Question 1

In one early investigation conducted by Huston (1973), men were shown pictures of women of varying levels of physical attractiveness. Some of the men were told that each woman was available for a date, and some men were given no such reassurance. Men who were guaranteed a date tended to choose _______; the men who were not guaranteed a date selected _______.
A) the most attractive women; less attractive women
B) moderately attractive women; highly attractive women
C) highly attractive women; highly attractive women
D) less attractive women; moderately attractive women

Accepted Answer

Men who were guaranteed a date tended to choose the most attractive women, while the men who were not guaranteed a date selected less attractive women.

Question 2

The mere exposure effect refers to the general finding that the more one is exposed to another person . . .
A) The more one will like the person
B) The less one will like the person
C) The more important one's evaluation of the person will become
D) The less extreme one's evaluation of the person will become

Accepted Answer

The mere exposure effect refers to the phenomenon that the more we are exposed to a stimulus (such as a person), the more we tend to like it. This effect has been demonstrated repeatedly in experimental studies, and may be due in part to our brain's preference for familiarity and the reduction of uncertainty that comes with increased exposure.

Question 3

At a party, Brian notices an attractive woman sitting alone at one of the tables. He approaches her and strikes up a conversation. What nonverbal behavior will be most effective in conveying his romantic interest to her?
A) Winking suggestively and leering at her
B) Moving closer and gazing into her eyes
C) Picking his teeth
D) Flexing his biceps and grimacing with the effort

Accepted Answer

Moving closer and gazing into her eyes is a nonverbal behavior that conveys interest and attraction without being aggressive or off-putting. Winking suggestively and leering can be seen as creepy and invasive, while picking his teeth and flexing his biceps are not appropriate for a romantic approach.

Question 4

When Millie met Caryl for the first time, she liked her. Caryl is in two of Millie's classes this quarter, and Millie now sees her all the time. Which of the following is likely?
A) Millie will like Caryl more as the result of increased familiarity.
B) Millie will like Caryl more as the result of increased responsiveness.
C) Millie will dislike Caryl more as the result of increased familiarity.
D) Millie will grow more neutral in her emotional responses to Caryl as the result of increased familiarity.

Accepted Answer

According to the mere exposure effect, people tend to like things more as they become more familiar with them. Therefore, as Millie sees Caryl more frequently in her classes, she is likely to develop more positive feelings towards her.

Question 5

Eye contact, smiling, and leaning forward are all behaviors that indicate _______.
A) physical attraction
B) responsiveness
C) similarity
D) familiarity

Accepted Answer

Eye contact, smiling, and leaning forward are all nonverbal cues of responsiveness, indicating that the person is engaged and interested in the conversation. They may not necessarily indicate physical attraction, similarity, or familiarity.

Question 6

Research suggests that people use which of the following nonverbal behaviors to convey romantic attraction or interest to another person in initial encounters?
A) Turning away
B) Frowning
C) Smiling
D) Looking away

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that people use smiling as a nonverbal behavior to convey romantic attraction or interest to another person in initial encounters.

Question 7

Scientific research on flirting suggests which of the following conclusions?
A) There are large cross-cultural differences in flirting behavior.
B) Eye contact is used as a flirting behavior only in the U.S.
C) Smiling is among the least common flirting behaviors.
D) Men and women use the same basic nonverbal behaviors to flirt.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that while there may be some cultural variations, men and women generally use similar nonverbal behaviors, such as eye contact and smiling, to flirt across different cultures.

Question 8

In one early investigation conducted by Huston (1973), men were shown pictures of women of varying levels of physical attractiveness. Some of the men were told that each woman was available for a date, and some men were given no such assurance. Men who were guaranteed a date tended to choose the most attractive women; the men who were not guaranteed a date selected less attractive women. This finding demonstrated that . . .
A) Comparison level of alternatives plays a role in partner selection
B) Affiliation is dependent on physical attraction
C) Attractiveness is not an essential determinant of affiliation
D) Insecurity plays a role in dating decisions

Accepted Answer

The answer of In one early investigation conducted by Huston...

Question 9

Relationship scientists believe that people pay attention to an individual's responsiveness because it provides important information about _______.
A) the likelihood that he or she will act in a harmful or beneficial way
B) the possibility that the individual possesses similar attributes
C) the potential for interpersonal conflict
D) the likelihood of a future relationship with that individual

Accepted Answer

The answer of Relationship scientists believe that people pay attention...

Question 10

A person's field of availables is primarily influenced by _______.
A) his or her personal preferences
B) the surrounding physical, virtual, and social environment
C) feelings of attraction
D) his or her own level of responsiveness

Accepted Answer

The field of availables refers to the individuals, opportunities, and options that are present in someone's surroundings. This includes the physical environment (such as the location and resources available), the virtual environment (such as online platforms and technology), and the social environment (such as the people and relationships available). Each of these factors contributes to shaping an individual's field of availables. While personal preferences, feelings of attraction, and level of responsiveness may also play a role, they are secondary to the influence of the surrounding environment.

Question 11

The concept field of availables refers to _______.
A) the extent of a person's ties to the community
B) the number of sexual partners a person has
C) other people who are available and accessible for interaction
D) the composition of an individual's social network

Accepted Answer

The concept of availables refers to other people who are available and accessible for interaction. It does not refer to the extent of a person's ties to the community, the number of sexual partners a person has, or the composition of an individual's social network.

Question 12

Person A sees Person B studying in the library. Models of affiliation suggest that Person A will be most likely to attempt to initiate an interaction with Person B when
(1) A's attraction to B is high
(2) B's perceived attraction to A is high
(3) A's receptivity to B is high
(4) B's perceived receptivity to A is high
A) 1, 3, and 4
B) 1 and 2
C) 3 and 4
D) 1, 2, and 4

Accepted Answer

The answer of Person A sees Person B studying in...

Question 13

Which of the following conclusions about familiarity and interpersonal attraction can we draw?
A) Extreme familiarity usually decreases attraction.
B) Repeated exposure to someone does not always increase positive responses to that person.
C) Familiarity always results in attraction.
D) Familiarity is not strongly associated with attraction.

Accepted Answer

While familiarity can lead to increased attraction in some cases, it is not always the case. Research has shown that repeated exposure to someone can actually lead to negative feelings or decreased attraction. Therefore, choice B is the best conclusion we can draw.

Question 14

Social proximity refers to _______.
A) the physical closeness of two social networks
B) the closeness of two people in virtual space
C) how socially desirable two people are
D) the extent to which two people's social networks overlap

Accepted Answer

Social proximity refers to the extent to which two people's social networks overlap. This can include shared friends or contacts, similar interests or activities, or overlapping communities or organizations. It is different from physical proximity or virtual closeness, as it focuses specifically on the social connections between individuals. It is also not related to how socially desirable individuals may be perceived.

Question 15

Physical proximity may promote attraction between two people through which mechanisms?
A) Social networking
B) Interpersonal repulsion
C) Familiarity and similarity
D) Virtual reality

Accepted Answer

Physical proximity may lead to familiarity and similarity, which are known to be important factors in attraction. When two people are physically close to each other, they are more likely to interact with each other and get to know each other, which can lead to feelings of similarity and comfort. This can increase the likelihood of attraction between the two individuals. Social networking and virtual reality do not necessarily require physical proximity, and interpersonal repulsion would not promote attraction.

Question 16

Which one of the following nonverbal behaviors does NOT convey romantic attraction or interest in initial encounters?
A) Facing away from the partner
B) Gazing directly at the partner
C) Smiling at the partner
D) Facing toward the partner

Accepted Answer

Facing away from the partner does not convey romantic attraction or interest in initial encounters. In fact, it may suggest disinterest or avoidance. The other options (gazing directly at the partner, smiling at the partner, and facing toward the partner) are all potential nonverbal cues of romantic attraction or interest.

Question 17

Holling knows that responsiveness is an important factor in romantic attraction. He recently met Shelly and is hoping to have a relationship with her. During their next conversation, what should Holling do to demonstrate his responsiveness to Shelly and increase the likelihood that she will have a positive response to his overtures?
A) Maintain eye contact, smile, and lean forward when speaking to her
B) Glance away and interrupt her frequently
C) Sit as close as possible and try to kiss her and fondle her breasts
D) Sit back in his chair, stare at her, and shake his head

Accepted Answer

Maintaining eye contact, smiling, and leaning forward when speaking to Shelly shows that Holling is engaged in the conversation and interested in what she has to say. This demonstrates his responsiveness and increases the likelihood that Shelly will have a positive response to his overtures. Glancing away and interrupting her frequently, sitting as close as possible and trying to kiss her and fondle her breasts, or sitting back in his chair, staring at her, and shaking his head are all behaviors that are likely to turn Shelly off and decrease the likelihood of a positive response.

Question 18

Physical proximity is most accurately viewed as which one of the following?
A) A social condition that facilitates attraction
B) An environmental condition that facilitates interaction
C) A necessary condition for affiliation
D) A necessary condition for interaction

Accepted Answer

Physical proximity is considered an environmental condition that facilitates interaction because it makes it easier for people to come into contact and communicate with each other.

Question 19

Which of the following reasons have been proposed to explain why similarity might result in attraction?
A) Similar others are generally more responsive to us.
B) Similar others tend to be more physically attractive.
C) We assume that similar others will like us.
D) Similarity is socially desirable.

Accepted Answer

We are more likely to feel attracted to people who are similar to us because we assume that these individuals will like us in return. This expectation of reciprocal liking can increase our own feelings of liking and make us more likely to pursue a relationship with someone who shares our interests and values.

Question 20

One of the first studies to document the impact of physical attractiveness on romantic attraction was the "computer dance" study conducted by Hatfield and colleagues (1966). What did the researchers find?
A) A matching effect such that people preferred partners at their own level of attractiveness
B) A mismatching effect such that highly attractive people preferred much less attractive partners
C) Men preferred highly attractive partners, whereas women preferred moderately attractive partners.
D) Both men and women preferred highly attractive partners.

Accepted Answer

The "computer dance" study found that both men and women preferred highly attractive partners, indicating a universal inclination towards physical attractiveness in romantic attraction.

Quiz 2: Attraction, Affiliation, and Courtship

The mere exposure effect refers to the general finding that the more one is exposed to another person . . .

At a party, Brian notices an attractive woman sitting alone at one of the tables. He approaches her and strikes up a conversation. What nonverbal behavior will be most effective in conveying his romantic interest to her?

When Millie met Caryl for the first time, she liked her. Caryl is in two of Millie's classes this quarter, and Millie now sees her all the time. Which of the following is likely?

Eye contact, smiling, and leaning forward are all behaviors that indicate _______.

Research suggests that people use which of the following nonverbal behaviors to convey romantic attraction or interest to another person in initial encounters?

Scientific research on flirting suggests which of the following conclusions?

Relationship scientists believe that people pay attention to an individual's responsiveness because it provides important information about _______.

A person's field of availables is primarily influenced by _______.

The concept field of availables refers to _______.

Which of the following conclusions about familiarity and interpersonal attraction can we draw?

Social proximity refers to _______.

Physical proximity may promote attraction between two people through which mechanisms?

Which one of the following nonverbal behaviors does NOT convey romantic attraction or interest in initial encounters?

Physical proximity is most accurately viewed as which one of the following?

Which of the following reasons have been proposed to explain why similarity might result in attraction?

One of the first studies to document the impact of physical attractiveness on romantic attraction was the "computer dance" study conducted by Hatfield and colleagues (1966) . What did the researchers find?