Question 1

________ begins when a consumer perceives a need that might be satisfied by the purchase and consumption of a product.
A) Marketing mix
B) Prepurchase search
C) Need recognition
D) Evaluation of alternatives
E) Psychological field

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ begins when a consumer perceives a...

Question 2

According to a study of external search effort associated with different product categories, as search effort increased, consumer attitudes toward shopping became more ________ and ________ time was made available for shopping.
A) negative; more
B) negative; less
C) positive; more
D) positive; less
E) negative; the same amount of

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to a study of external search...

Question 3

In high risk situations, consumers are likely to engage in complex and extensive ________.
A) information search
B) need recognition
C) routinized behavior
D) psychological field reorganization
E) self-assessment

Accepted Answer

In high risk situations, consumers are likely to engage in complex and extensive information search because they want to gather as much information as possible to minimize risks and avoid negative consequences.

Question 4

Beth is tired of carrying around a cumbersome CD player and a heavy collection of CDs so she can listen to her music on-the-go, and so has decided to convert her CD music collection to MP3 and buy an iPod. This is an example of ________ need recognition.
A) hypothetical state
B) acquired state
C) desired state
D) avoidance state
E) psychological state

Accepted Answer

Beth's decision to convert her CD collection to MP3 and buy an iPod stems from her desire to have a more convenient and portable way to listen to her music, which represents a desired state. She wants to move from her current cumbersome situation to a more convenient one.

Question 5

External search effort associated with purchase is greatest when ________.
A) consumers have high product category knowledge
B) consumers do not care about the purchase
C) the purchase situation is low-risk
D) product category knowledge is low
E) subjective knowledge is high

Accepted Answer

External search effort is greatest when consumers have low product category knowledge because they need to gather more information to make an informed decision.

Question 6

________ is the number of alternatives and the amount of information available for each alternative.
A) Information organization
B) Psychological field
C) External source
D) Time constraint
E) Task complexity

Accepted Answer

The number of alternatives and the amount of information available for each alternative is commonly referred to as task complexity.

Question 7

Within the context of the model of consumer decision making, the ________ represents the internal influences that affect consumers' decision-making processes.
A) marketing mix
B) prepurchase search
C) decision
D) evaluation of alternatives
E) psychological field

Accepted Answer

The psychological field represents the internal influences that affect consumers' decision-making processes. The marketing mix represents the external influences, prepurchase search and evaluation of alternatives represent the information search process, and decision represents the outcome of the decision-making process.

Question 8

Which of the following is an important form of external information?
A) memories
B) past experience
C) shopping
D) heuristics
E) knowledge

Accepted Answer

Shopping is an important form of external information because it involves actively seeking out and gathering information about products, prices, and brands from sources outside of one's own memory or experience.

Question 9

________ is the presentation, format, and content of available information.
A) Information organization
B) Psychological field
C) External source
D) Time constraint
E) Task complexity

Accepted Answer

Information organization refers to the way information is presented, formatted and the content that is available to the user. This includes factors such as ease of navigation, search functions, and the structure of the information.

Question 10

The ________ component of the consumer decision-making model is concerned with how consumers make decisions.
A) process
B) output
C) decision
D) input
E) emotional

Accepted Answer

The process component of the consumer decision-making model focuses on how consumers make decisions. This includes the steps they take, the information they gather, the criteria they use to evaluate alternatives, and the heuristics or shortcuts they may employ. The other components of the model (input, decision, and output) are more focused on the specific factors that influence the decision, the decision itself, and the outcomes that result from the decision, respectively.

Question 11

Within the context of the model of consumer decision making, ________ is likely to occur when a consumer is faced with a "problem."
A) marketing mix
B) prepurchase search
C) need recognition
D) evaluation of alternatives
E) psychological field

Accepted Answer

Need recognition occurs when a consumer is faced with a problem, meaning that they realize they have a need or want that is not currently being met. The other options listed are steps in the process of consumer decision making but are not necessarily related to a specific problem or need.

Question 12

When a product fails to perform satisfactorily, it triggers ________ need recognition.
A) hypothetical state
B) actual state
C) desired state
D) avoidance state
E) psychological state

Accepted Answer

Actual state need recognition occurs when there is a discrepancy between a consumer's current state and the desired state. In this case, the product is not performing satisfactorily, which creates a gap between the consumer's current state and desired state, resulting in actual state need recognition.

Question 13

Past experience is considered a(n)________ source of information.
A) irrelevant
B) risky
C) external
D) internal
E) limited

Accepted Answer

Past experience is considered an internal source of information because it is based on an individual's personal history and memory of events. It is not considered irrelevant, risky, external, or limited.

Question 14

John has decided that he needs to switch cellular service providers because his cell phone doesn't work in his new apartment. Within the context of the model of consumer decision making, this is an example of ________ need recognition.
A) hypothetical state
B) actual state
C) desired state
D) avoidance state
E) psychological state

Accepted Answer

John has encountered an actual problem where his cell phone doesn't work in his new apartment. This is an example of an actual state need recognition, where there is a discrepancy between the actual state and the desired state.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a factor that increases prepurchase search?
A) high price
B) short periods of time between successive purchases
C) no past experience
D) a socially visible product
E) high product involvement

Accepted Answer

Short periods of time between successive purchases do not necessarily increase prepurchase search as consumers may already have prior knowledge or experience with the product. The other factors listed, such as high price, no past experience, socially visible product, and high product involvement, may all contribute to an increased prepurchase search as consumers seek more information before making a purchase decision.

Question 16

Chaz is tired of lugging around a digital camera on location site visits as he tries to identify potential retail properties, so he decides to buy a new cell phone with a high quality digital camera. The desire for the new camera was prompted by ________.
A) marketing mix
B) prepurchase search
C) need recognition
D) evaluation of alternatives
E) psychological field

Accepted Answer

Chaz's desire for a new cell phone with a high quality digital camera was prompted by the recognition of his need to simplify the process of identifying potential retail properties while on location site visits.

Question 17

Newspaper or magazine articles, direct-mail brochures, and websites are considered ________ prepurchase information sources.
A) external
B) evoked
C) independent
D) network
E) personal

Accepted Answer

External sources of information refer to those that are not controlled by the consumer (such as advertisements created by the company selling the product). Newspaper or magazine articles, direct-mail brochures, and websites are all examples of external sources of information that a consumer may consult before making a purchase decision.

Question 18

Friends, neighbors, coworkers, and salespeople are considered ________ prepurchase information sources.
A) impersonal
B) evoked
C) independent
D) network
E) external

Accepted Answer

The answer of Friends, neighbors, coworkers, and salespeople are considered...

Question 19

Within the context of the model of consumer decision making, the ________ includes the unwritten codes of conduct that indicate which consumption behavior should be considered "right" or "wrong."
A) marketing mix
B) output
C) decision
D) input
E) sociocultural influences

Accepted Answer

Sociocultural influences refer to the influence of social and cultural factors on consumer behavior. Within this context, norms and values are the unwritten codes of conduct that indicate which consumption behavior should be considered right or wrong. These sociocultural influences are one among several types of inputs that affect the consumer decision-making process. The marketing mix refers to the set of tactical tools that firms use to promote their products, while the output refers to the actual decision and the resulting behavior of the consumer. The decision itself is a part of the cognitive process that consumers use to make choices.

Question 20

A study of ________ suggests postpurchase dissonance results from unsuccessful prepurchase search.
A) search frustration
B) out-of-stock situations
C) discretionary search
D) search regret
E) cognitive challenges

Accepted Answer

The answer of A study of ________ suggests postpurchase dissonance...

Quiz 14: Consumer Decision Making and Diffusion of Innovations

________ begins when a consumer perceives a need that might be satisfied by the purchase and consumption of a product.

According to a study of external search effort associated with different product categories, as search effort increased, consumer attitudes toward shopping became more and time was made available for shopping.

In high risk situations, consumers are likely to engage in complex and extensive ________.

Beth is tired of carrying around a cumbersome CD player and a heavy collection of CDs so she can listen to her music on-the-go, and so has decided to convert her CD music collection to MP3 and buy an iPod. This is an example of ________ need recognition.

External search effort associated with purchase is greatest when ________.

________ is the number of alternatives and the amount of information available for each alternative.

Within the context of the model of consumer decision making, the ________ represents the internal influences that affect consumers' decision-making processes.

Which of the following is an important form of external information?

________ is the presentation, format, and content of available information.

The ________ component of the consumer decision-making model is concerned with how consumers make decisions.

Within the context of the model of consumer decision making, ________ is likely to occur when a consumer is faced with a "problem."

When a product fails to perform satisfactorily, it triggers ________ need recognition.

Past experience is considered a(n) ________ source of information.

John has decided that he needs to switch cellular service providers because his cell phone doesn't work in his new apartment. Within the context of the model of consumer decision making, this is an example of ________ need recognition.

Which of the following is NOT a factor that increases prepurchase search?

Chaz is tired of lugging around a digital camera on location site visits as he tries to identify potential retail properties, so he decides to buy a new cell phone with a high quality digital camera. The desire for the new camera was prompted by ________.

Newspaper or magazine articles, direct-mail brochures, and websites are considered ________ prepurchase information sources.

Friends, neighbors, coworkers, and salespeople are considered ________ prepurchase information sources.

Within the context of the model of consumer decision making, the ________ includes the unwritten codes of conduct that indicate which consumption behavior should be considered "right" or "wrong."

A study of ________ suggests postpurchase dissonance results from unsuccessful prepurchase search.