Question 1

Elaine feels that her life is empty.She has lost interest in her career and hobbies,and she wonders if she would be better off dead.She is MOST likely suffering from _____ disorder.

Accepted Answer

Elaine's symptoms of feeling empty, losing interest in activities, and contemplating suicide are all indicative of major depressive disorder. Generalized anxiety disorder involves excessive worry and fear, dissociative identity disorder involves multiple distinct personalities, and obsessive-compulsive disorder involves repetitive and intrusive thoughts or behaviors.

Question 2

At some point in their lives,nearly 1 in _____ American adults will experience an episode of major depression.

Accepted Answer

According to the National Institute of Mental Health, nearly 1 in 5 American adults will experience an episode of major depression at some point in their lives. Therefore, the best choice is B) 5.

Question 3

Which figure BEST approximates the percentage of people over 60 who experience major depression in any given year?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which figure BEST approximates the percentage of...

Question 4

Heather has been feeling depressed and listless lately.She has had no motivation and has lost interest in activities she once enjoyed.For Heather to be diagnosed with major depression,these symptoms must last for at least:

Accepted Answer

According to the DSM-5, the symptoms of major depression must last for at least 2 weeks before a diagnosis can be made. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer.

Question 5

Which figure BEST approximates the proportion of women who experience premenstrual dysphoric disorder?

Accepted Answer

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) affects approximately 5% of women of reproductive age, making it a relatively uncommon but significant condition.

Question 6

Feelings of worthlessness,difficulty concentrating,and changes in appetite are symptoms of:

Accepted Answer

Feelings of worthlessness, difficulty concentrating, and changes in appetite are common symptoms of major depressive disorder. Schizophrenia involves symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thinking. Obsessive-compulsive disorder involves obsessions (repetitive and intrusive thoughts) and/or compulsions (repetitive behaviors in response to obsessions). Generalized anxiety disorder involves excessive worry and anxiety about various aspects of life.

Question 7

Nick has felt depressed most of the time for the past two years.On this basis,he may be diagnosed with _____ disorder.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described suggest persistent depressive disorder, which is characterized by a depressed mood that lasts for at least two years. Major depressive disorder and manic depressive disorder (bipolar disorder) may also involve episodes of depression, but persistent depressive disorder refers to a chronic pattern rather than discrete episodes. Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder is a relatively new diagnosis that applies to children who have severe and recurrent temper outbursts that don't match their situation, and is thus not applicable in this case.

Question 8

Adults who feel depressed most of the time for 2 years may be diagnosed with _____ disorder.

Accepted Answer

The term "persistent depressive disorder" was introduced in the DSM-5 to encompass what was previously referred to as dysthymic disorder. It is characterized by a depressed mood that lasts most of the day, for at least 2 years in adults.

Question 9

Sleep problems,lack of energy,and a "down" mood are symptomatic of:

Accepted Answer

Sleep problems, lack of energy, and a "down" mood are all symptoms of major depressive disorder. They are not typically associated with schizophrenia, generalized anxiety disorder, or obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 10

The textbook describes a study in which researchers tracked 144 people with obsessive-compulsive disorder for more than 40 years.Recall the research designs used in developmental psychology.Skoog and Skoog's study exemplifies _____ research.

Accepted Answer

Skoog and Skoog's study followed the same group of individuals for over 40 years, which is a characteristic of a longitudinal research design.

Question 11

For the past four weeks,Nan has been feeling lethargic and worthless.Her friends are worried because she no longer shows interest in her normal social activities.Nan is MOST likely suffering from _____ disorder.

Accepted Answer

Nan's symptoms of feeling lethargic, worthless, and losing interest in normal activities are all characteristic of major depressive disorder. The other disorders listed do not match her symptoms.

Question 12

The rates of major depressive disorder may be up to 3 times _____ for women than for men beginning in _____.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the rates of major depressive disorder are up to 3 times higher for women than for men, and this disparity begins in adolescence. This is attributed to a combination of biological, psychological, and social factors that start to diverge significantly during these years.

Question 13

In major depressive disorder,symptoms must be present for at least _____ consecutive weeks.

Accepted Answer

Major depressive disorder requires symptoms to be present for at least 2 consecutive weeks for a diagnosis according to the DSM-5 criteria.

Question 14

Which statement BEST captures historical trends in suicide rates from 2000 to 2010?

Accepted Answer

Suicide rates increased by approximately 20% from 2000 to 2010, reflecting a significant public health concern and reversing a previous trend of decline.

Question 15

Major depressive disorder is diagnosed when at least _____ symptoms of depression are evident.

Accepted Answer

According to the DSM-5 criteria, at least five symptoms of depression must be present for a diagnosis of major depressive disorder. These symptoms must be present for at least two weeks and represent a change from the person's previous functioning.

Question 16

According to the World Health Organization,which psychological disorder causes the MOST disability in terms of missed work days?

Accepted Answer

Major depressive disorder causes the most disability in terms of missed work days, as it often leads to long-term absences from work and decreased productivity even when individuals are present at their job.

Question 17

Carrie has had trouble sleeping for the past two weeks.She has no energy and feels "blue." Carrie may be suffering from:

Accepted Answer

Carrie's symptoms of trouble sleeping, low energy, and feeling "blue" suggest that she may be experiencing major depressive disorder. This disorder is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness or hopelessness, as well as a loss of interest in enjoyable activities.

Question 18

Compared with younger persons,the prevalence of major depressive disorder is _____ times _____ in individuals 60 years and older.

Accepted Answer

The prevalence of major depressive disorder is 3 times higher in individuals 60 years and older compared with younger persons.

Question 19

What proportion of the population has attempted suicide?

Accepted Answer

The actual proportion of the population who has attempted suicide is difficult to determine because of underreporting and stigma associated with suicide. However, based on research studies, it is estimated that approximately 3% of the population has attempted suicide at some point in their lives. Therefore, option C is the closest estimate.

Question 20

Worldwide,approximately _____ of adults have thought seriously about suicide.

Accepted Answer

According to the World Health Organization, approximately 10% of adults worldwide have thought seriously about suicide at some point in their lives. This amounts to hundreds of millions of individuals. It is important to raise awareness about mental health and suicide prevention to reduce the number of people who experience suicidal thoughts and behaviors.

Quiz 12: Psychological Disorders