Question 1

The British empiricists, according to your text, are
A) John Locke, George Berkeley and David Hume
B) Robert Nozick, George Berkeley, and John Locke
C) Robert Nozick, John Locke and David Hume
D) Robert Nozick, David Hume, and George Berkeley

Accepted Answer

The British empiricists are traditionally identified as John Locke, George Berkeley, and David Hume.

Question 2

Innate ideas are ideas that
A) are acquired through experience.
B) based on an individual's cultural traditions.
C) can never be known to be true.
D) the mind possesses from birth.

Accepted Answer

Innate ideas are ideas that we are born with and do not need to learn through experience or cultural traditions. They are inherent in the mind from birth.

Question 3

Whose theories were accepted by Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf?
A) Hume's
B) Kant's
C) Humboldt's
D) Hopi's

Accepted Answer

Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf were both heavily influenced by the linguistic theories of Wilhelm von Humboldt. They believed that language not only influences thought but also shapes our perception of the world. This idea is known as linguistic relativity or the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. While they did not fully agree on all aspects of Humboldt's theories, they both recognized his contributions to the field of linguistics.

Question 4

What philosopher argues that space and time are structures within our minds?
A) Immanuel Kant
B) David Hume
C) John Locke
D) Gottfried Leibniz

Accepted Answer

Kant argues in his Critique of Pure Reason that space and time are not properties of the external world, but rather they are structures within our minds that shape our experience of the world. This view is known as transcendental idealism. Hume and Locke did not hold this view, and while Leibniz had his own unique perspective on space and time, he did not argue that they were structures within our minds in the same way that Kant did.

Question 5

The empricist believes that
A) the only source of genuine knowledge is sense experience.
B) apart from experience, reason is an unreliable and inadequate route to knowledge.
C) there is no evidence of innate ideas within the mind.
D) all of these choices

Accepted Answer

Empiricists believe that the only source of genuine knowledge is sense experience (A), and that apart from experience, reason is an unreliable and inadequate route to knowledge (B). They also reject the notion of innate ideas and argue that the mind is initially like a blank slate or tabula rasa, which is gradually filled with ideas and knowledge from experience (C). Therefore, all of these choices are correct.

Question 6

According to Jainism, the practice of is key to our future liberation. It basically means the avoidance of all aggression, injury, or harm to other living things.
A) ahimsa
B) empiricism
C) rationalism
D) satyagraha

Accepted Answer

According to Jainism, the practice of ahimsa is key to our future liberation. It basically means the avoidance of all aggression, injury, or harm to other living things.

Question 7

Descartes' methodological departure is an attitude of and skepticism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Descartes' methodological departure is an attitude of...

Question 8

In Hume's philosophy, all the contents of our mind can be reduced to those given by the senses and experience. He calls these
A) perceptions.
B) images.
C) sense data.
D) brain waves.

Accepted Answer

Hume believed that all our ideas and concepts come from our perceptions, which are the immediate objects of our experience. These perceptions can be further divided into impressions (e.g. sensations of touch, taste, sound, etc.) and ideas (mental copies of these impressions). Therefore, the best choice is "perceptions".

Question 9

According to Locke's analysis, a primary quality of an apple might be
A) its red color.
B) its roundness.
C) its smoothness.
D) its smell.

Accepted Answer

Roundness is a primary quality of an apple because it is an objective property that can be measured and quantified.

Question 10

What philosopher argued that hallucinations, dreams and other illusions give rise to errors that we "sublate" when we see that they are contradicted by other things our senses show us in the world around us?
A) G. W. F. Hegel
B) Rene Descartes
C) Shankara
D) John Locke

Accepted Answer

The answer of What philosopher argued that hallucinations, dreams and...

Question 11

Descartes argued that human beings are born with ideas of the three fundamental kinds of things in the universe:
A) sense perception, ideas and concepts.
B) God, minds and material bodies.
C) understanding, sense perception and material bodies.
D) God, material bodies and properties of material bodies.

Accepted Answer

Descartes argued that human beings are born with innate ideas of God, minds and material bodies, which he considered to be the three fundamental kinds of things in the universe. He believed that these ideas are inherent in human nature and do not need to be learned or acquired through experience.

Question 12

Critical realists hold that only is present in the consciousness of objects.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Critical realists hold that only is present...

Question 13

Whose language makes them see and feel time as cyclic?
A) Navajo
B) Hopi
C) Brahmins
D) Jains

Accepted Answer

The Hopi language and culture view time as cyclic, rather than linear, with events and seasons repeating themselves in a continuous cycle. This is reflected in their language, which lacks words for specific concepts of time such as past, present, and future.

Question 14

The argument, "The three Toyota Corollas I've owned turned out to be pretty reliable, so I think all Toyota Corollas are going to be reliable." is an example of a(n)
A) deductive generalization.
B) inductive generalization.
C) genetic fallacy.
D) abusive ad hominem.

Accepted Answer

This argument is an example of inductive generalization because it is based on the observation of three individual cases and generalizes to all Toyota Corollas. However, it is important to note that this argument is not necessarily a strong or reliable generalization because the sample size is small and may not be representative of all Toyota Corollas.

Question 15

What philosopher argued that scientific claims or hypotheses must be capable of being falsified through empirical observations?
A) William Whewell
B) John Stuart Mill
C) Karl Popper
D) Isaac Newton

Accepted Answer

Karl Popper is best known for his philosophy of science, particularly his ideas on falsifiability. He argued that for a theory to be considered scientific, it must be capable of being tested and potentially refuted by empirical observations. This is known as the falsifiability criterion, which is a necessary condition for a theory to be scientific according to Popper.

Question 16

Locke held that qualities are subjective.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Locke held that qualities are subjective....

Question 17

"All triangles have three sides" is an example of a(n) statement.
A) analytic
B) synthetic
C) a posteriori
D) analytic a posteriori

Accepted Answer

This statement is analytic because the predicate (three sides) is contained within the subject (triangles) and does not require experience or empirical evidence to be understood.

Question 18

George Berkeley called his position
A) skepticism.
B) rationalism.
C) materialism.
D) immaterialism.

Accepted Answer

George Berkeley's position is immaterialism, which argues that the only things that exist are mental entities and that material objects are simply collections of ideas or sensations in the mind.

Question 19

Knowledge that does not depend on sense experience is ____________________ ____________________
knowledge.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Knowledge that does not depend on sense...

Question 20

What philosopher argued that the language of each culture contains the basic categories and structures that the people of that culture use to understand and organize their experience?
A) Immanuel Kant
B) Wilhelm von Humboldt
C) Francis Bacon
D) John Stuart Mill

Accepted Answer

Wilhelm von Humboldt is known for his linguistic relativity theory, which argues that the language of each culture contains the basic categories and structures that the people of that culture use to understand and organize their experience. He believed that language shapes the way we think and perceive the world around us.

Quiz 5: The Sources of Knowledge

The British empiricists, according to your text, are

Innate ideas are ideas that

Whose theories were accepted by Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf?

What philosopher argues that space and time are structures within our minds?

The empricist believes that

According to Jainism, the practice of is key to our future liberation. It basically means the avoidance of all aggression, injury, or harm to other living things.

Descartes' methodological departure is an attitude of and skepticism.

In Hume's philosophy, all the contents of our mind can be reduced to those given by the senses and experience. He calls these

According to Locke's analysis, a primary quality of an apple might be

What philosopher argued that hallucinations, dreams and other illusions give rise to errors that we "sublate" when we see that they are contradicted by other things our senses show us in the world around us?

Descartes argued that human beings are born with ideas of the three fundamental kinds of things in the universe:

Critical realists hold that only is present in the consciousness of objects.

Whose language makes them see and feel time as cyclic?

The argument, "The three Toyota Corollas I've owned turned out to be pretty reliable, so I think all Toyota Corollas are going to be reliable." is an example of a(n)

What philosopher argued that scientific claims or hypotheses must be capable of being falsified through empirical observations?

Locke held that qualities are subjective.

"All triangles have three sides" is an example of a(n) statement.

George Berkeley called his position

Knowledge that does not depend on sense experience is knowledge.

What philosopher argued that the language of each culture contains the basic categories and structures that the people of that culture use to understand and organize their experience?

Quiz 5: The Sources of Knowledge

The British empiricists, according to your text, are

Innate ideas are ideas that

Whose theories were accepted by Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf?

What philosopher argues that space and time are structures within our minds?

The empricist believes that

According to Jainism, the practice of is key to our future liberation. It basically means the avoidance of all aggression, injury, or harm to other living things.

Descartes' methodological departure is an attitude of and skepticism.

In Hume's philosophy, all the contents of our mind can be reduced to those given by the senses and experience. He calls these

According to Locke's analysis, a primary quality of an apple might be

What philosopher argued that hallucinations, dreams and other illusions give rise to errors that we "sublate" when we see that they are contradicted by other things our senses show us in the world around us?

Descartes argued that human beings are born with ideas of the three fundamental kinds of things in the universe:

Critical realists hold that only is present in the consciousness of objects.

Whose language makes them see and feel time as cyclic?

The argument, "The three Toyota Corollas I've owned turned out to be pretty reliable, so I think all Toyota Corollas are going to be reliable." is an example of a(n)

What philosopher argued that scientific claims or hypotheses must be capable of being falsified through empirical observations?

Locke held that qualities are subjective.

"All triangles have three sides" is an example of a(n) statement.

George Berkeley called his position

Knowledge that does not depend on sense experience is ____________________ ____________________ knowledge.

What philosopher argued that the language of each culture contains the basic categories and structures that the people of that culture use to understand and organize their experience?

Knowledge that does not depend on sense experience is knowledge.