Question 1

Micki was born with cataracts in both eyes,which were removed when he was 5.However,because Micki lacked visual experiences during early childhood he

Accepted Answer

Micki's lack of visual experiences during early childhood would have prevented the normal development of neural connections in areas of the brain assigned to vision, leading to a loss of these connections. This is commonly seen in cases of early childhood blindness or visual impairment.

Question 2

At age 10,Cameron is unable to remember the dramatic car accident he was in or the injuries he suffered when he was almost 3 years old.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

Infantile amnesia is the inability to remember events from early childhood, typically before the age of 3-4 years old. This is a common phenomenon and is likely due to the fact that the hippocampus, the brain area responsible for forming new memories, is not fully developed during infancy. The fact that Cameron cannot remember the accident he was in at age 3 is an example of infantile amnesia.

Question 3

Dr.Lively believes that children whose parents are not responsive to their needs during the first two months of life will never develop basic trust.Obviously,Dr.Lively believes that this phase of development is a(n)

Accepted Answer

Dr.Lively believes that the first two months of life is a critical period in the development of basic trust. Critical periods refer to specific time periods during development when certain experiences are necessary for optimal development to take place.

Question 4

Three-year-old Madhur mistakenly thinks that blown-up balloons are always round.His idea best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A schema is a cognitive framework or concept that helps organize and interpret information. Madhur's belief that balloons are always round is an example of a schema he has developed based on his experiences.

Question 5

Piaget suggested that cognitive development involved an individual's construction of

Accepted Answer

Piaget believed that cognitive development involved an individual's construction and modification of mental structures called schemas, which are the frameworks for organizing and interpreting information.

Question 6

When people recognize the inaccuracy of ethnic stereotypes and revise their beliefs,they are demonstrating the process of

Accepted Answer

Accommodation is the process of adjusting existing cognitive schemas or creating new ones to make sense of new experiences or information. Recognizing the inaccuracy of ethnic stereotypes and revising beliefs involves a change in existing cognitive schemas, which is a demonstration of the accommodation process. Maturation refers to biological development, assimilation involves fitting new experiences into existing cognitive schemas without changing them, and attachment refers to the emotional bond between individuals.

Question 7

Mr.and Mrs.Batson can't wait to begin toilet training their 1-year-old daughter.The Batsons most clearly need to be told about the importance of

Accepted Answer

The Batsons need to understand the concept of maturation, which refers to the natural unfolding of developmental changes in a child's physical and cognitive abilities. Toilet training is most successful when children have reached a certain level of maturation, such as being able to control their bladder and bowel movements. It is important for parents to wait until the child is developmentally ready for toilet training to prevent frustration and setbacks.

Question 8

The recommended position for putting babies to sleep is

Accepted Answer

The recommended position for putting babies to sleep is on their backs. This position has been found to reduce the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) which is more common when babies are placed on their stomachs or sides. The nearly upright sitting position is not recommended for sleeping as it can increase the risk of choking and is not safe for infants who are unable to support their heads.

Question 9

Poor memory for early life experiences results from a baby's relative lack of

Accepted Answer

Poor memory for early life experiences is due to the fact that a baby's brain is not fully matured. The brain structures necessary for memory consolidation and retrieval are not fully developed until later in childhood. Secure attachment, egocentrism, and stranger anxiety may play a role in early experiences, but they are not the primary reason for poor memory during infancy.

Question 10

The processes of assimilation and accommodation were most clearly highlighted by

Accepted Answer

The processes of assimilation and accommodation are central concepts in Piaget's cognitive development theory. Assimilation refers to the process of incorporating new information into existing schemas, while accommodation involves modifying existing schemas or creating new ones to fit new information. These processes are fundamental to the way that children learn and adapt to the world around them as they grow and develop.

Question 11

A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A schema is a cognitive framework that helps organize and interpret information. It helps individuals make sense of new information by providing a structure for understanding it. Schemas can be applied to a wide variety of situations, from social interactions to physical objects. Options A, B, and D do not accurately describe a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information.

Question 12

According to Piaget,assimilation involves

Accepted Answer

According to Piaget, assimilation is the process of interpreting new experiences in terms of one's current understanding. This means that new information is understood and integrated into existing schemas or mental frameworks.

Question 13

A stimulating environment is most likely to facilitate the development of a child's

Accepted Answer

A stimulating environment is one that offers a variety of experiences and opportunities for exploration, which can help to facilitate the development of neural connections in a child's brain. This can lead to improved cognitive skills, language development, and overall brain function. Insecure attachment, stranger anxiety, and egocentrism are not necessarily related to the quality of the child's environment.

Question 14

Identical twins typically begin walking on nearly the same day.This best illustrates the importance of ________ to motor skills.

Accepted Answer

Maturation refers to the biological processes that govern the growth and development of the body and brain. This includes the development of motor skills such as walking. Identical twins share the same genetic makeup, so their maturation processes are likely to occur at a similar pace, leading to similar timing in their achievement of motor milestones such as walking. Responsive parenting, accommodation, and conservation do not explain the similarity between the timing of walking in identical twins.

Question 15

When tethered to a mobile,infants learned the association between

Accepted Answer

Infants have been observed to learn the association between their own kicking movements and the movement of a tethered mobile. This association is a key aspect of early motor development and promotes the development of spatial awareness and depth perception. The other options (looking and smell, rooting and sound, swallowing and color) do not have a clear or relevant association with a mobile, and are not supported by research on infant learning.

Question 16

Piaget is best known for his interest in the process of ________ development.

Accepted Answer

Piaget's theory focused on the cognitive development of children, specifically how they develop knowledge and understand concepts over time. He believed that children go through distinct stages of cognitive development as they grow and interact with the world around them.

Question 17

We refer to all the mental activities associated with thinking,knowing,remembering,and communicating as

Accepted Answer

The term "cognition" refers to all the mental processes associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating, making it the best choice. Maturation refers to the biological processes that lead to orderly changes in behavior or development, while accommodation and assimilation are terms associated specifically with Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Question 18

Three-year-old Zara calls all four-legged animals "kitties." Her tendency to fit all four-legged animals into her existing conception of a kitten illustrates the process of

Accepted Answer

Assimilation is the process of fitting new experiences into existing mental schemas or concepts. In this case, Zara is fitting all four-legged animals into her existing concept of a kitten.

Question 19

Adjusting current schemas to make sense of new information is called

Accepted Answer

Accommodation is the process of adjusting current schemas to make sense of new information. Egocentrism refers to the tendency to view the world from one's own perspective, while assimilation is the process of fitting new information into existing schemas. Maturation refers to the biological growth and development of an organism.

Question 20

The relative lack of brain maturation during the first two years of life is most likely to contribute to

Accepted Answer

Infantile amnesia is the inability to recall events that occurred before the age of 3 or 4, and is thought to be due to the relative lack of brain maturation during the first two years of life.

Quiz 3: Developing Through the Life Span