Question 1

Lynn is a manager in a company that manufactures optical fibre cables.She follows the Fayol principle of "esprit de corps" in her interactions with her team.Which of the following does this imply?
A)Lynn's team members are independent.
B)Lynn's team members are fiercely competitive.
C)Lynn's team members enjoy working in a centralized hierarchical system.
D)Lynn's team members receive orders only from her.
E)Lynn's team members are harmonious and upbeat.

Accepted Answer

"Esprit de corps" means team spirit or a sense of unity and harmony within a team. Therefore, Lynn's interactions with her team will promote a positive and harmonious atmosphere among her team members, implying that option E is the best answer. Options A, B, C, and D are incorrect because they are not related to the principle of "esprit de corps".

Question 2

The management science approach suggests that managers can best improve their organizations by ________.
A)using the scientific method and mathematical techniques to solve operational problems
B)understanding the physiological,safety,social,esteem,and self-actualization needs of organization members
C)providing wage incentives to workers exceed their target production
D)reducing the number of steps involved in performing a particular task
E)making sure that all employees are treated as equally as possible

Accepted Answer

The management science approach focuses on using quantitative techniques, such as mathematical models, to improve organizational processes and decision making. By utilizing the scientific method, managers can identify and solve operational problems in a systematic and objective manner to improve performance and efficiency.

Question 3

The Hawthorne Studies were conducted in two phases: the relay assembly test room experiments and the bank wiring observation room experiment.Which of the following approaches was developed based on these studies?
A)the behavioral approach
B)the contingency approach
C)the system approach
D)the management science approach
E)the classical approach

Accepted Answer

The Hawthorne Studies were pivotal in the development of the behavioral approach to management. They focused on how employees' attitudes and behaviors were affected by social and environmental factors in the workplace, rather than just on their physical work conditions.

Question 4

Gene Co.,a pharmaceutical company,directs its management to increase production through an understanding of people.The company believes that if managers understand their people and adapt their organizations to them,organizational success will follow.Which management approach is Gene Co.adopting in this scenario?
A)system approach
B)management science approach
C)classical approach
D)contingency approach
E)behavioral approach

Accepted Answer

Gene Co. is adopting the behavioral approach by emphasizing on understanding the people and adapting the organization to them for achieving success. This approach focuses on the human element of the organization and recognizes the importance of employee motivation, behavior, and satisfaction in achieving organizational goals.

Question 5

Which one of the following conclusions was drawn by the experimenters from the bank wiring observation room experiment?
A)The subjects did not find working in the test room enjoyable.
B)Human factors within organizations could significantly influence production.
C)Members of the work group pressured one another to work harder so that each group member would receive more pay.
D)Improved working conditions resulted in increased production.
E)Social groups in organizations could effectively exert pressure to influence individuals to disregard monetary incentives.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which one of the following conclusions was...

Question 6

According to Abraham Maslow,managers must understand the following needs of organization members: physiological,safety,social,esteem,and ________.
A)motivational
B)leadership
C)monetary
D)self-actualization
E)intrinsic

Accepted Answer

According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, the final need that managers must understand is self-actualization. This refers to the desire of individuals to achieve their full potential, be creative, and manage their lives in a self-directed manner. Understanding and fostering self-actualization can lead to greater job satisfaction and personal fulfillment for employees.

Question 7

Which one of the following approaches has its origin in World War II,when scientists were asked to help the military solve complex operational problems?
A)classical approach
B)operations research approach
C)behavioral approach
D)human relations approach
E)systems approach

Accepted Answer

The operations research approach has its origin in World War II, when scientists were asked to help the military solve complex operational problems.

Question 8

One of the phases of the Hawthorne studies was the relay assembly test room experiments.The experimenters believed that if they studied productivity long enough,under different working conditions,they would discover the working conditions that maximized production.Thus,the orientation that these experiments originally had was of ________.
A)comprehensive management
B)scientific management
C)behavioral management
D)contingency management
E)system management

Accepted Answer

The relay assembly test room experiments were conducted with the belief that there is one best way to maximize production, which aligns with the principles of scientific management. The other options such as comprehensive, behavioral, contingency and system management do not fit the description of the original orientation of the experiment.

Question 9

Jane,a manager in a soda company,believes that the classical approach to management will help her schedule her employees' tasks and handle people better.But using only the classical approach may not be an ideal approach because ________.
A)exact scientific knowledge of what could be done by a worker is substituted for opinion
B)the scientific approach has proven to be ineffective in increasing production
C)it is concerned with the entire range of managerial performance and not just the job design
D)it does not adequately emphasize the human variables in the production process
E)it does not have a "one best way" approach to management problems

Accepted Answer

The classical approach to management has been criticized for not adequately emphasizing the human variables in the production process. While it can help with job design and scheduling, it may not address the social and emotional factors that affect employee behavior and motivation, which can ultimately impact productivity and performance.

Question 10

Each manager in an organization possesses certain amounts of authority.For example,the president possesses the most authority; the first-line supervisor,the least.According to Fayol,this is known as ________.
A)unity of command
B)esprit de corps
C)stability of tenure
D)scalar chain
E)decentralization

Accepted Answer

Fayol's principle of scalar chain refers to the hierarchy of authority in an organization where each manager possesses a certain amount of authority. The president possesses the most authority, while the first-line supervisor possesses the least.

Question 11

One of the general principles of management suggested by Fayol is centralization.What is centralization?
A)Centralization is increasing the importance of the subordinate role.
B)Centralization directs that the entire organization should be moving toward a common objective.
C)Centralization is lowering the importance of the subordinate role.
D)Centralization directs that all materials and people related to a specific kind of work should be assigned to the same general location.
E)Centralization directs that the entire organization need not be moving toward a common objective.

Accepted Answer

Centralization refers to the concentration of decision-making authority at the top level of an organization, which means that the importance of the subordinate role is lowered. This is in contrast to decentralization, which involves delegating decision-making authority to lower levels of the organization.

Question 12

Hawthorne study results helped managers to see that ________.
A)better working conditions are subject to the managers' discretion
B)reducing each work task to the most basic movements improves worker efficiency
C)worker bonuses for overproduction helped increase productivity
D)the best way to increase productivity was to set a good piece-rate system
E)understanding what motivates employees is a critical part of being a manager

Accepted Answer

The Hawthorne study results showed that productivity was not just influenced by physical working conditions, but also by social and psychological factors, such as worker motivation and job satisfaction. This helped managers realize that understanding and addressing these non-physical factors were important for increasing productivity. Therefore, the best choice is E: understanding what motivates employees is a critical part of being a manager.

Question 13

The scientific method dictates that scientists must test the model by performing an experiment on ________.
A)the actual system to see whether the effects of changes predicted using the model actually occur when the changes are made
B)various systems to see whether the effects of changes predicted using the model actually occur when the changes are made
C)various systems to see whether the necessary changes can be incorporated
D)the actual system and other systems to see whether the necessary changes can be incorporated
E)various systems to see whether the necessary changes can be incorporated on the actual system

Accepted Answer

The scientific method requires testing the model by performing an experiment on the actual system to verify the predicted changes. This helps to confirm the accuracy and reliability of the model. Testing on other systems or just checking whether changes can be incorporated is not sufficient to validate the model.

Question 14

In Fayol's principles of management,"decentralization" implies that ________.
A)the entire organization should be moving toward a common objective
B)the importance of the subordinate role should be increased
C)work should be divided among individuals
D)the interests of one person should be prioritized over the interests of the organization
E)workers should receive orders from a number of managers

Accepted Answer

Decentralization refers to the delegation of decision-making authority to lower-level employees or departments. This implies that the importance of the subordinate role should be increased, as they are given more responsibility and decision-making power. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.

Question 15

________,sparked off by the Hawthorne studies,is a people-oriented approach to management in which the interaction of people in organizations is studied to judge its impact on organizational success.
A)The behavioral study movement
B)The human relations movement
C)The scientific management movement
D)The "one best way" model
E)The motion studies initiative

Accepted Answer

The Hawthorne studies were a series of experiments conducted in the 1920s and 1930s that looked at how changes in work conditions and environment affected employee productivity. The studies found that the interaction and social dynamics between workers and management had a significant impact on productivity. This led to the development of the human relations movement, which focused on understanding and improving the relationships between employees and management to increase organizational success.

Question 16

In the scientific approach to management advocated by management science researchers,after using a model to deduce how the system will behave under conditions,researchers must ________.
A)observe the workings of the parts of the system
B)separate the system into its component parts
C)construct a generalized framework of the system
D)observe the system whose behavior must be explained
E)test the model by performing an experiment on the actual system

Accepted Answer

After using a model to deduce how the system will behave under conditions, researchers must test the model by performing an experiment on the actual system to confirm whether the behavior predicted by the model aligns with the actual behavior of the system. This is a crucial step in the scientific approach to management advocated by management science researchers.

Question 17

D&B Inc.conducted a review of its organizational practices and concluded that changes to the current system would result in increased efficiency.The company proposed a change in work timings and remuneration policies and implemented it for a trial period.When the employees were surveyed by their managers to discover their reaction to the changes,most employees noted that the new system boosted productivity,though a few reported that accommodating to the new system was difficult.However,management decided to go ahead and implement the new system.The actions of the management can be explained by Fayol's principle of ________.
A)unity of command and direction
B)lowering the importance of the subordinate role
C)subordination of the individual to the general interest
D)specialization of work
E)esprit de corps

Accepted Answer

The management's decision to implement the new system despite some employees having difficulty accommodating to it illustrates the principle of subordination of the individual to the general interest. This principle suggests that sometimes the interests of the individual may need to be sacrificed for the overall benefit of the organization.

Question 18

Which of the following conclusions was drawn by the experimenters from the relay assembly test room experiments of the Hawthorne studies?
A)The subjects did not find working in the test room enjoyable.
B)There is no consistent relationship between productivity and lighting intensity.
C)Subjects continued to show decreased production under all lighting conditions.
D)Worker productivity increased with higher light intensity than lower light intensity.
E)Worker productivity increased with lower light intensity than higher light intensity.

Accepted Answer

The experimenters concluded that there is no consistent relationship between productivity and lighting intensity, based on the results of the relay assembly test room experiments of the Hawthorne studies. The other options are incorrect as they were not conclusions drawn from the experiments.

Question 19

The purpose of the bank wiring observation room experiment,which is one of the phases of the Hawthorne studies,was to analyze ________.
A)the impact of scientifically designed jobs on worker efficiency
B)the most basic movements necessary to achieve a task
C)the system improvements through task-scheduling innovation
D)the social relationships in a work group
E)the impact of unity of command in terms of productivity

Accepted Answer

The bank wiring observation room experiment was conducted to analyze the social relationships in a work group, specifically how the presence of a supervisor and the relationships between workers affected productivity. It was not focused on job design, basic movements, system improvements, or unity of command.

Question 20

The ultimate objective of the human relations approach is to ________.
A)find "one best way" of managing people in an organization
B)analyze the impact of environmental factors on worker behavior
C)increase production by analyzing mathematical models of human behavior
D)develop workers' job skills and reduce the movements necessary for them to accomplish a task
E)enhance organizational success by building appropriate relationships with people

Accepted Answer

The human relations approach focuses on building relationships with people to enhance organizational success. It emphasizes on the importance of understanding and meeting the social and psychological needs of employees in order to motivate them and improve their job satisfaction. The approach recognizes that employees are not just machines and that their productivity and commitment can be achieved by addressing their personal needs and concerns. Therefore, the ultimate objective of the human relations approach is to enhance organizational success by building appropriate relationships with people.

Quiz 2: Managing

Lynn is a manager in a company that manufactures optical fibre cables.She follows the Fayol principle of "esprit de corps" in her interactions with her team.Which of the following does this imply?

The management science approach suggests that managers can best improve their organizations by ________.

The Hawthorne Studies were conducted in two phases: the relay assembly test room experiments and the bank wiring observation room experiment.Which of the following approaches was developed based on these studies?

Which one of the following conclusions was drawn by the experimenters from the bank wiring observation room experiment?

According to Abraham Maslow,managers must understand the following needs of organization members: physiological,safety,social,esteem,and ________.

Which one of the following approaches has its origin in World War II,when scientists were asked to help the military solve complex operational problems?

Jane,a manager in a soda company,believes that the classical approach to management will help her schedule her employees' tasks and handle people better.But using only the classical approach may not be an ideal approach because ________.

Each manager in an organization possesses certain amounts of authority.For example,the president possesses the most authority; the first-line supervisor,the least.According to Fayol,this is known as ________.

One of the general principles of management suggested by Fayol is centralization.What is centralization?

Hawthorne study results helped managers to see that ________.

The scientific method dictates that scientists must test the model by performing an experiment on ________.

In Fayol's principles of management,"decentralization" implies that ________.

________,sparked off by the Hawthorne studies,is a people-oriented approach to management in which the interaction of people in organizations is studied to judge its impact on organizational success.

In the scientific approach to management advocated by management science researchers,after using a model to deduce how the system will behave under conditions,researchers must ________.

Which of the following conclusions was drawn by the experimenters from the relay assembly test room experiments of the Hawthorne studies?

The purpose of the bank wiring observation room experiment,which is one of the phases of the Hawthorne studies,was to analyze ________.

The ultimate objective of the human relations approach is to ________.