (A, B, and C) do not accurately describe this type of leadership. "Top-down" leadership refers to a hierarchical leadership structure where decisions and directives are made from higher levels and delegated down to lower levels. "Incremental" leadership refers to a slow and steady approach to change, making small improvements over time. "Bottom-up" leadership refers to a grassroots approach to change, starting at the individual or community level and working upwards.

Question 20

All of the following are true of major transformational change efforts EXCEPT:
A) they involve radical changes.
B) they result in redirection of the organization.
C) such efforts are intense and highly stressful.
D) overall, they are generally successful.

Accepted Answer

The statement "overall, they are generally successful" is not entirely true of major transformational change efforts. In fact, many transformational change efforts fail to achieve their objectives or result in unintended negative consequences. It is important for organizations to carefully plan and execute these efforts in order to increase their chances of success.

Quiz 9: Organizational Cultures, Innovation, and Change: Adaptability and Values Set the Tone

Pursuing creative and innovative ways to solve social problems is called __________.

A(n) __________ strategy pursues change through formal authority and the use of rewards or punishments.

Netflix turned movie rental into a subscription business; eBay earns revenues from the users of its online marketplace; Google thrives on advertising revenues driven by ever-expanding Web technologies. These are all examples of __________ innovations.

A(n) __________ strategy creates change through rational persuasion and empirical argument.

Change that bends and adjusts existing ways to improve performance is called __________ change.

In Lewin's "planned change" process, the step that prepares a system for change is called __________.

The "shared power" change strategy is most closely linked to the __________ power base.*

The rational persuasion strategy is most closely linked to the __________ power base.

In order to lead transformational change, the leader must:*

According to Lewin, the correct order in the steps of change is:*

Replacing air travel with videoconferencing eliminated 13,500 flights by Vodafone employees and cut some 5,000 tons of carbon emissions. This is an example of a __________ innovation.

Change that results in a major and comprehensive redirection of the organization is called __________ change.

In Lewin's "planned change" process, the step at which change is stabilized is called __________.

__________ innovation recognizes the potential for valuable innovations to be launched from lower organizational levels and diverse locations, including emerging markets.

A(n) __________ strategy pursues change by participation in assessing change needs, values, and goals.

You know that you are likely working with a "status quo" manager when they exhibit any of the following traits EXCEPT:

Special creative units set free from the normal organizational structure for the purpose of innovation are called __________ .*

The four steps in commercializing innovation are idea generation, initial experimentation, __________, and final application.*

A person who tries to change the behavior of another person or social system is called a(n) __________ leader.

All of the following are true of major transformational change efforts EXCEPT: