Question 1

The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend consuming fewer foods with sodium (salt), saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, added sugars, and refined grains. This recommendation is aimed at promoting a healthy diet and reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as obesity, heart disease, and diabetes. Consuming two alcoholic beverages per day is not recommended, and eliminating oils and solid fats from the diet is not necessary as some oils such as olive oil provide health benefits. Decreasing vegetable and fruit intake is also not recommended as they are important sources of essential vitamins, minerals, and dietary fiber.

Question 2

Margaret, an elderly woman, needs to limit her kilocalorie intake without sacrificing needed nutrients. Keeping in mind MyPlate, which of the following could she do?

Accepted Answer

Eliminating entire food groups or counting only kilocalories may not ensure that Margaret is getting the nutrients she needs. Instead, she should focus on choosing nutrient-dense foods that are also low in kilocalories, such as fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. This aligns with the MyPlate guidelines, which emphasize a balanced and varied diet.

Question 3

Missy visits a doctor because she feels tired most of the time, is easily distracted, and feels chilled. As part of her examination, Missy has blood drawn to be tested for concentrations of nutrients and their by-products. This part of the examination is the

Accepted Answer

The testing of Missy's blood for nutrient concentrations and by-products is part of a biochemical evaluation, which assesses the biochemical and metabolic functions of the body. The other options listed (anthropometric assessment, physical examination, and clinical examination) do not involve blood testing for nutrient concentrations.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the MyPlate Fruit group?

Accepted Answer

Including plenty of fruit juices is not recommended as they often contain added sugars and lack the fiber found in whole fruits. It is better to choose fresh, frozen, canned or dried fruits.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT required on a nutrition label?

Accepted Answer

While nutrition labels do include the amounts of certain vitamins and minerals, they are not required to list the amount per serving of all vitamins and minerals for which there is an RDA. The other three options listed (serving size, total kilocalories from fat per serving, total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol per serving) are all required on a nutrition label.

Question 6

Which government agency is responsible for regulating most U.S. food labeling?

Accepted Answer

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for regulating most U.S. food labeling, including nutritional information, health claims, and ingredient lists. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) also plays a role in regulating some food labeling, particularly for meat, poultry, and egg products. However, the FDA has primary jurisdiction over most food products sold in the United States. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF) is responsible for regulating the labeling of alcoholic beverages, while the Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) is a nonprofit organization that advocates for food safety and nutrition policies, but does not have regulatory authority.

Question 7

The 2010 Dietary Guidelines emphasize

Accepted Answer

The 2010 Dietary Guidelines emphasize reducing total calories, sugar-sweetened beverages, saturated fat, and sodium in order to promote health and prevent chronic diseases. The guidelines do not suggest reducing physical activity, increasing animal protein, or increasing all types of dairy products.

Question 8

Kate consumes 1,900 kilocalories each day. She requires 1,750 kilocalories to meet daily energy needs. Over time, Kate's kilocalorie consumption could lead to

Accepted Answer

Kate's kilocalorie consumption is higher than her daily energy needs, which can lead to overnutrition. This can result in weight gain, obesity, and related health problems such as diabetes and heart disease.

Question 9

Nutrient density can be defined as the amount of

Accepted Answer

Nutrient density is the amount of a particular nutrient in a serving of food divided by the number of kilocalories in that serving. This helps to determine whether a food is a good source of nutrients while also being reasonably low in calories. Choice B is incorrect as it divides by the number of grams of protein rather than kilocalories. Choice C is incorrect as it divides kilocalories by the amount needed in a day, which does not provide information on nutrient density. Choice D is incorrect as it divides by the amount of the nutrient needed for that day, which also does not provide information on nutrient density.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a wise application of MyPlate?

Accepted Answer

Eliminating foods from the Fruits group to lose weight is not a wise application of MyPlate. All other choices are in line with MyPlate recommendations for a balanced and healthy diet.

Question 11

When looking at the ingredient label of a bottled spaghetti sauce, you see that olive oil is the second ingredient. This means that olive oil is

Accepted Answer

The order of ingredients on a food label is listed by weight, with the ingredient listed first being the most abundant and the ingredient listed last being the least abundant. Therefore, if olive oil is listed as the second ingredient, it is the second most abundant ingredient by weight.

Question 12

According to MyPlate, how much do you need from the Protein Foods group when consuming a 2,000-calorie diet?

Accepted Answer

According to MyPlate, when consuming a 2,000-calorie diet, one needs 5 1/2 ounce-equivalents every day from the Protein Foods group.

Question 13

Jeff, a world-class triathlete, visits a dietitian to obtain sports nutrition advice. During his visit, Jeff is asked to recall what he ate for the past 24 hours. Which part of a nutritional assessment is this?

Accepted Answer

Asking Jeff to recall what he ate for the past 24 hours is part of a dietary assessment, which involves obtaining information about an individual's food and beverage intake.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is consistent with the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

Accepted Answer

The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend balancing the calories you eat with physical activity. A diet very low in fat and cholesterol is no longer recommended, and a diet with plenty of animal products including milk and meats may not be the healthiest choice. Eating an abundance of saturated fats is also not recommended by the Dietary Guidelines.

Question 15

Mrs. Mitchell was hospitalized after being found unconscious in her home. A dietitian conducted a nutritional assessment, noting the general appearance of Mrs. Mitchell's skin, eyes, and tongue. Which part of the assessment is this?

Accepted Answer

The general appearance of Mrs. Mitchell's skin, eyes, and tongue is part of the clinical examination in a nutritional assessment. The medical history involves reviewing medical conditions and medications, while the diet history involves obtaining information about food and nutrient intake. The biochemical evaluation involves analyzing blood and urine samples for nutrient levels.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of nutritional assessments?

Accepted Answer

This statement is incorrect as it suggests that nutrition assessments are not valuable, which is not true. The other options are limitations of nutritional assessments.

Question 17

By law, which of the following food items must display a nutrition facts label?

Accepted Answer

According to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), pre-packaged foods that are intended for retail sale must display a nutrition facts label, including granola bars. Fresh fruits and vegetables, as well as fresh fish and meat, are exempt from this requirement.

Question 18

Which of the following is true about the use of MyPlate?

Accepted Answer

MyPlate emphasizes the importance of including a variety of foods from all food groups (fruits, vegetables, grains, protein, and dairy) in one's diet. It does not exclude the use of fats, oils, and sweets, but encourages moderation in their consumption. The guide is not intended for infants as their nutritional needs are different from those of older children and adults. While milk and meat can be part of a healthy diet, they are not considered essential as there are alternative sources of nutrients.

Question 19

EER refers to

Accepted Answer

EER stands for Estimated Energy Requirement, which refers to the number of calories needed by the average person of a specific height, weight, age, gender, and physical activity level to maintain their body weight and meet their energy needs. Option A refers to the set of nutrient recommendations including RDAs, AIs, and ULs, while option C refers to actual calorie needs measured by calorimetry. Option D refers to the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA).

Question 20

The acronym DRI stands for

Accepted Answer

The acronym DRI stands for Dietary Reference Intake, which is a set of nutrient reference values that are used to assess and plan diets for healthy people in the United States and Canada. These values include recommended daily intake levels for energy, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients.

Quiz 2: Guidelines for Designing a Healthy Diet