Question 1

Which components are required in plasmids? (check all that apply)

Accepted Answer

Plasmids require a selectable marker, one or more unique restriction sites, and an origin of replication to allow independent replication in the host organism. Bacterial artificial chromosomes are not required for plasmids.

Question 2

A 6.85 kb EcoRI fragment of DNA is shown below.The location of several restriction sites is indicated.Scale is approximate.

Accepted Answer

A

Question 3

The most recent techniques developed in the biological sciences allow the manipulation of DNA with the ultimate goal of intervening directly with the ________ fate of organisms.

Accepted Answer

The manipulation of DNA directly affects the genetic makeup of organisms, thus ultimately influencing their genetic fate.

Question 4

Bacterial plasmids and artificial chromosomes are used as ________ to insert foreign DNA into host cells and create recombinant genomes.

Accepted Answer

Bacterial plasmids and artificial chromosomes are both examples of vectors, which are used to transport foreign DNA into host cells during genetic engineering.

Question 5

Identify a sequence that is most likely to be recognized by a restriction enzyme.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify a sequence that is most likely...

Question 6

All of the following involve molecular biology techniques except

Accepted Answer

Creation of Okazaki fragments is a biochemical process that occurs during DNA replication and is not considered a molecular biology technique. The other options listed are common techniques used in molecular biology.

Question 7

Which of the following types of information would be most useful in an effort to move a DNA fragment from one plasmid vector to another,using molecular cloning techniques?

Accepted Answer

Restriction maps of the plasmids will provide information on the restriction enzyme sites present in the plasmids, which can be used to cut and ligate the DNA fragment into the new vector. The other options are not relevant to the process of molecular cloning.

Question 8

Enzymes that cleave DNA at specific sites are called ________.

Accepted Answer

Enzymes that cleave DNA at specific sites are called restriction endonucleases. Vectors are DNA molecules used to transport foreign DNA into a host cell, peptidases are enzymes that break down peptides, and DNAses are enzymes that break down DNA into smaller pieces.

Question 9

An enzyme that has been isolated from retroviruses and is used to generate cDNA is

Accepted Answer

The enzyme isolated from retroviruses and used to generate cDNA is known as reverse transcriptase.

Question 10

You want to insert your favorite gene,which has been digested with Ncol endonuclease on both ends,into a vector.Ncol recognizes the DNA sequence C*CATGG.The vector you want to use contains many endonuclease recognition sites,but does not include an Ncol site.Which restriction endonuclease would be the most suitable replacement to digest the vector?

Accepted Answer

Sphl has a DNA sequence recognition of GCATGC, which does not contain the Ncol cut site. Therefore, it can be used to digest the vector without affecting the Ncol digested gene insert.

Question 11

A 6.85 kb EcoRI fragment of DNA is shown below.The location of several restriction sites is indicated.Scale is approximate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 6.85 kb EcoRI fragment of DNA...

Question 12

A fourth type of restriction enzyme is identified that cleaves at precise locations like a type II enzyme,but it also occasionally makes mistakes and cuts elsewhere.Would this type of enzyme be a useful enzyme to use in molecular cloning?

Accepted Answer

Cutting mistakes could lead to incorrect cloning, so this type of enzyme would not be a useful choice for molecular cloning.

Question 13

A gel electrophoresis is performed,but when the gel imager is used,no bands appear.The researcher might have forgotten to

Accepted Answer

The answer of A gel electrophoresis is performed,but when the...

Question 14

Gel ________ is a process that separates DNA or protein fragments according to their size,by causing them to migrate within a gel in response to an electric field.

Accepted Answer

Gel electrophoresis is the process of separating DNA or protein fragments by causing them to migrate within a gel in response to an electric field. Duplication refers to the process of making a copy of genetic material, blotting refers to transferring biological molecules from a gel to a membrane, and migration refers to the movement of cells or individuals from one place to another.

Question 15

Two strands of DNA that have been cut by an endonuclease can be sealed together by a(n)

Accepted Answer

Ligase is the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester bonds in the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA molecules. Therefore, it is responsible for sealing two strands of DNA together that have been cut by an endonuclease. Polymerase enzymes catalyze the synthesis of new DNA strands, exonuclease enzymes catalyze the removal of nucleotides from the ends of DNA strands, protease enzymes catalyze the breakdown of proteins, and methylase enzymes catalyze the addition of methyl groups to DNA.

Question 16

The most common way to follow bacterial transformation with a plasmid is by

Accepted Answer

Conferring antibiotic resistance is the most common way to follow bacterial transformation with a plasmid. This is because the plasmid usually contains a gene for antibiotic resistance, which allows for the selection and identification of transformed bacteria from those that have not undergone transformation.

Question 17

Small circular,extrachromosomal DNA segments are known as ________.

Accepted Answer

Plasmids are small, circular, extrachromosomal DNA segments that are commonly found in bacteria and can replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA. Vectors are also extrachromosomal DNA segments but are used to transfer genes from one organism to another. Clones are genetically identical copies of a single individual or cell. RNA is a type of nucleic acid that is involved in the synthesis of proteins.

Question 18

Single-stranded ends generated by the same restriction enzyme are complementary to each other.They can be joined together

Accepted Answer

Single-stranded ends generated by the same restriction enzyme have a specific sequence, regardless of the source of the DNA. Therefore, they can be joined together even when they come from different sources.

Question 19

Restriction enzymes are

Accepted Answer

Restriction enzymes are a type of endonuclease that cleave DNA at specific recognition sites, often used in genetic engineering applications. They are not proteases or lipases, which are enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of proteins and lipids, respectively. They are also not exonucleases, which cleave nucleotides from the end of a DNA chain.

Question 20

Single-stranded complementary tails that are produced by restriction digestion are called ________ ends.

Accepted Answer

Single-stranded complementary tails produced by restriction digestion are called sticky ends because they can stick to other complementary single-stranded ends, allowing for the formation of recombinant DNA molecules.

Quiz 17: Biotechnology

Which components are required in plasmids? (check all that apply)

A 6.85 kb EcoRI fragment of DNA is shown below.The location of several restriction sites is indicated.Scale is approximate.

The most recent techniques developed in the biological sciences allow the manipulation of DNA with the ultimate goal of intervening directly with the ________ fate of organisms.

Bacterial plasmids and artificial chromosomes are used as ________ to insert foreign DNA into host cells and create recombinant genomes.

Identify a sequence that is most likely to be recognized by a restriction enzyme.

All of the following involve molecular biology techniques except

Which of the following types of information would be most useful in an effort to move a DNA fragment from one plasmid vector to another,using molecular cloning techniques?

Enzymes that cleave DNA at specific sites are called ________.

An enzyme that has been isolated from retroviruses and is used to generate cDNA is

A 6.85 kb EcoRI fragment of DNA is shown below.The location of several restriction sites is indicated.Scale is approximate.

A fourth type of restriction enzyme is identified that cleaves at precise locations like a type II enzyme,but it also occasionally makes mistakes and cuts elsewhere.Would this type of enzyme be a useful enzyme to use in molecular cloning?

A gel electrophoresis is performed,but when the gel imager is used,no bands appear.The researcher might have forgotten to

Gel ________ is a process that separates DNA or protein fragments according to their size,by causing them to migrate within a gel in response to an electric field.

Two strands of DNA that have been cut by an endonuclease can be sealed together by a(n)

The most common way to follow bacterial transformation with a plasmid is by

Small circular,extrachromosomal DNA segments are known as ________.

Single-stranded ends generated by the same restriction enzyme are complementary to each other.They can be joined together

Restriction enzymes are

Single-stranded complementary tails that are produced by restriction digestion are called ________ ends.