Question 1

In the job characteristics model,which three core job dimensions combine to create experienced meaningfulness of work?
A) Autonomy,task identity,and feedback
B) Skill variety,task identity,and task significance
C) Skill variety,autonomy,and feedback
D) Feedback,task identity,and task significance
E) Skill variety,task significance,and autonomy

Accepted Answer

According to the job characteristics model, experienced meaningfulness of work is created by the combination of skill variety, task identity, and task significance. Autonomy and feedback are also important dimensions in the model, but they do not specifically contribute to experienced meaningfulness.

Question 2

Which of the following models propose that satisfaction is a result of met expectations?
A) Need fulfillment models
B) Discrepancies models
C) Value attainment models
D) Equity models
E) Dispositional/genetic components

Accepted Answer

Discrepancy models propose that satisfaction is a result of the extent to which actual experiences meet expectations.

Question 3

An example of a job scoring low on the task significance dimension would be that of a:
A) furniture maker who designs a sofa from scratch to the finished product.
B) shop owner who not only owns the shop but also operates it entirely.
C) worker who sweeps the floors in the office.
D) salesperson who is dependent on his supervisor for his schedule for the week.
E) doctor who performs various surgeries in the hospital.

Accepted Answer

Sweeping floors in an office may not have a significant impact on the overall goals of a company, and therefore may score low in task significance. The other job options involve more complex tasks and decision-making, and may have a greater impact on the success of their respective fields or organizations.

Question 4

Which of the following approaches to job design represents proactive and adaptive employee behavior aimed at changing tasks,relationships,and cognitions associated with one's job?
A) Job characteristics model
B) Job enlargement
C) Job enrichment
D) Job rotation
E) Job crafting

Accepted Answer

Job crafting is the approach to job design that involves proactive and adaptive employee behavior aimed at changing tasks, relationships, and cognitions associated with one's job. The other options, such as job characteristics model, job enlargement, job enrichment, and job rotation, are all approaches to job design that may be initiated or facilitated by the organization rather than the employee, and which may not necessarily involve proactive or adaptive behaviors on the part of the employee.

Question 5

A painter whose job only involves spraying paints eight hours a day,five days a week,would score:
A) high on skill variety.
B) low on skill variety.
C) high on autonomy.
D) high on task identity.
E) high on feedback.

Accepted Answer

The painter's job only involves one specific task, spraying paints, without variety or diversity of tasks, making their job low on skill variety.

Question 6

According to the job characteristics model,experienced responsibility is elicited by:
A) task identity.
B) skill variety.
C) feedback from job.
D) task significance.
E) autonomy.

Accepted Answer

Autonomy is the job characteristic that leads to experienced responsibility for outcomes of the work, as it gives employees control over how they perform their tasks.

Question 7

_____ represent(s)"employment terms individuals negotiate for themselves,taking myriad forms from flexible schedules to career development."
A) Top-down approaches
B) Vertical job loading
C) Horizontal job loading
D) Job hopping
E) Idiosyncratic deals

Accepted Answer

Idiosyncratic deals refer to employment terms negotiated by individuals on their own, which can include a range of arrangements such as flexible schedules, telecommuting, or opportunities for career development. This term emphasizes the personalized nature of the employment agreement, as opposed to a standardized approach imposed by the organization (top-down approaches) or specific changes to job duties (vertical or horizontal job loading) that may not be negotiation-based. Job hopping refers to the practice of changing jobs frequently, which is a different concept altogether.

Question 8

The _____ models of job satisfaction propose that satisfaction is determined by the extent to which the characteristics of a job allow an individual to fulfill his/her needs.
A) motivator-hygiene
B) need hierarchy
C) need fulfillment
D) job characteristic
E) discrepancy

Accepted Answer

The need fulfillment model of job satisfaction suggests that satisfaction is determined by how well the job allows an individual to fulfill their personal needs.

Question 9

According to the job characteristics model,_____ is the extent to which an individual receives direct and clear information about how effectively he/she is performing the job.
A) task identity
B) skill variety
C) feedback
D) task significance
E) autonomy

Accepted Answer

Feedback refers to the extent to which an individual receives direct and clear information about how effectively he/she is performing the job, according to the job characteristics model. Task identity refers to the extent to which an individual sees the whole task and recognizes the contribution of the task to the organization, while skill variety refers to the degree to which the job requires a variety of different activities and skills. Task significance refers to the extent to which the job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people, and autonomy refers to the degree to which the job provides the worker with independence, discretion, and decision-making power.

Question 10

_____ encompasses a change in how you perceive or think about the tasks and relationships associated with your job.
A) Job hopping
B) Job enlargement
C) Job rotation
D) Horizontal job loading
E) Cognitive crafting

Accepted Answer

Cognitive crafting refers to an employee's volitional and proactive approach to customize their job demands, job resources, and relationships in ways that foster meaningfulness and job satisfaction. This cognitive shift involves changing how an individual thinks about and approaches their work tasks and relationships, allowing them to experience their work in a more meaningful and fulfilling way. The other options (job hopping, job enlargement, job rotation, horizontal job loading) all involve changes to the actual tasks or responsibilities of the job rather than a change in perception or thinking about the role.

Question 11

____,a core job characteristic,refers to the extent to which the job requires an individual to perform a variety of tasks that require him/her to use different skills and abilities.
A) Task significance
B) Skill variety
C) Task identity
D) Autonomy
E) Task variety

Accepted Answer

Skill variety refers to the degree to which a job requires an individual to use different skills and abilities. It is one of the core job characteristics identified by Hackman and Oldham's job characteristics theory, which suggests that jobs with higher levels of skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback are more motivating and satisfying for employees.

Question 12

Dorothy feels that typing work for her faculty is a waste of time.She is lacking a sense of:
A) meaningfulness.
B) competence.
C) proficiency.
D) aptitude.
E) extrinsic motivation.

Accepted Answer

Dorothy's lack of motivation is due to a lack of meaningfulness, as she does not see the value or importance of the typing work she is being asked to do for her faculty.

Question 13

According to the job characteristics model,_____ refers to the extent to which the job enables an individual to experience freedom,independence,and discretion in both scheduling and determining the procedures used in completing the job.
A) Task identity
B) Skill variety
C) Feedback from job
D) Task significance
E) Autonomy

Accepted Answer

Autonomy refers to the extent to which the job enables an individual to experience freedom, independence, and discretion in both scheduling and determining the procedures used in completing the job. Task identity refers to the degree to which the job requires the completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work, which contributes to a larger project. Skill variety refers to the degree to which the job requires the use of different skills and talents to complete tasks. Feedback from the job refers to the extent to which the job provides employees with clear and direct information about the effectiveness of their performance. Task significance refers to the degree to which the job allows an individual to make an impact on others or the organization as a whole.

Question 14

Job _____ is an affective or emotional response toward various facets of one's job.
A) rotation
B) satisfaction
C) crafting
D) enrichment
E) enlargement

Accepted Answer

Job satisfaction is an affective or emotional response to one's job. Job rotation refers to the movement of employees from one job to another, whereas job crafting involves employees modifying their own job tasks and responsibilities. Job enrichment and enlargement refer to the expansion of job duties to increase a sense of fulfillment and challenge among employees.

Question 15

Job _____ is defined as "the physical and cognitive changes individuals make in the task or relational boundaries of their work."
A) enlargement
B) enrichment
C) rotation
D) crafting
E) hopping

Accepted Answer

Job crafting is defined as the physical and cognitive changes individuals make in the task or relational boundaries of their work. Enlargement refers to adding tasks of a similar level to an existing job, enrichment refers to adding tasks that are more challenging, rotation refers to the periodic movement of an employee from one job to another, and hopping refers to frequently changing jobs or employers.

Question 16

David,a new salesperson at Fun Books,Inc.,is given a set of leads for each day and is required to follow a standardized sales script with each potential customer.It can be said that David's job scores:
A) high on job identity.
B) high on self-actualization.
C) high on intrinsic motivation.
D) low on autonomy.
E) high on skill variety.

Accepted Answer

A standardized script and set leads limit David's autonomy, making the job low on autonomy.

Question 17

Toyota Motor Company empowers some of its employees to identify and help remedy problems occurring during product assembly.Recently,Henry,a clerk,was empowered to check for his own errors.According to the job characteristics model,_____ was elicited through this.
A) experienced meaningfulness
B) experienced responsibility
C) knowledge of results
D) job dissatisfaction
E) counterproductive work behavior

Accepted Answer

Empowering Henry to check for his own errors elicits experienced responsibility, as he now has a greater sense of ownership and accountability for the quality of his work. This aligns with the key characteristic of skill variety in the job characteristics model.

Question 18

____,a core job characteristic,refers to the extent to which the job requires an individual to perform a whole or completely identifiable piece of work.
A) Task significance
B) Skill variety
C) Task identity
D) Autonomy
E) Task variety

Accepted Answer

Task identity refers to the extent to which a job requires an individual to perform a whole or completely identifiable piece of work. This means that the employee can see the tangible outcome of their work and feel a sense of accomplishment from completing a task from start to finish.

Question 19

_____ occurs when an individual is "turned on to one's work because of the positive internal feelings that are generated by doing well,rather than being dependent on external factors for the motivation to work effectively."
A) Counterproductive work behavior
B) Vertical job loading
C) Horizontal job loading
D) Intrinsic motivation
E) Job dissatisfaction

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic motivation occurs when an individual is motivated by positive internal feelings generated by doing well in their work, rather than by external factors. This type of motivation is often associated with higher job satisfaction and outcomes such as job performance and innovation.

Question 20

_____ refers to the extent to which the job affects the lives of other people within or outside the organization.
A) Task identity
B) Skill variety
C) Feedback from job
D) Task significance
E) Autonomy

Accepted Answer

Task significance refers to the employee's perception of how important the work being done is, and how it impacts others. It relates to the extent to which the job affects the lives of other people within or outside the organization.

Quiz 6: Motivation I: Needs, Job Design, and Satisfaction

In the job characteristics model,which three core job dimensions combine to create experienced meaningfulness of work?

Which of the following models propose that satisfaction is a result of met expectations?

An example of a job scoring low on the task significance dimension would be that of a:

Which of the following approaches to job design represents proactive and adaptive employee behavior aimed at changing tasks,relationships,and cognitions associated with one's job?

A painter whose job only involves spraying paints eight hours a day,five days a week,would score:

According to the job characteristics model,experienced responsibility is elicited by:

_____ represent(s) "employment terms individuals negotiate for themselves,taking myriad forms from flexible schedules to career development."

The _____ models of job satisfaction propose that satisfaction is determined by the extent to which the characteristics of a job allow an individual to fulfill his/her needs.

According to the job characteristics model,_____ is the extent to which an individual receives direct and clear information about how effectively he/she is performing the job.

_____ encompasses a change in how you perceive or think about the tasks and relationships associated with your job.

____,a core job characteristic,refers to the extent to which the job requires an individual to perform a variety of tasks that require him/her to use different skills and abilities.

Dorothy feels that typing work for her faculty is a waste of time.She is lacking a sense of:

According to the job characteristics model,_____ refers to the extent to which the job enables an individual to experience freedom,independence,and discretion in both scheduling and determining the procedures used in completing the job.

Job _____ is an affective or emotional response toward various facets of one's job.

Job _____ is defined as "the physical and cognitive changes individuals make in the task or relational boundaries of their work."

David,a new salesperson at Fun Books,Inc.,is given a set of leads for each day and is required to follow a standardized sales script with each potential customer.It can be said that David's job scores:

Toyota Motor Company empowers some of its employees to identify and help remedy problems occurring during product assembly.Recently,Henry,a clerk,was empowered to check for his own errors.According to the job characteristics model,_____ was elicited through this.

____,a core job characteristic,refers to the extent to which the job requires an individual to perform a whole or completely identifiable piece of work.

_____ occurs when an individual is "turned on to one's work because of the positive internal feelings that are generated by doing well,rather than being dependent on external factors for the motivation to work effectively."

_____ refers to the extent to which the job affects the lives of other people within or outside the organization.