Question 1

Julian's feelings of pain and anxiety were replaced by slowed respiration,pupil constriction,and lethargy shortly after using

Accepted Answer

Heroin is a depressant drug that slows down the central nervous system, resulting in slowed respiration, constricted pupils, and lethargy. These symptoms are consistent with the effects of heroin use described in the scenario.

Question 2

Repeated use of an opiate

Accepted Answer

Repeated use of opiates can lead to a decrease in the brain's production of endorphins, which are natural pain-relieving chemicals in the body. This can result in a tolerance to the drug and the need for higher doses to achieve the same effect. In addition, withdrawal symptoms such as anxiety, agitation, and insomnia can occur when the drug is stopped, indicating that the brain has become dependent on the opiates. Increased heart and breathing rates are more commonly associated with stimulants, not opiates. Auditory and visual hallucinations are also not typically associated with opiate use.

Question 3

When Muhammed first gave up his smoking habit,he experienced a restlessness and distractibility that made it very difficult to focus on his work or the needs of his family.Muhammed was most clearly experiencing symptoms of

Accepted Answer

Muhammed is experiencing symptoms of withdrawal, which commonly include restlessness and distractibility. Hallucinations and intoxication are not mentioned as symptoms, and disinhibition is not a likely explanation for Muhammed's difficulty focusing.

Question 4

About eight hours of heightened energy and mood follow use of the stimulant drug

Accepted Answer

Methamphetamine is a powerful central nervous system stimulant that can provide users with a burst of energy, euphoria, and confidence that can last for up to eight hours. This is in contrast to other stimulants like caffeine, which typically only provide a mild boost in energy and mood for a few hours at most. Ecstasy and cocaine can also produce euphoric effects, but their duration of action is generally shorter than that of methamphetamine.

Question 5

Drugs such as caffeine that excite neural activity and speed up body functions are

Accepted Answer

Stimulants are drugs that increase neural activity and bodily functions, such as caffeine which increases alertness and energy. Barbiturates are depressants that slow down the central nervous system. Narcotics are pain relievers that can also have a depressant effect. Endorphins are natural chemicals produced in the brain that act as painkillers and mood enhancers.

Question 6

A rewarding consequence of cigarette smoking is that it reduces

Accepted Answer

Nicotine in cigarettes is a pain reducer and can increase pain tolerance, making it a rewarding consequence for some smokers. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as cigarette smoking actually increases blood pressure, heart rate, and the release of epinephrine, which are harmful effects.

Question 7

When deprived of nicotine,smokers experience

Accepted Answer

When deprived of nicotine, smokers experience distractibility as they crave the drug and may have trouble focusing on other tasks. Hallucinations, heightened levels of dopamine, and heightened levels of endorphins are not typically associated with nicotine withdrawal.

Question 8

By triggering the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine,________ boosts alertness and diminishes appetite.

Accepted Answer

Nicotine triggers the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine, which increases heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration, leading to increased alertness and decreased appetite. Alcohol, heroin, and marijuana do not have the same effect on the release of these hormones.

Question 9

Amphetamines are classified as ________ and barbiturates are classified as ________.

Accepted Answer

Amphetamines are stimulants which increase activity in the central nervous system and can enhance physical performance and decrease appetite. Barbiturates are depressants which slow down activity in the central nervous system and can produce sedation and relaxation.

Question 10

After two years of regularly smoking cigarettes,Lynette is preparing to quit.Which of the following symptoms of nicotine withdrawal is she most likely to experience when she first discontinues smoking?

Accepted Answer

The most common symptom of nicotine withdrawal is anxiety, along with irritability, restlessness, and difficulty concentrating. Drowsiness and insensitivity to pain are not typical symptoms of nicotine withdrawal, and while some people may experience a diminished appetite, it is not the most common symptom.

Question 11

Suspiciousness,convulsions,and cardiac arrest are disturbances most closely associated with the use of

Accepted Answer

Suspiciousness, convulsions, and cardiac arrest are common adverse effects of cocaine use. Marijuana use may cause paranoia and hallucination, but these symptoms are not as severe as convulsions and cardiac arrest. Barbiturates may cause respiratory depression and coma, but they do not typically cause convulsions or cardiac arrest. Heroin use may cause respiratory depression and overdose, but it does not typically cause convulsions or cardiac arrest.

Question 12

When cocaine is snorted,injected,or smoked,it produces a rush of euphoria by

Accepted Answer

Cocaine works by blocking the reuptake of neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, in the brain. This results in an accumulation of dopamine in the synapse, which produces a rush of euphoria. Snorting, injecting, or smoking cocaine all deliver the drug directly into the bloodstream, which enhances the effects. Cocaine does not typically create hallucinations or increase REM sleep, and while it may produce a sense of relaxation or relief from stress, it is not necessarily extreme.

Question 13

Zachary experienced a surge of energy and feelings of self-confidence and euphoria that lasted less than an hour after taking a drug that blocked the reuptake of dopamine,norepinephrine,and serotonin.The drug he used was most likely

Accepted Answer

Cocaine is a stimulant drug that blocks the reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. This leads to an increase in the concentration of these neurotransmitters in the brain, resulting in feelings of energy, self-confidence, and euphoria. The effects of cocaine typically last for a relatively short period of time, often less than an hour, which is consistent with Zachary's experience described in the question.

Question 14

Stimulants ________ appetite and ________ self-confidence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Stimulants ________ appetite and ________ self-confidence.
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Question 15

François was dismayed to discover that some of his football teammates were using drugs to enhance their footwork and endurance on the playing field.Which of the following drugs were the players most likely using?

Accepted Answer

Amphetamines are stimulant drugs that can enhance performance by increasing focus, alertness, and reducing fatigue. They are commonly used by athletes to improve their physical performance. Morphine and barbiturates are depressant drugs that would have the opposite effect, while marijuana is unlikely to improve athletic performance.

Question 16

Which of the following is a stimulant drug whose aftereffects may include seizures,depression,and occasional violent outbursts?

Accepted Answer

Methamphetamine is a highly addictive stimulant drug that can cause a range of physical and mental health issues, including seizures, depression, and occasional violent outbursts. Heroin is an opioid drug that depresses the central nervous system and can cause respiratory failure, not seizures or violent outbursts. Marijuana is a mild hallucinogen and depressant that does not typically cause seizures or violent behavior. LSD is a hallucinogenic drug that can cause unpredictable and intense changes in mood and perception, but it does not typically cause seizures or violence.

Question 17

Morphine and heroin are

Accepted Answer

Morphine and heroin are both opiates, which means they are drugs derived from the opium poppy plant. They act on the central nervous system to produce pain relief and feelings of pleasure, but can also cause addiction and other negative side effects.

Question 18

Which synthetic opiate is sometimes prescribed as a substitute for heroin?

Accepted Answer

Methadone is a synthetic opiate that is sometimes prescribed as a substitution therapy for heroin addiction. It works by occupying the same receptors in the brain as heroin, reducing withdrawal symptoms and cravings without producing the same euphoric effects. Methamphetamine and ecstasy are stimulants and THC is a compound found in marijuana, none of which are used as substitutes for heroin.

Question 19

Cocaine is classified as a(n)

Accepted Answer

Cocaine is classified as a stimulant. It increases activity in the central nervous system, leading to heightened alertness, energy, and euphoria.

Question 20

Which of the following is an amphetamine derivative that acts as a mild hallucinogen?

Accepted Answer

Ecstasy (also known as MDMA) is a synthetic amphetamine derivative that acts as a mild hallucinogen. Marijuana is not an amphetamine derivative and is instead categorized as a cannabinoid. Nembutal is a type of barbiturate and heroin is an opioid, neither of which are amphetamine derivatives.

Quiz 13: Psychological Disorders