Question 1

Findings from the National Opinion Research Center surveys of 50 Americans report 26 percent of those who rarely or never attend religious services say they are _______,while 48 percent of those attending multiple times weekly said they are _______.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is D) very happy; very happy. This is because the question implies a positive correlation between frequent attendance at religious services and self-reported happiness levels.

Question 2

Which of the following is true of the research and findings of Gallup surveys on well-being?

Accepted Answer

Gallup surveys have found that they can identify a daily snapshot of American well-being, including measures of happiness and stress, through their research. Option A is incorrect as the researchers have found that cultural differences can play a role in the levels of positive emotions reported across countries. Option B is incorrect as Gallup has not identified specific days of the week as being better or worse for well-being. Option D is incorrect as there is no indication that Americans are not responding to surveys, and Gallup continues to conduct research on well-being.

Question 3

In the context of sustainability and survival,the King of Bhutan believes that:

Accepted Answer

The King of Bhutan believes in the concept of gross national happiness, which prioritizes the well-being and contentment of citizens over economic growth measured by gross national product. This approach is in line with the principles of sustainability, as it emphasizes the need for a balanced and holistic approach to development that takes into account social, environmental, and economic dimensions of well-being. It also recognizes the importance of preserving cultural traditions and natural resources for future generations. Option A is incorrect, as it suggests Bhutan should adopt an unsustainable and consumption-driven model of development. Option B is incorrect, as it overlooks the complex and systemic factors that influence happiness and well-being. Option C is also incorrect, as upward social comparison can lead to feelings of inadequacy and dissatisfaction, which are not conducive to sustainable or genuine happiness.

Question 4

Allison,an enthusiastic chemist,works in her lab for hours together without eating food.She feels great joy when she is unselfconsciously absorbed in her experiments.Her dedication has helped her to great heights in her professional life.In the context of social psychology,Allison is most likely experiencing _______ in this scenario.

Accepted Answer

Allison is likely experiencing flow, which is a state where someone is fully immersed in an activity and loses track of time and other distractions. This is characterized by a sense of enjoyment and satisfaction with the activity, and can often occur during skilled and challenging tasks such as in chemistry experiments. Mindfulness is a state of being aware and present in the moment, whereas hypomania is a manic state that may involve excessive activity and risk-taking behavior. Individual hypnosis involves a state of heightened suggestibility and is unlikely to be relevant in this scenario.

Question 5

Today's college students,when asked to identify their reasons for going to college,stress:

Accepted Answer

The primary reason many students today attend college is to improve their financial prospects. This reflects a shift from past generations, where the emphasis might have been more on personal development or acquiring a broad education.

Question 6

Csikszentmihalyi (1990,1999)refers to the state wherein we are unselfconsciously absorbed in a mindful challenge as:

Accepted Answer

Csikszentmihalyi refers to this state as "flow", which is characterized by complete immersion in an activity, a sense of control and mastery over the task at hand, and a loss of self-consciousness. This state is often associated with a sense of enjoyment and fulfillment.

Question 7

Which of the following is a way climate educators can apply social psychology's principles in overcoming misinformation and motivated reasoning?

Accepted Answer

By using "green defaults," climate educators can appeal to people's natural inclination to go with the flow and choose the default option. This can help nudge people towards more sustainable choices without necessarily requiring them to actively change their behavior or beliefs. Additionally, using social psychology principles to understand and address motivated reasoning can improve the effectiveness of climate education efforts. Avoiding connecting the message to the audience's values, ensuring values have political color, and avoiding thinking local may not be effective strategies for addressing misinformation and motivated reasoning.

Question 8

Susie has just seen her test grade on her latest psychology exam on the grade sheet posted by her professor.She was disappointed to see that she received 75 percent.She feels better,however,when she looks further down the list and finds that she did better than 60 percent of her classmates.Susie is engaging in:

Accepted Answer

Susie is engaging in social comparison by comparing her score to the scores of her classmates to gain a better understanding of how she performed overall. The backfire effect occurs when someone's beliefs become stronger in the face of contradictory evidence, confirmation bias is when someone seeks out information that confirms their existing beliefs, and the misinformation effect occurs when someone's memory of an event is distorted by information they receive after the event.

Question 9

Frank has been feeling a great deal of stress lately because he has been struggling to meet his monthly expenses.Naturally,then,he is ecstatic when he receives a raise at work.After a few weeks,though,he again finds himself struggling to make his credit payments.Frank's situation is an example of:

Accepted Answer

The adaptation-level phenomenon is the tendency for people to judge their current situation and experiences based on recent past experiences. In Frank's case, he was stressed about his expenses before receiving the raise, but once he received it, his expectations and standard of living adjusted accordingly. However, as time passed and his expenses increased, he found himself struggling again despite the raise. This is a classic example of the adaptation-level phenomenon.

Question 10

In the context of materialism,which of the following statements is true of wealth and well-being?

Accepted Answer

Materialism often focuses on accumulating wealth and possessions as a means of achieving happiness and well-being. However, research has shown that this correlation does not hold up in the long term, as people adapt to their material possessions and become less satisfied with them over time. The statement that a decreasing proportion of people are satisfied "with the way things are going in their life today" suggests that despite increases in wealth, people are not experiencing greater well-being.

Question 11

Which of the following has NOT been linked to the decrease in birth rates in less-developed countries?

Accepted Answer

Global warming has not been specifically linked to the decrease in birth rates in less-developed countries. Factors such as food security, education of women, and empowerment of women have all been found to have correlations with lower birth rates.

Question 12

Which statement about happiness and wealth is true?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that once basic needs are met, additional wealth does not necessarily lead to increased happiness. In fact, a better predictor of happiness is having one's psychological needs met, such as having a sense of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Therefore, having financial satisfaction is not as important to overall happiness as having psychological needs met.

Question 13

Bogota,Colombia's former mayor believes in all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The former mayor of Bogota, Colombia believes in building more parks, increasing school enrollment, and that a city is successful not when it's rich but when its people are happy. However, there is no indication that he believes in having more income from visitors.

Question 14

Who is most likely to report experiencing a higher quality of life?

Accepted Answer

Chris, the psychology professor, focuses on areas such as marriage, personal growth, and volunteer efforts with the homeless, which are all related to personal fulfillment and social connectedness. These factors have been linked to higher quality of life, making Chris the most likely to report experiencing a higher quality of life compared to the other options.

Question 15

What major phenomenon encompasses all the following phenomena of reduction in the size of the polar ice caps,migration of plants and animals toward the poles and higher elevations,increase in rain days and longer rainy seasons,and permafrost thawing?

Accepted Answer

Global warming is the major phenomenon that encompasses all the mentioned phenomena, as it causes an increase in the Earth's average temperature, leading to the reduction of the polar ice caps, migration of plants and animals towards higher latitudes and elevations, increase in precipitation, longer rainy seasons, and permafrost thawing. Population growth and erosion do not adequately explain these phenomena, while industrialization may contribute to global warming but is not the best choice to encompass all the mentioned phenomena.

Question 16

Those who seek extrinsic goals are more likely to experience anxiety,depression,and psychosomatic ills.In this context,which of the following groups of individuals is less likely to experience depression?

Accepted Answer

Individuals who strive for the development of their community are likely to have intrinsic goals, which have been linked to positive well-being, including lower rates of depression. Working towards a higher purpose beyond oneself can provide a sense of meaning and purpose, which can be protective against depression.

Question 17

The Guidelines for National Indicators of Subjective Well-Being and Ill-Being have questions available for assessing all of the following issues EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The Guidelines for National Indicators of Subjective Well-Being and Ill-Being have questions available for assessing life satisfaction, quality of life, and domain satisfaction, but do not have questions available for assessing anger levels.

Question 18

Charles,a renowned artist,loses all account of time when he is engaged in his work.He even forgets to eat while painting or making sculptures.He is not very rich,but he is very happy with his life.In the context of social psychology,Charles is most likely experiencing _______ in this scenario.

Accepted Answer

Flow is a state of complete immersion in an activity where a person loses all sense of time and self-consciousness. Charles' experience of losing track of time while engaged in his artwork is a classic example of flow. The other options such as unconditional positive regard, trance, and individual hypnosis do not accurately describe Charles' experience in this scenario.

Question 19

The adaptation-level phenomenon refers to our tendency to adapt relative to a neutral level defined by:

Accepted Answer

The adaptation-level phenomenon refers to how we adapt to a certain baseline or neutral level based on our own previous experiences. This means that our perception of the world is influenced by what we've experienced before, rather than objective or universal standards.

Question 20

Which of the following is one of the "Five Principles of Sustainable Development" in the U.K.government's Framework of Sustainable Development?

Accepted Answer

The Five Principles of Sustainable Development in the U.K. government's Framework of Sustainable Development are living within environmental limits, ensuring a strong, healthy and just society, achieving a sustainable economy, promoting good governance, and using sound science responsibly. Of these, the principle of living within environmental limits is the one that directly addresses the importance of balancing human activities with the capacity of the planet to support them over the long term. The other options listed do not align with these principles.

Quiz 16: Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future

Findings from the National Opinion Research Center surveys of 50 Americans report 26 percent of those who rarely or never attend religious services say they are _,while 48 percent of those attending multiple times weekly said they are _.