Question 1

The "father" of social psychology,Kurt Lewin,pointed out the importance of understanding how people ________ their social environments.

Accepted Answer

Kurt Lewin emphasized the importance of understanding how people construe, or interpret, their social environments. He believed that individuals' subjective perceptions and interpretations of their environments played a significant role in their behavior and attitudes.

Question 2

Which of the following is a consequence of underestimating the power of social influence?

Accepted Answer

Underestimating the power of social influence can lead to a false sense of security, where we believe that we are in control of our behavior and not influenced by others. However, this can lead to poor decision-making and increased vulnerability to social pressures.

Question 3

Your text describes an experiment in which students could choose to play competitively or cooperatively in a game either called the "Wall Street Game" or the "Community Game." Which of the following is a valid conclusion to reach based on the results of that experiment?

Accepted Answer

The experiment showed that the name of the game (Wall Street vs Community) greatly influenced whether students chose to play competitively or cooperatively, despite no actual differences between the games. This suggests that even seemingly trivial aspects of the social situation can have a significant influence on behavior.

Question 4

Marta left a party feeling very upset.Rather than trying to recall each conversation she had during the party,Marta tried to explain her feelings by reflecting on the party as a whole.The process Marta used resembles the approach used by ________ psychologists.

Accepted Answer

Gestalt psychologists focus on the perception of wholes and patterns rather than individual elements. Marta's approach of reflecting on the party as a whole aligns with this perspective.

Question 5

Social psychologists' emphasis on construals of social situations has its roots in ________ psychology.

Accepted Answer

Social psychologists' emphasis on construals of social situations has its roots in Gestalt psychology which emphasizes on how people perceive and interpret their environments.

Question 6

If Professor Sharma defined social situations in terms of their objective physical properties,rather than their subjective properties,he would probably focus on _______ as determining behaviour.

Accepted Answer

Focusing on objective physical properties would suggest that behavior is determined by the consequences of actions, such as reinforcement or punishment. This is in contrast to subjective interpretations, personality characteristics, emotions, or Gestalt principles.

Question 7

What do social psychologists mean by the expression "subjective situations"?

Accepted Answer

Social psychologists use the term "subjective situations" to refer to the way a situation is interpreted by individuals. It implies that people do not react to an objective situation, but rather to their own interpretation of that situation, which may be influenced by various factors like their past experiences or personal biases.

Question 8

When Mark goes to give Jean a congratulatory pat on the back after a job well done,she jumps and turns away.Mark has just read Chapter 1,and fancies himself something of a Gestalt psychologist.What is he likely to think about Jean's behaviour?

Accepted Answer

As a Gestalt psychologist, Mark would be more likely to focus on how Jean interpreted his gesture rather than assuming her behavior is a result of her personality, past experiences, or mental health. He would understand that individuals have their own subjective experiences of the world and interactions with others, and that Jean may have had a different interpretation of his pat on the back than he intended.

Question 9

Assume that Liberman,Samuels,and Ross (2004)randomly assigned participants previously identified as cooperative and participants identified as competitive to play a game that was labeled either the "Wall Street Game," or the "Community Game." Further assume that no matter what the game,participants who were identified as competitive behaved more competitively in both groups than did participants who were identified as cooperative.What would these findings suggest?

Accepted Answer

The findings suggest that personality characteristics (in this case, being cooperative or competitive) influence behavior in a variety of social situations, regardless of whether the situation is labeled as a "Wall Street Game" or a "Community Game." Therefore, personality characteristics may be considered more fundamental in determining social behavior than specific social situations.

Question 10

How would a social psychologist explain why some parents might fail to protect their children from the harm caused by cult leaders?

Accepted Answer

Social psychologists would likely point to situational factors and social influence techniques as the primary reason why some parents fail to protect their children from harm caused by cult leaders. These factors can include a sense of belonging or purpose, pressure to conform, and a loss of critical thinking skills. The cult leader may also utilize mind control techniques, further weakening the parents' ability to resist the group's influence. Additionally, parents who are vulnerable to stress or mental illnesses may be more susceptible to cult influence, but this is not the only or primary explanation. The other options (D and E) involve making negative assumptions about the parents' character or ability, which is not necessarily supported by research on cult involvement.

Question 11

In trying to make sense of the mass murder-suicide of the members of the Order of the Solar Temple,a Gestaltist would probably

Accepted Answer

Gestaltists emphasize the subjective meaning of the individual's experience and how it relates to their behavior. In this case, it would be important for a Gestaltist to understand the subjective meaning and motivations behind the mass murder-suicide for the Temple followers.

Question 12

One of Kurt Lewin's boldest intellectual contributions to social psychology was

Accepted Answer

Kurt Lewin's application of Gestalt principles to social perception was groundbreaking in that it emphasized the importance of considering the whole picture, rather than just the individual parts, in understanding social phenomena. This approach stimulated new research directions and helped to broaden the scope of social psychology beyond the study of individual traits and behaviours.

Question 13

According to the text,to conclude that cult members who commit mass suicide are "weak-minded" people who are particularly susceptible to influence is to

Accepted Answer

The statement implies a judgment about the internal, stable characteristics of the individuals involved in the mass suicide, which is a classic example of the fundamental attribution error. It ignores the powerful situational and social factors that can dramatically influence behaviour, such as the charismatic leader, groupthink, and social pressure. Therefore, it is not accurate to conclude that they are "weak-minded" or especially vulnerable to influence.

Question 14

Because their intellectual roots lie in Gestalt psychology,social psychologists tend to focus on ________.

Accepted Answer

Gestalt psychology emphasizes people's subjective interpretations of the world around them, and social psychology inherited this focus on subjective experiences and Cognitive processes. Therefore, social psychologists tend to study how people interpret and make sense of social situations, rather than just observing objective behavior or examining personality differences.

Question 15

According to the text,the problem with committing the fundamental attribution error is that

Accepted Answer

All of the above statements are true. The fundamental attribution error oversimplifies complex situations, ignores contextual factors, and can lead to misunderstandings of behavior. Additionally, people may not realize when they are committing this error, and it can affect their own self-perception and vulnerability to social influence.

Question 16

Liberman,Samuels,and Ross (2004)found that people playing the "Wall Street Game" were ________ competitive than people playing the "Community Game," ________ individual differences in competitiveness and cooperativeness.

Accepted Answer

The study found that the name of the game influenced behavior, with people being more competitive in the "Wall Street Game" than in the "Community Game," regardless of their individual differences in competitiveness and cooperativeness.

Question 17

When Tiffany plays volleyball with her friends,she is a team player.When she goes bowling with them,she does her best to beat them.These observations suggest that

Accepted Answer

Tiffany's behavior suggests that she is responding to norms as a source of social influence. In volleyball, teamwork and cooperation are valued, which could be why she behaves as a team player. In bowling, competition and individual achievement are valued, which could be why she tries her best to beat her friends. This indicates that Tiffany is adapting her behavior to fit the norms of each activity.

Question 18

In their approach to understanding social behaviour,social psychologists are most similar to

Accepted Answer

The answer of In their approach to understanding social behaviour,social...

Question 19

Recall that Liberman,Samuels,and Ross (2004)randomly assigned participants previously identified as either competitive or cooperative to one of two games: the "Wall Street Game," or the "Community Game." Also recall that fully twice as many players in the Wall Street Game behaved competitively compared to people who played the Community Game.What do these findings suggest?

Accepted Answer

The findings suggest that even minor aspects of a social situation can override personality differences, as twice as many people behaved competitively in the Wall Street Game compared to the Community Game. This suggests that the situation or context can have a strong influence on behavior, regardless of one's personality traits.

Question 20

The whole is different from the sum of its parts.This statement reflects a tenet of ________ psychology.

Accepted Answer

This statement reflects the Gestalt psychology principle that the perception of an object or scene is not simply the sum of its individual parts, but rather a holistic experience.

Quiz 1: Introduction to Social Psychology

The "father" of social psychology,Kurt Lewin,pointed out the importance of understanding how people ________ their social environments.

Which of the following is a consequence of underestimating the power of social influence?

Your text describes an experiment in which students could choose to play competitively or cooperatively in a game either called the "Wall Street Game" or the "Community Game." Which of the following is a valid conclusion to reach based on the results of that experiment?

Marta left a party feeling very upset.Rather than trying to recall each conversation she had during the party,Marta tried to explain her feelings by reflecting on the party as a whole.The process Marta used resembles the approach used by ________ psychologists.

Social psychologists' emphasis on construals of social situations has its roots in ________ psychology.

If Professor Sharma defined social situations in terms of their objective physical properties,rather than their subjective properties,he would probably focus on _______ as determining behaviour.

What do social psychologists mean by the expression "subjective situations"?

When Mark goes to give Jean a congratulatory pat on the back after a job well done,she jumps and turns away.Mark has just read Chapter 1,and fancies himself something of a Gestalt psychologist.What is he likely to think about Jean's behaviour?

How would a social psychologist explain why some parents might fail to protect their children from the harm caused by cult leaders?

In trying to make sense of the mass murder-suicide of the members of the Order of the Solar Temple,a Gestaltist would probably

One of Kurt Lewin's boldest intellectual contributions to social psychology was

According to the text,to conclude that cult members who commit mass suicide are "weak-minded" people who are particularly susceptible to influence is to

Because their intellectual roots lie in Gestalt psychology,social psychologists tend to focus on ________.

According to the text,the problem with committing the fundamental attribution error is that

Liberman,Samuels,and Ross (2004) found that people playing the "Wall Street Game" were competitive than people playing the "Community Game," individual differences in competitiveness and cooperativeness.

When Tiffany plays volleyball with her friends,she is a team player.When she goes bowling with them,she does her best to beat them.These observations suggest that

In their approach to understanding social behaviour,social psychologists are most similar to

The whole is different from the sum of its parts.This statement reflects a tenet of ________ psychology.

Quiz 1: Introduction to Social Psychology

The "father" of social psychology,Kurt Lewin,pointed out the importance of understanding how people ________ their social environments.

Which of the following is a consequence of underestimating the power of social influence?

Your text describes an experiment in which students could choose to play competitively or cooperatively in a game either called the "Wall Street Game" or the "Community Game." Which of the following is a valid conclusion to reach based on the results of that experiment?

Marta left a party feeling very upset.Rather than trying to recall each conversation she had during the party,Marta tried to explain her feelings by reflecting on the party as a whole.The process Marta used resembles the approach used by ________ psychologists.

Social psychologists' emphasis on construals of social situations has its roots in ________ psychology.

If Professor Sharma defined social situations in terms of their objective physical properties,rather than their subjective properties,he would probably focus on _______ as determining behaviour.

What do social psychologists mean by the expression "subjective situations"?

When Mark goes to give Jean a congratulatory pat on the back after a job well done,she jumps and turns away.Mark has just read Chapter 1,and fancies himself something of a Gestalt psychologist.What is he likely to think about Jean's behaviour?

How would a social psychologist explain why some parents might fail to protect their children from the harm caused by cult leaders?

In trying to make sense of the mass murder-suicide of the members of the Order of the Solar Temple,a Gestaltist would probably

One of Kurt Lewin's boldest intellectual contributions to social psychology was

According to the text,to conclude that cult members who commit mass suicide are "weak-minded" people who are particularly susceptible to influence is to

Because their intellectual roots lie in Gestalt psychology,social psychologists tend to focus on ________.

According to the text,the problem with committing the fundamental attribution error is that

Liberman,Samuels,and Ross (2004) found that people playing the "Wall Street Game" were ________ competitive than people playing the "Community Game," ________ individual differences in competitiveness and cooperativeness.

When Tiffany plays volleyball with her friends,she is a team player.When she goes bowling with them,she does her best to beat them.These observations suggest that

In their approach to understanding social behaviour,social psychologists are most similar to

The whole is different from the sum of its parts.This statement reflects a tenet of ________ psychology.

Liberman,Samuels,and Ross (2004) found that people playing the "Wall Street Game" were competitive than people playing the "Community Game," individual differences in competitiveness and cooperativeness.