Question 1

Which of the following best describes the solvent methanol?

Accepted Answer

Methanol is polar because it has a partial positive charge on the hydrogen and a partial negative charge on the oxygen. It is also protic because it has a hydrogen atom that is capable of forming hydrogen bonds with other molecules.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the solvent dimethylforamide (DMF)shown below?

Accepted Answer

DMF has polar covalent bonds and a dipole moment, indicating that it is polar. Additionally, it lacks an acidic hydrogen and is therefore aprotic. Therefore, the best choice is B: polar and aprotic.

Question 3

How many hydrogen bond accepting pairs of electrons does the molecule of penicillin (shown below)contain?

Accepted Answer

Penicillin contains 10 hydrogen bond accepting pairs of electrons. These are located on the oxygen atoms of the amide and carboxylic acid functional groups.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the molecule of heroin shown below?

Accepted Answer

The molecule of heroin shown has an oxygen atom with a lone pair of electrons, making it a potential hydrogen bond acceptor. It does not have a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative atom (such as N, O, or F) which would make it a hydrogen bond donor. Therefore, the best choice is B, H-bond acceptor.

Question 5

How many hydrogen bond donors does the molecule of penicillin (shown below)contain?

Accepted Answer

The molecule of penicillin (shown below) contains two hydrogen bond donors, which are the amino group (-NH2) and the carboxylic acid group (-COOH). Therefore, the best choice is C (2).

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the solvent diethyl ether?

Accepted Answer

Diethyl ether is considered a non-polar solvent due to its low dielectric constant and lack of significant dipole moment. It is also aprotic because it does not have hydrogen atoms bonded to electronegative atoms like oxygen or nitrogen, which would allow it to donate protons (H+).

Question 7

How many hydrogen bond accepting pairs of electrons does the molecule of heroin (shown below)contain?

Accepted Answer

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Question 8

Which functional group is NOT present in the molecule of penicillin shown below?

Accepted Answer

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Question 9

What is the strongest intermolecular force that the molecule shown below is capable of making?

Accepted Answer

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Question 10

Rank the following in terms of increasing solubility in water (least to most).

Accepted Answer

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Question 11

Which statement best describes the two molecules shown below?

Accepted Answer

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Question 12

How many ð bonds can be found in the structure of penicillin shown below?

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

Which of the following best describes the solvent dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)shown below?

Accepted Answer

Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) has a polar covalent bond between sulfur and oxygen, making it polar. It is also classified as an aprotic solvent as it does not contain any active hydrogen atoms that can form hydrogen bonds with solutes.

Question 14

Which functional group is present in the molecule of penicillin shown below?

Accepted Answer

The functional group present in the molecule of penicillin shown is a carboxylic acid group. It is identified by the COOH group on the right side of the molecule. The other choices (amine, ketone, and alcohol) are not present in the molecule.

Question 15

Which functional group has the highest priority using IUPAC naming?

Accepted Answer

According to IUPAC naming rules, carboxylic acid has the highest priority functional group. This is because carboxylic acid is considered to have multiple bonds to oxygen, whereas ketone and ether have only one bond to oxygen. Alkene has a carbon-carbon double bond, which is also considered to be a functional group, but it has lower priority than carboxylic acid.

Question 16

How many hydrogen bond donor sites does the molecule of heroin (shown below)contain?

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

Which of the following represents the strongest intermolecular force?

Accepted Answer

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Question 18

What intermolecular force is possible in the following molecule of heroin,shown below?

Accepted Answer

Heroin is a polar molecule due to the presence of the carbonyl and hydroxyl groups, which can result in dipole-dipole interactions. In addition, all molecules have London dispersion forces, which arise due to instantaneous dipoles. Therefore, the correct answer is B, as both London forces and dipole-dipole interactions are possible in this molecule. Electrostatic forces involve ionic bonds, and there are no ionic bonds present in the heroin molecule.

Question 19

Which of the following would be least soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

Rank the following in terms of increasing boiling point (least to most).

Accepted Answer

The boiling point of a substance is related to its intermolecular forces. In this case, all three substances are alcohols, which have hydrogen bonding as their strongest intermolecular force. However, the length of the carbon chain affects the strength of dispersion forces, which also contribute to the boiling point. As the length of the carbon chain increases, the strength of dispersion forces also increases, leading to higher boiling points. Therefore, the alcohol with the shortest carbon chain (I) will have the lowest boiling point, followed by the alcohol with the medium length carbon chain (II), and finally the alcohol with the longest carbon chain (III), which will have the highest boiling point. Therefore, choice C (I, II, III) is the correct answer.

Quiz 2: Anatomy of an Organic Molecule

Which of the following best describes the solvent methanol?

Which of the following best describes the solvent dimethylforamide (DMF) shown below?

How many hydrogen bond accepting pairs of electrons does the molecule of penicillin (shown below) contain?

Which of the following best describes the molecule of heroin shown below?

How many hydrogen bond donors does the molecule of penicillin (shown below) contain?

Which of the following best describes the solvent diethyl ether?

How many hydrogen bond accepting pairs of electrons does the molecule of heroin (shown below) contain?

Which functional group is NOT present in the molecule of penicillin shown below?

What is the strongest intermolecular force that the molecule shown below is capable of making?

Rank the following in terms of increasing solubility in water (least to most) .