Question 1

We take on the characteristics of someone else in order to share in that person's triumphs through the technique of ________.

Accepted Answer

Identification is the process by which an individual takes on the characteristics, behaviors, and attitudes of another person or group in order to share in their triumphs or accomplishments. It involves perceiving oneself as similar to another and adapting to their values and beliefs. Projection involves attributing one's own thoughts, feelings, and behaviors onto another person or group. Sublimation involves redirecting undesirable impulses into socially acceptable behavior, and reaction formation involves expressing the opposite of one's true feelings or desires.

Question 2

When we attribute feelings we do not want to have to someone else we may be ________.

Accepted Answer

When we attribute feelings we do not want to have to someone else, we may be projecting. This often occurs when individuals are uncomfortable with certain emotions and instead of acknowledging them, they project them onto someone else.

Question 3

A parent with unfulfilled ambitions shares emotionally in her child's success. When the child is promoted, the parent feels as if she, herself, has triumphed. Her behavior exemplifies the defense mechanism of ________.

Accepted Answer

Identification is the defense mechanism in which a person takes on the characteristics, behaviors, or attitudes of someone else, usually someone they admire or want to be like. In this case, the parent is identifying with the child's success and feeling as if it were their own.

Question 4

In World War II, many prisoners in concentration camps came to imitate the behaviors and mannerisms of the brutal guards who were their captors. The behavior of these prisoners is probably due to ________.

Accepted Answer

The behavior of the prisoners imitating their captors is likely due to identification, which is a defense mechanism where an individual takes on the characteristics or behaviors of someone else in order to cope with anxiety or distress. They may do this in an attempt to gain favor or protection from their captors, or to feel a sense of control in a situation where they have little agency. It is not sublimation, as this involves channeling one's impulses into a more socially acceptable form of behavior. It is not projection, as this involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings onto others. It is not reaction formation, as this involves expressing the opposite behavior or attitude of what one really feels.

Question 5

The "Stockholm Syndrome" is an example of the defense mechanism of ________.

Accepted Answer

The Stockholm Syndrome is a phenomenon where hostages develop a psychological bond with their captors, which is believed to be a survival mechanism. This can be explained through the defense mechanism of identification, where the individual takes on the characteristics and values of their captor in order to maintain a sense of control and safety in the situation.

Question 6

A form of defensive forgetting is called ________.

Accepted Answer

Repression is a form of defensive forgetting where the individual unconsciously blocks out or forgets an upsetting or traumatic event. Sublimation is when socially unacceptable impulses or behaviors are redirected into more socially acceptable activities. Denial is refusing to acknowledge or accept a reality or truth. Projection is when an individual attributes their own unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or motives onto someone else.

Question 7

A supposedly mature adult reverting to childlike behavior is typical of ________.

Accepted Answer

Regression involves reverting back to a previous stage of development in response to stress or anxiety. This can manifest as childlike behavior in adults.

Question 8

Analyzing our problems by detaching ourselves from them and talking about them as if they concerned not us, but other people, is called ________.

Accepted Answer

The described process is called intellectualization, which involves discussing a problem in a detached and analytical manner, without being influenced by significant emotional responses. Projection refers to attributing one's own unwanted thoughts or feelings to others, sublimation involves redirecting negative impulses into socially acceptable behavior, and regression refers to reverting to an earlier stage of emotional development.

Question 9

The reverse of projection is ________.

Accepted Answer

The reverse of projection is identification, which involves recognizing and accepting qualities or traits in oneself that were previously projected onto others.

Question 10

The salesman who throws a "temper tantrum" when his car is not repaired on schedule is probably ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The salesman who throws a "temper tantrum"...

Question 11

The reverse of projection, ________ is often used as a defense mechanism when people feel trapped and utterly helpless.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The reverse of projection, ________ is often...

Question 12

The most basic defense mechanisms are ________.

Accepted Answer

Denial and repression are considered the most basic defense mechanisms as they involve the unconscious blocking or avoiding of unpleasant or threatening thoughts or emotions. Projection and rationalization involve more complex cognitive processes.

Question 13

A student who is failing but does not study because she refuses to believe that the instructor will really give her an "F" at the end of the term is using the defense mechanism of ________.

Accepted Answer

The student is using the defense mechanism of denial, as she is refusing to accept the reality of her failing grade despite evidence (lack of studying) that suggests it is a possibility.

Question 14

"Crying like a baby" to manipulate someone into giving you what you want is a form of ________.

Accepted Answer

Crying like a baby to manipulate someone is an example of regression, which is a defense mechanism where a person reverts to an earlier developmental stage in order to avoid conflict or anxiety.

Question 15

Soldiers who break down in the battlefield often cope with their situation by blocking out all memories of their behavior and their situation. This is a type of ________.

Accepted Answer

Repression involves unconsciously blocking out traumatic memories or thoughts as a coping mechanism. This is a common defense mechanism utilized by individuals who have experienced traumatic events, such as soldiers in the battlefield. Withdrawal and aggression are also defense mechanisms, but are not directly related to the described coping mechanism. Intellectualization involves overthinking and rationalizing emotions, which is not applicable in this scenario.

Question 16

A corporate executive who feels guilty about the way she ascended to power accuses her colleagues of ruthless ambition. Her behavior typifies ________.

Accepted Answer

The individual is projecting her own guilt onto her colleagues, accusing them of something that she herself may be guilty of. Projection is a defense mechanism where one attributes their own unwanted thoughts or traits onto someone else.

Question 17

The reverse of identification is ________.

Accepted Answer

The reverse of identification is projection. Identification is when an individual takes on the qualities or traits of another person or group, while projection is when an individual attributes their own thoughts, feelings, or behaviors to someone else. So, projection is the opposite of identification.

Question 18

The most common mechanism for blocking painful feelings and memories is ________.

Accepted Answer

Repression is the most common mechanism for blocking painful feelings and memories. It involves unconsciously pushing unwanted thoughts or memories out of awareness, making them difficult or impossible to retrieve.

Question 19

In a hostage situation, to survive, victims sometimes seek to please their captors, and may identify with them as a way of coping with unbearable and unstoppable stress. This phenomenon is known as the ________.

Accepted Answer

Stockholm syndrome refers to the psychological response where hostages form an emotional bond or alliance with their captors as a way of coping with the traumatic situation. The term was coined after a 1973 bank robbery in Stockholm, Sweden, where hostages began to sympathize and identify with their captors. The general adaptation syndrome is a model that describes the body's responses to stress. The phi phenomenon refers to the illusion of movement created when two or more adjacent lights blink on and off in quick succession. Korsakoff's syndrome is a memory disorder caused by severe deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1).

Question 20

Many sports fans are proud to wear their team "colors" and copies of the team uniform. Freud would see this as a form of ________.

Accepted Answer

Freud recognized identification as a psychological mechanism by which individuals adopt certain characteristics or behaviors of another person or group. In this case, sports fans may identify with their team and feel a sense of belonging and pride by wearing team colors and clothing.

Quiz 11: Stress and Health Psychology