Question 1

Research indicates that most abusive parents were

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the majority of abusive parents were abused as children themselves, perpetuating the cycle of violence and abuse. This suggests that there may be a cyclical pattern of abuse within families, and underscores the importance of intervening early and effectively to break this cycle.

Question 2

Golden hamsters that are repeatedly threatened and attacked while young grow up to be ________ when caged with same-sized hamsters.

Accepted Answer

Golden hamsters who experienced repeated threats and attacks while young tend to have a higher level of anxiety and fear, leading them to act cowardly and avoid conflict when caged with same-sized hamsters.

Question 3

Parents in Westernized cultures are more likely than parents in Asian cultures to encourage children to value

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that parents in Westernized cultures place a greater emphasis on individualism, autonomy, and nonconformity, while parents in Asian cultures emphasize obedience, conformity, and respect for authority and cultural traditions. Therefore, nonconformity is the most likely value that Western parents encourage their children to adopt.

Question 4

Parents who make few demands on their children and use little punishment are

Accepted Answer

Parents who make few demands on their children and use little punishment are referred to as permissive parents. These parents tend to show warmth and affection towards their children, but they lack discipline and structure in their parenting style. They are often seen as indulgent and lenient towards their children's behavior, which can lead to behavioral problems and a lack of respect for authority.

Question 5

Authoritarian parents are especially likely to be

Accepted Answer

Authoritarian parents tend to use coercion and punishment as their primary form of discipline, rather than natural consequences or positive reinforcement. They may also be more controlling and less responsive to their children's needs, which can lead to conflict and tension in the parent-child relationship.

Question 6

The association between authoritative parenting and the social competence of children might result from an underlying third factor such as shared genes.This best reminds us that

Accepted Answer

This option reminds us that just because there is an association or correlation between two variables, it does not mean that one directly causes the other. In this case, it is possible that the association between authoritative parenting and social competence is not directly caused by parenting style, but rather by a third factor such as shared genes.

Question 7

The loss of parental attention and care experienced by many children who live in a group home is likely to put them at increased risk for

Accepted Answer

Insecure attachments refer to a lack of trust and sense of insecurity in relationships, and can result from the loss of parental attention and care. Living in a group home often means that children do not receive the same level of individual attention and emotional support that they would in a family setting, which can lead to difficulties forming secure attachments with others. Infantile amnesia, egocentrism, and stranger anxiety are not directly related to the loss of parental attention and care experienced by children in group homes.

Question 8

Psychologists describe child raising in which rules are imposed without explanation as a(n)________ parenting style.

Accepted Answer

The authoritarian parenting style is characterized by strict rules and expectations imposed on the child without providing any explanation or reasoning behind them. It often involves punishment for not following the rules, and the parent has complete control over the child's behavior.

Question 9

The Albertsons establish and enforce rules for their children to follow.They give reasons for the rules and invite their teenagers to join in the discussion when new rules are being made.Psychologists would characterize the Albertsons as ________ parents.

Accepted Answer

The Albertsons are characterized as authoritative parents because they establish and enforce rules, but also give reasons for the rules and invite their teenagers to join in the discussion when new rules are being made. This approach allows for open communication and encourages the development of independence and decision-making skills in their children. Unlike authoritarian parents who are restrictive and enforce rules without explanation, or permissive parents who have few rules and boundaries, authoritative parents seek a balance between control and freedom.

Question 10

Children who survive harsh conditions of poverty often bounce back from this adversity and go on to lead a better life.This most clearly illustrates

Accepted Answer

The ability of children to overcome difficult situations and continue to develop positively is known as resilience. This is demonstrated by children who grow up in poverty and are able to lead successful lives despite the adversity they faced. The other options are not applicable in this scenario.

Question 11

Parents who discuss and negotiate family rules are especially likely to raise children who are

Accepted Answer

Parents who discuss and negotiate family rules with their children are practicing authoritative parenting, which has been shown to promote self-reliance and independence in children. Children raised in authoritarian or permissive households may be more likely to be insecurely attached, disobedient, or egocentric.

Question 12

The children of authoritarian parents tend to be ________ socially skilled than the children of authoritative parents.The children of permissive parents tend to be ________ immature than the children of authoritative parents.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The children of authoritarian parents tend to...

Question 13

Kelly and Bobbi communicate few behavioral expectations to their children,and they are typically inattentive to their children's needs for supervision.Psychologists would characterize Kelly and Bobbi as ________ parents.

Accepted Answer

Negligent parents are characterized by lack of behavioral expectations and supervision for their children. This type of parenting style can be harmful to children's well-being and development.

Question 14

Compared with children raised in Westernized cultures,children in Asian cultures grow up with a strong sense of

Accepted Answer

In Asian cultures, emphasis is placed on collectivism and family values, which leads to the development of a strong sense of family self. This contrasts with Western cultures, where individualism is emphasized and children are encouraged to develop a strong sense of self-esteem. Therefore, option D is the best choice. Options A, B, and C are not as applicable to this cultural comparison.

Question 15

Compared with a half-century ago,North American parents today place

Accepted Answer

North American parents today generally place less emphasis on obedience and more on fostering individuality and self-expression in their children compared to a half-century ago. This shift reflects broader cultural changes towards more permissive parenting styles and away from strict obedience and loyalty to family norms.

Question 16

Some individuals are so uncomfortable getting close to others that they'll do anything to maintain their distance.These people are said to demonstrate an insecure

Accepted Answer

The description of being uncomfortable getting close to others and maintaining distance corresponds with the characteristics of individuals with an avoidant attachment style. They often have difficulty trusting others and may avoid intimate relationships altogether.

Question 17

Unrestraining parents are said to be ________,whereas uninvolved parents are said to be ________.

Accepted Answer

Unrestraining parents are typically classified as permissive, whereas uninvolved parents are classified as negligent. The terms authoritarian and authoritative refer to different types of restrictions and involvement in parenting, and are not directly related to the degree of involvement or restraint. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect.

Question 18

Two characteristics of authoritative parents are that they provide children with

Accepted Answer

Authoritative parents provide clear behavior expectations and demonstrate high levels of parental responsiveness. This means that they communicate clear rules and standards to their children while also being warm, supportive, and involved in their lives. This approach tends to promote positive outcomes for children, including higher academic achievement, better social skills, and greater emotional well-being.

Question 19

In intimate relationships,an avoidant attachment style ________ commitment and ________ conflict.

Accepted Answer

Avoidant attachment style is characterized by a fear of intimacy and a reluctance to commit to relationships. As a result, individuals with this attachment style tend to decrease commitment and avoid conflict in intimate relationships. They prefer to keep distance and maintain their independence, which can cause difficulties in forming close relationships. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.

Question 20

Monkeys raised in total isolation have been observed to

Accepted Answer

Monkeys raised in total isolation often exhibit fear or aggression when introduced to other monkeys, as they lack socialization experiences.

Quiz 3: Developing Through the Life Span