Question 1

The nurse is teaching a health promotion class for prevention of peptic ulcer disease, and is discussing causes of the disease. Which of the following statements by one of the clients indicates the need for further study?

Accepted Answer

Having type A blood is not a known risk factor for peptic ulcer disease. Choices A, B and C are all known risk factors for the development of peptic ulcer disease.

Question 2

A client with a diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease is prescribed omeprazole (Prilosec) and asks the nurse where in the body this medication will work. What is the correct response of the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Omeprazole (Prilosec) works by inhibiting the proton pump of parietal cells, which decreases the secretion of gastric acid and helps the ulcer to heal.

Question 3

Which of the following is a potential risk for clients who overuse antacids?

Accepted Answer

Overuse of antacids can lead to metabolic alkalosis, which occurs when the pH level of the blood becomes too basic. This can lead to symptoms such as confusion, tremors, and even seizures.

Question 4

The nurse is reviewing medication orders for a client and anticipates that which medications may cause adverse effects due to their extended half-life caused by enterohepatic recirculation? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is reviewing medication orders for...

Question 5

The nurse is preparing to administer 10 a.m. medications to clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which medications will bypass the first-pass effect of the liver? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is preparing to administer 10...

Question 6

A client with severe anxiety asks the nurse if anxiety can affect the stomach and digestion. What is the nurse's most accurate response?

Accepted Answer

Mental health conditions such as anxiety can affect digestive processes. Anxiety can lead to increased stomach acid production, slowed digestion, and other gastrointestinal symptoms. It is important to address both the mental health and physical symptoms to achieve optimal health outcomes. Choice A is incorrect as not everyone with anxiety develops irritable bowel disease. Choice B is incorrect as mental health conditions can affect digestive processes. Choice D is unnecessary as the nurse can provide a general answer to the client's question.

Question 7

A client with peptic ulcer disease is undergoing pharmacologic therapy. After reviewing the medication administration record, what medication does the nurse suggest changing a prn pain order of ibuprofen to?

Accepted Answer

Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can worsen peptic ulcers by further irritating the lining of the stomach. Acetaminophen is a pain reliever that does not have the same effect on the stomach, making it a safer choice for individuals with peptic ulcer disease. Aspirin, ketorolac, and naproxen are all NSAIDs and should be avoided in patients with peptic ulcer disease.

Question 8

The nurse is reviewing the medication administration record for a client who is receiving an initial regimen for the eradication of H. pylori. The nurse anticipates the inclusion of which medications for this client? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is reviewing the medication administration...

Question 9

A client who was taking large doses of ibuprofen (Motrin) for over a year developed a peptic ulcer. The client asks the nurse why this occurred. What is the best response of the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Ibuprofen (Motrin) can inhibit the production of prostaglandins which play a role in protecting the lining of the stomach and intestines from damage. This can lead to the development of peptic ulcers. By stating that Motrin works against the client's own body's ulcer defenses, the nurse provides an accurate explanation for the development of the ulcer.

Question 10

A client is prescribed omeprazole, bismuth subsalicylate, and metronidazole for the treatment of H. pylori. Which outcome will be accomplished by the use of this treatment?

Accepted Answer

Omeprazole is a proton-pump inhibitor that reduces acid production in the stomach, but it alone cannot eliminate H. pylori infection. Bismuth subsalicylate has antibacterial properties against H. pylori and helps to reduce inflammation in the stomach. Metronidazole is an antibiotic that specifically targets H. pylori. Therefore, the combination of these three medications can effectively eliminate the population of H. pylori and treat the infection. The other options (A, C, D) are not accurate outcomes of this treatment.

Question 11

A nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client being discharged with a diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. The nurse should teach the client to eliminate what foods from the diet?

Accepted Answer

Tomato sauce is acidic and can exacerbate gastroesophageal reflux disease. Mashed potatoes and toast are generally well tolerated by clients with this condition. Bananas may even be helpful as they can help neutralize stomach acid. However, it is important for the client to be aware of their own individual triggers and avoid any foods that cause symptoms.

Question 12

Which drug class will the health care provider most likely order for a client with GERD? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Proton pump inhibitors, H2-receptor antagonists, and antacids are commonly used to treat GERD by reducing stomach acid and providing symptom relief. Diuretics and antianginals are not used for GERD.

Question 13

A client is receiving teaching on the pharmacotherapy ordered to treat H-pylori. What statement indicates effective teaching?

Accepted Answer

It is important to take all of the medication as prescribed in order to effectively treat H-pylori and prevent antibiotic resistance. Stopping the medication prematurely or deviating from the prescribed regimen can lead to treatment failure.

Question 14

Which of the following client's condition may result in malnutrition due to a lack of digestive enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A pancreatic disorder can result in malnutrition due to a lack of digestive enzymes, such as amylase, lipase, and protease, which are necessary for proper digestion and nutrient absorption.

Question 15

The nurse is caring for a group of clients on a psychiatric-mental health. Which of the following clients may exhibit symptoms affecting both appetite and digestive processes? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is caring for a group...

Question 16

Which of the following medications would be required to treat a client with Barrett esophagus?

Accepted Answer

Proton pump inhibitors are the preferred medication for the treatment of Barrett esophagus as they can help reduce acid reflux and thereby prevent further damage to the esophagus. Antacids and H2-receptor antagonists may also be used, but may not be as effective as proton pump inhibitors. Magnesium citrate is not a medication used for the treatment of Barrett esophagus.

Question 17

A client asks how the nutrients from food enter the blood. How can the nurse best explain this process?

Accepted Answer

Chemical digestion breaks down food molecules into simpler substances, which can be absorbed by the small intestine and transported into the bloodstream.

Question 18

What local reflexes regulate the GI tract?

Accepted Answer

Local reflexes of the GI tract are primarily regulated by the enteric nervous system, which is a complex network of neurons located within the GI tract itself. The parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems can also influence GI function, but they primarily do so through longer neural pathways that originate from the central nervous system. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are not the best choice.

Question 19

A client is diagnosed with a gastric ulcer secondary to NSAID overuse. Which health care provider order would the nurse question?

Accepted Answer

Clarithromycin is an antibiotic that is commonly used in combination with other drugs for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium associated with gastric ulcers. However, if the client has a known allergy or hypersensitivity to clarithromycin, the nurse should question this order. The other options (omeprazole, famotidine, and ranitidine) are all medications commonly used in the treatment of gastric ulcers and are appropriate orders for a client with this diagnosis.

Question 20

The nurse is teaching the family of a client recently diagnosed with PUD. The nurse knows the family understands the teaching when they state that the risk factors for the development of PUD include: Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected
Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The risk factors for the development of PUD include infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, daily use of aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and smoking. Blood type and consumption of caffeine-free soda are not known to be risk factors for PUD.

Quiz 7: Pharmacology of Alterations in the Gastrointestinal System